Ps:因为工作内容；有一部份是需要重装系统；系统版本镜像为centos7.9。可每次装完都需要下载一些基础包；最近因为设备过多；网卡名称太乱；导致做后续配置太繁琐；不规整；索性自己定制个系统；

# mkdir /root/iso
# mkdir /MISO
# yum install createrepo mkisofs isomd5sum squashfs-tools 
# wget //mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso

# mount -o loop,rw CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso /MISO
# cp -a /MISO/*   /root/iso/

default vesamenu.timeout 100  
##安装系统时的默认引导时间；

display boot.msg

# Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displayed.
# For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed without
# the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode.
menu clear
menu background splash.png     ###安装系统背景图片；更换背景界面；替换为需要的图片，保持文件名不变，图片大小640x480
menu title SinoCache ISO 7.9   ##可以定制欢迎标题
menu vshift 8
menu rows 18
menu margin 8
#menu hidden
menu helpmsgrow 15
menu tabmsgrow 13
………………………………………………
label linux
  menu label ^Install SinoCache ISO 7.9   ###定制系统标题
  menu default   ###默认引导选项
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS  quiet  net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
##ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg :创建自动化安装配置文件；可以用系统默认生成的anaconda-ks.cfg文件。
##inst.stage2=hd:LABEL= ：为安装介质位置，hd:LABEL为介质标签，例如：CentOS
##net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 :用于禁用centos7的”一致性网络设备命名法”；centos6系统网卡命名为ethX形式；centos7系统网卡名各种各样在工作中太无序了；很烦；使用这个参数可以将网卡名改为ethX

###可以将这个标签选项注销。
#label check
#  menu label Test this ^media & install SinoCache ISO 7.9
#  kernel vmlinuz
#  append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 rd.live.check quiet net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

#version=DEVEL
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
#使用CD-ROM安装介质
cdrom
# 使用图形化安装
graphical
# 在第一次启动时运行安装代理
firstboot --enable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# 键盘布局
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# 设置语言
lang en_US.UTF-8

# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth1 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth2 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth3 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth4 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth5 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
#network  --device=Wan     --bondopts=mode=802.3ad,xmit_hash_policy=layer3+4 --bondslaves=eth0,eth3 --onboot=yes
network  --hostname=ngaa.com.cn

# 设置root密码
rootpw --iscrypted $6$sNStQWknxzURmZpv$PEFIX7tG1McnzRsGBUm4UnOyRr4Kg/R8CHcujTbPYMvZRfxVWd8aetfP7gWRHhHobKMay4rGQO6Uxq2CoZ7QF1
# System services
services --enabled="chronyd"
# 关闭 SELinux 
selinux --disabled
# 关闭防火墙
firewall --disabled
# 系统服务开机自启
services --enabled="zabbix_agentd,sshd"
# 设置时区
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
# 系统引导配置
bootloader --append="console=tty0 audit=0 selinux=0 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# 清空主引导分区记录MBR
zerombr
# 清除分区信息
clearpart --all --initlabel

# 硬盘分区信息
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=300
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=32768
part /data/cache1 --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=92458

%packages
@^minimal
@core
chrony
kexec-tools
%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end

%post
#配置sshd
/bin/sed -i '13a Port 7346' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '/PermitRootLogin /d' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '32a PermitRootLogin yes' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '59a PasswordAuthentication yes' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '/GSSAPIAuthentication /d' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '71a GSSAPIAuthentication no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '/UsePAM /d' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '82a UsePAM yes' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '/UseDNS /d' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\
/bin/sed -i '98a UseDNS no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \\

#disable NetworkManager
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager

#配置PAM会话检查
cat > /etc/pam.d/sshd << EOF
#%PAM-1.0
auth       required     pam_sepermit.so
auth       include      password-auth
account    required     pam_nologin.so
account    include      password-auth
password   include      password-auth
# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule
session    required     pam_selinux.so close
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context
session    required     pam_selinux.so open env_params
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke
session    include      password-auth
EOF

#配置DNS
echo  'nameserver 114.114.114.114' > /etc/resolv.conf
%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

reboot
##重装完系统自动重启。

[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/   ##将缓存目录做修改；原来目录太深了；·
keepcache=1  ##将原来的值0改为1（表示安装后保留软件包；为的是下载一些新系统预安装的软件；如wget等）
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=5
bugtracker_url=//bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=//bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum
distroverpkg=centos-release

# yum -y install mtr vim net-tools wget iptables-services tcpdump traceroute zabbix_agentd iptraf-ng bind-utils ipmitool pciutils rsync
###上面的软件rpm包（包括依赖包）都会在/var/cache/yum/*/packages/目录下； *代表所使用的yum源仓库名称；根据自己使用yum仓库来决定。

[root@localhost packages]# pwd
/var/cache/yum/ali-updates/packages
[root@localhost packages]# ll | head -n5
total 359436
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1038100 Dec  1 09:13 bash-4.2.46-35.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1146744 Dec  1 09:13 bind-export-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   161096 Dec  1 09:13 bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1179928 Dec  1 09:13 bind-libs-lite-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.8.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost packages]# cp  -a ./* /root/iso/Package

# cd /root/iso/repodata
# vim *-minimal-x86_64-comps.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE comps PUBLIC "-//CentOS//DTD Comps info//EN" "comps.dtd">
<comps>
  <group>
    <id>core</id>
    <name>Core</name>
    <name xml:lang="af">Kern</name>
      …………………………
   <name xml:lang="zh_TW">核心</name>
   <name xml:lang="zu">Okuyikhona</name>
   <description>Smallest possible installation.</description>
   <description xml:lang="as">ন্যূনতম ইনস্টল।</description>
      …………………………
   <description xml:lang="zh_TW">最小型安装。</description>
   <default>false</default>
   <uservisible>false</uservisible>
   <packagelist>
      <packagereq type="mandatory">audit</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="mandatory">basesystem</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="mandatory">bash</packagereq>
        ………………………………
      <packagereq type="mandatory">yum</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">aic94xx-firmware</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">alsa-firmware</packagereq>
        ………………………………      
      <packagereq type="default">ql23xx-firmware</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">rdma</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">vim-enhanced</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">net-tools</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">tcpdump</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">mtr</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">iptabels-services</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">traceroute</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">ipmitool</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">wget</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">zabbix_agentd</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">iptraf-ng</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">ansible</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">rsync</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">pciutils</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">kernel-devel</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="default">kernel-headers</packagereq>
      <packagereq type="optional">tboot</packagereq>
    </packagelist>
  </group>
  <environment>
    <id>minimal</id>
    <name>Minimal Install</name>
    <name xml:lang="as">নূন্যতম ইনস্টল</name>
       …………………………
   <description xml:lang="zh_CN">基本功能。</description>
   <description xml:lang="zh_TW">基本功能。</description>
   <display_order>5</display_order>
    <grouplist>
        <groupid>core</groupid>
       <groupid>core</groupid>
       </grouplist>
   </environment>
</comps>
###在default标签下写自己要下载的软件。前提是制作目录/root/iso/Package/下有相应的rpm及依赖包。

# cd /root/iso/
# createrepo -g repodata/*-c7-minimal-x86_64-comps.xml  .
###注意当有新包加入，或者更新*comps.xml文件，均需要重新生成repodata文件夹

unsquashfs /root/iso/LiveOS/squashfs.img    
#会在root家用户目录下；出现一个squashfs-root/
mount -o loop,rw squashfs-root/LiveOS/rootfs.img /media
#把解压后的文件进行挂载，然后操作

#将解压后的文件重新打包
#mksquashfs squashfs-root/   squashfs.img
并将生成的squashfs.img替换原来的/root/iso/LiveOS/squashfs.img  

# mkisofs -o /root/cnetos-7.9.iso -input-charset utf-8 -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -R -J -v -T -joliet-long -V CentOS /root/iso/ 
## 注意参数中的-V，和上面的isolinux.cfg文件有关。