最詳細的SSM（Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis）項目搭建
- 2020 年 3 月 27 日
- 筆記
速覽
- 使用Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis搭建項目
- 開發工具IDEA（Ecplise步驟類似，代碼完全一樣）
- 項目類型Maven工程
- 數據庫MySQL8.0
- 數據庫連接池：Druid
發現不合適的出門左轉，不要浪費時間~~
數據庫信息如下：
- 數據庫名：webtest
- 測試表名稱user
CREATE TABLE `user` ( `username` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL, `password` varchar(16) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL, `tel` varchar(11) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL, `name` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`username`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 步驟
Step 1：創建Maven工程
- 新建Project,選擇Maven，選擇jdk，選擇創建模板為webapp（注意看清名稱）
2.填寫項目信息，然後一路next，最後finish
Step 2：添加依賴和插件，修改pom.xml文件，主要信息如下：
- Spring相關依賴
- MyBatis相關依賴
- MySQL連接相關依賴
- Druid連接池
- 測試依賴
- FastJSON依賴
- Tomcat插件
- Maven插件
- 資源拷貝插件（為了避免部分開發工具中不拷貝java包下的資源文件，不是所有人都會遇到這個問題，可以不配，具體請看這裡）
pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.demo</groupId> <artifactId>ssmdemo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <!--定義版本號--> <properties> <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <junit.version>4.9</junit.version> <fastjson.version>1.2.28</fastjson.version> <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version> <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version> <mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version> </properties> <!--依賴--> <dependencies> <!--Spring相關依賴--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--junit--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--fastJson--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>${fastjson.version}</version> </dependency> <!--Servlet--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!--MyBatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <!--MyBatis與Spring整合的依賴--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- MySql --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 連接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <!-- 自定義資源文件拷貝行為 --> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> <!--使用的插件--> <plugins> <!--上面的資源文件拷貝的插件--> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.7</version> <configuration> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 編譯插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <!--tomcat插件--> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <port>8080</port> <path>/</path> <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> Step 3：修改web.xml 文件（webapp/WEB-INF下），完成內容如下（所有的配置文件稍後會列出）：
- 初始化Spring容器
<!--初始化spring容器--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--讀取spring文件夾下所有applicationContext-打頭的文件--> <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> - 創建監聽器，監聽項目啟動的時候初始化我們的Spring容器
<!--監聽器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> - 創建一個Fliter，解決POST請求中文亂碼問題（在pom.xml配置Tomcat插件是指定的UTF-8隻能解決GET請求的亂碼問題）
<!-- 解決post亂碼 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> - 創建DispatcherServlet（我們可以使用SpringMVC的基礎）
<!-- springmvc的前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必須的， 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， springmvc的配置文件默認在：WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> - 完整的web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--初始化spring容器--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--監聽器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 解決post亂碼 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必須的， 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， springmvc的配置文件默認在：WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> Step 4：在java下創建需要package（沒有java請創建），方便稍後寫配置文件
- controller包
- service包
- mapper包
- domain包
Step 5：在resources（沒有請創建）包下創建spring包，用來存放Spring相關的配置文件，創建springmvc.xml配置文件
- 開啟controller的掃描
- 開啟mvc的註解掃描
- 配置轉換器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--開啟controller掃描 指定掃描的基礎包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller"/> <!--開啟註解掃描--> <mvc:annotation-driven> <!--指定轉換器為fastjson--> <mvc:message-converters> <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter"/> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> </beans> Step 6：繼續在spring文件下創建applicationContext-service.xml配置文件，配置service層的相關配置
- 開啟組件掃描
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--開啟註解掃描 掃描服務層組件--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.service"/> </beans> Step 7：繼續在spring文件夾下創建applicationContext-dao.xml配置文件，配置持久層相關配置
- 在resources下創建properties文件夾，新建db.properties配置文件，配置連接數據庫相關屬性
db.properties文件內容如下：
數據庫連接驅動、url、用戶名、密碼
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/webtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root - 在spring文件夾下創建applicationContext-dao.xml配置文件
- 配置數據源
- 配置sqlsession工廠（SqlMapConfig.xml稍後創建）
- 配置mapper代理
applicationContext-dao.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--讀取db.properties配置文件內容--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/db.properties"/> <!--配置數據源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <property name="minIdle" value="5" /> </bean> <!--配置sqlsession工廠--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 數據源 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/SqlMapConfig.xml"/> </bean> <!--配置mapper代理--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.demo.mapper"/> </bean> </beans> Step 8：在resources文件夾下創建mybatis文件夾，存放mybatis相關配置，
創建SqlMapConfig.xml文件
SqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--配置pojo的別名--> <typeAliases> <package name="com.demo.domain"/> </typeAliases> </configuration> 至此，resources文件夾下的內容配置完成，回到java文件夾下
Step 9：在com.demo.domain下創建User實體類
User.java
package com.demo.domain; import java.io.Serializable; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 16:53 */ public class User implements Serializable { private String username; private String password; private String tel; private String email; private String name; //省略getter和setter方法 } Step 10：在mapper文件下創建接口UserMapper，同時創建同名的UserMapper.xml文件，寫一個簡單的查詢全部的方法
UserMapper接口
package com.demo.mapper; import com.demo.domain.User; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 16:57 */ public interface UserMapper { List<User> findAll(); } UserMapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <!--指定命名空間--> <mapper namespace="com.demo.mapper.UserMapper"> <!--查詢全部 id必須與接口的方法名對應--> <select id="findAll" resultType="com.demo.domain.User"> select * from user </select> </mapper> Step 11：service下創建接口UserService，同時創建impl包，在impl包下創建UserServiceImpl類，擴展UserService接口
在接口中定義個查詢全部的方法，並在實現類中實現此方法
UserService接口
package com.demo.service; import com.demo.domain.User; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:07 */ public interface UserService { /** * 查找全部User * @return User */ List<User> findAll(); } UserServiceImpl實現類（不要忘記@Service註解）
package com.demo.service.impl; import com.demo.domain.User; import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper; import com.demo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:08 */ //別忘了service註解哦 @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { //注入UserMapper對象 @Autowired private UserMapper mapper; @Override public List<User> findAll() { return mapper.findAll(); } } Step 12：在controller下創建UserController類
package com.demo.controller; import com.demo.domain.User; import com.demo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:12 */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/all") public List<User> findAll(){ return userService.findAll(); } } 運行測試配置
啟動沒有報錯的話就可以在瀏覽器中測試訪問：
http://localhost:8080/user/all 成功返回JSON串
項目完整結構
├─.idea │ ├─codeStyles │ ├─dictionaries │ └─inspectionProfiles ├─src │ └─main │ ├─java │ │ └─com │ │ └─demo │ │ ├─controller │ │ ├─domain │ │ ├─mapper │ │ └─service │ │ └─impl │ ├─resources │ │ ├─mybatis │ │ ├─properties │ │ └─spring │ └─webapp │ └─WEB-INF └─target ├─apache-tomcat-maven-plugin ├─classes │ ├─com │ │ └─demo │ │ ├─controller │ │ ├─domain │ │ ├─mapper │ │ └─service │ │ └─impl │ ├─mybatis │ ├─properties │ └─spring ├─generated-sources │ └─annotations ├─maven-status │ └─maven-compiler-plugin │ └─compile │ └─default-compile └─tomcat ├─conf ├─logs ├─webapps └─work └─Tomcat └─localhost └─_ 源碼下載
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