centos7系統資源限制整理
概述
在linux系統使用過程中,默認的系統設置足夠使用,但是對於一些高並發高性能的程式會有瓶頸存在,這些限制主要通過ulimit查看和修改。
環境
centos:CentOS release 7.0 (Final)或以上版本
ulimit查看
通過命令查看當前賬戶的限定設置。
ulimit -a
core file size (blocks, -c) unlimited
data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority (-e) 0
file size (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals (-i) unlimited
max locked memory (kbytes, -l) unlimited
max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files (-n) 65536
pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) unlimited
real-time priority (-r) 0
stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192
cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes (-u) 65536
virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks (-x) unlimited
其中,比較常用的幾個是。
「core file size」(coredump記錄文件大小,默認為0不記錄)。
「open files」(進程打開文件最大數量,默認1024,網路連接較多時會存在瓶頸)。
「max user processes」(用戶最大進程數,多進程程式修改)。
設定
ulimit資源設定的修改分硬限制和軟限制,軟限制無法超過硬限制的上限,硬限制設定需要修改系統配置文件。
格式和說明都在配置文件中有清晰的描述。
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain> <type> <item> <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
# - a user name
# - a group name, with @group syntax
# - the wildcard *, for default entry
# - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
# for maxlogin limit
#
#<type> can have the two values:
# - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
# - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#
#<item> can be one of the following:
# - core - limits the core file size (KB)
# - data - max data size (KB)
# - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
# - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
# - nofile - max number of open file descriptors
# - rss - max resident set size (KB)
# - stack - max stack size (KB)
# - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
# - nproc - max number of processes
# - as - address space limit (KB)
# - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
# - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
# - priority - the priority to run user process with
# - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
# - sigpending - max number of pending signals
# - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
# - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
# - rtprio - max realtime priority
#
#<domain> <type> <item> <value>
* soft core unlimited
* hard core unlimited
* soft data unlimited
* hard data unlimited
* soft fsize unlimited
* hard fsize unlimited
* soft sigpending unlimited
* hard sigpending unlimited
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft msgqueue unlimited
* hard msgqueue unlimited
* soft nproc 65536
* hard nproc 65536
* soft locks unlimited
* hard locks unlimited
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited
修改賬戶啟動執行腳本。
vi ./bash_profile
ulimit -c unlimited
ulimit -d unlimited
ulimit -f unlimited
ulimit -i unlimited
ulimit -n 65536
ulimit -q unlimited
ulimit -u 65536
ulimit -x unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited
總結
實際使用過程中,需要根據伺服器運行的程式放開資源的限制。
空空如常
求真得真
