webgl(three.js)实现室内定位,楼宇bim、实时定位三维可视化解决方案——第五课
- 2019 年 10 月 3 日
- 笔记
（写在前面，谈谈物联网展会）上次深圳会展中心举行物联网展会，到了展会一看，80%以上的物联网应用都是在搞RFID，室内定位，我一度怀疑物联网落地方案的方向局限性与市场导向，后来多方面了解才明白，展会上看到的不能体现目前物联网最前沿最广泛的应用，很多大的企业与技术前沿企业没有参与这样的展会，一是不屑于参加，二是展会带来的市场价值实在太少太少，展会最大的价值就是让同行之间再抄一抄（国内大部分企业基本这样，互相山寨），看看各家都做了啥，所以，展会上我们所看到的往往不是企业最核心最好的东西，不能体现当前国内物联网最前沿的技术与发展状况。
前言：GPS、北斗系统将全球地图导航定位发展到了极致的程度，但精确精度还不能达到两米以内， 如何解决解决室内这最后几米的定位问题，国内外各大厂家各出奇招。因为有市场需求所以有资本驱动，室内精确定位在仓库，档案馆，监狱，医院，办公，人员，以及各种高价值重要资产等定位场景中都要这样的需求。室内定位设想应用于人员的管理、机器人仿生、被标签物的定位追踪等等。如果室内定位能够解决精度，延迟，容量三方面瓶颈，其市场应用价值不可限量
技术目标：将非可视内容的可视化呈现，更直观的掌控数据情况。
一、市场背景与领域：
1、信息采集定位：打卡、签注、活动范围圈定、电子围栏、工作中日常监控等等。
2、安防监控定位：安防领域比较广泛，包括了消防、监控、维保安保等等，这些具体行业划分方面对精准定位可视化需求都比较强烈。保护人民生命财产、监控消防英雄实时位置这些都是有待解决的问题。
3、工业4.0：这是最新的工业诉求，真正落地的，目前还没有几家，其主要目标就是通过室内定位技术让整个生产流程实现可视化，可追踪化。
4、监狱、医院、机场领域、商场。定位可视化需求也比较强烈
监狱：防止越狱，防止自杀等。每个犯人手上上一个不可拆卸的手环，只要系统检查到有人某处停留时间过长，系统就会报警。
医院：为患者提供快捷的寻址巡诊服务。
机场、商场：为客人，旅客提供方便快捷的定位导航服务，为机场提供可疑物品贴标签定位方案。
5、仓库资产定位
6、无人机、物流、快递派送定位
7、APP应用服务，适当位置推送适当服务。
8、游戏场景，VR应用
等等，随便想想就这么多，看来市场还是比较有前景的。
二、技术方案分析：
当前市面上室内定位技术主要分为下列几种：
1、wifi探针+摄像机智能分析技术：这种技术利用wifi探针撤出大体位置在用摄像机智能分析，分析出精确位置，优点是精确度高，缺点是成本高，摄像机死角多。
2、无源RFID+读卡器技术：这种技术是目前市面上用的比较多的技术，比如超市，仓储，优点是成本低，缺点是没什么精度要求 ，精度范围 是房间内
3、低功耗有源RFID+读卡器基地器+智能分析：这种利用有源发射信号的方式定位，精确多虽然高 但是读卡器多的情况下会出现误报，乱报情况，这就需要智能分析，数据清洗。目前比较看好的方案，成本低，精确度一米以内。
4、蓝牙信号强度探测分析：精确的高，但是蓝牙信号受阻挡，受干扰比较严重。这也是展会中看到的方案。
5、定位地毯+有源信号卡（手环）：这是精确度非常高的方案，但是成本也很高。要在室内铺上一层定位弱电地毯。
6、红外探测技术、超宽带技术、超声波技术：和蓝牙的方案差不多。
三、三维可视化显示
我们还是和前面的课程( 使用webgl(three.js)搭建一个3D智慧园区、3D建筑，3D消防模拟，web版3D,bim管理系统——第四课（炫酷版一）)一样选择webgl无插件解决方案，直观体现定位可视化。
3.1、首先是场景搭建，搭建需要定位的三维场景。这里我们随便做了一栋大楼，作为需要定位的场景。
下图是gif图效果，（为了上传到文章里，特意做了帧数删减）
模型代码：
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View Code
3.2、显示单个楼层实时定位效果。这里我们动态添加定位标签。标注标签。在右下角显示标签信息，规避场景内凌乱。
楼层切换效果
逻辑代码：
if (_this.build1CurrentShowFlow == 8&&_this.currentShowLocationState == 1) { _this.closeLocation(doshowAnimiation); } else { doshowAnimiation(); } function doshowAnimiation(){ WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition( { x: -3160 + (8 - floornub) * 300, y: 5645 - (8 - floornub) * 300, z: -3292 + (8 - floornub) * 300 }, { x: 80, y: 23, z: 155 }, 500, function () { if (_this.build1CurrentShowFlow > floornub) { var start = _this.build1CurrentShowFlow; _this.build1CurrentShowFlow = floornub; for (var i = start; i >= floornub + 1; i--) { (function (floorindex) { setTimeout(function () { var movemodesname = "cM_dingweifloor_" + floorindex; var movemodel = _this.outFloorModels[movemodesname]; if (!movemodel.oldposition) { movemodel.oldposition = { x: movemodel.position.x, y: movemodel.position.y, z: movemodel.position.z }; } var moveToPositon = movemodel.position.y + 5000; new TWEEN.Tween(movemodel.position).to({ y: moveToPositon }, 1000).onComplete(function () { movemodel.visible = false; if (floorindex == floornub + 1) { if (_this.currentShowLocationState == 1) { if (floornub < 8) { var showTxt = ""; showTxt += _this.addFloorMarks(floornub); $("#showText").html(showTxt); } else { _this.showLocation(); } } } }).start(); }, 500 * (start+1 - floorindex)); })(i); } } else if (_this.build1CurrentShowFlow < floornub) { var start = _this.build1CurrentShowFlow+1; _this.build1CurrentShowFlow = floornub; for (var i = start; i <= floornub ; i++) { (function (floorindex) { setTimeout(function () { var movemodesname = "cM_dingweifloor_" + floorindex; var movemodel = _this.outFloorModels[movemodesname]; var moveToPositon = movemodel.oldposition.y; movemodel.visible = true; new TWEEN.Tween(movemodel.position).to({ y: moveToPositon }, 1000).onComplete(function () { if (floorindex == floornub) { setTimeout(function () { if (_this.currentShowLocationState == 1) { if (floornub < 8) { var showTxt = ""; showTxt += _this.addFloorMarks(floornub); $("#showText").html(showTxt); } else { _this.showLocation(); } } }, 150 * floornub - start); } }).start(); }, 500 * (floorindex-start + 1)); })(i); } } }); }
单楼层显示定位效果
‘’
动态标签模型代码：
[{ "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "dmark_" + name, "objType": "GroupObj", "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "position": position, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }], "childrens": [{ "name": "dmark_" + name + "OBJCREN0", "objType": "picIdentification", "size": { "x": size.width, "y": size.height }, "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 }, "imgurl": picurl, "showSortNub": 3480, "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "name": "dmark_" + name + "OBJCREN1", "objType": "makeTextSprite", "textColor": { "r": Txtcolor.r, "g": Txtcolor.g, "b": Txtcolor.b, "a": 1 }, "message": "" + showNub, "fontsize": 300, "canvasWidth": 400, "canvasHeight": 350, "position": { "x": 0, "y": 64.901, "z": 0 }, "showSortNub": 3481, "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }], "showSortNub": 3480 }];
单楼层显示定位代码：
ModelBusiness.prototype.marks = []; ModelBusiness.prototype.addMark = function (name, position, size, picurl,showNub,Txtcolor) { if (this.marks.indexOf("dmark_" + name) >= 0) { modelBusiness.moveMark("dmark_" + name, position, 1000); return; } this.marks.push("dmark_" + name); var timestrik = new Date().getTime(); var showHtml = "hello"; var local = [{ "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "dmark_" + name, "objType": "GroupObj", "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "position": position, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }], "childrens": [{ "name": "dmark_" + name + "OBJCREN0", "objType": "picIdentification", "size": { "x": size.width, "y": size.height }, "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 }, "imgurl": picurl, "showSortNub": 3480, "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "name": "dmark_" + name + "OBJCREN1", "objType": "makeTextSprite", "textColor": { "r": Txtcolor.r, "g": Txtcolor.g, "b": Txtcolor.b, "a": 1 }, "message": "" + showNub, "fontsize": 300, "canvasWidth": 400, "canvasHeight": 350, "position": { "x": 0, "y": 64.901, "z": 0 }, "showSortNub": 3481, "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }], "showSortNub": 3480 }]; //[{ "name": "dmark_" + name, "objType": "picIdentification", "size": { "x": size.width, "y": size.height }, "position": position, "imgurl": picurl, "showSortNub": 3480, "show": true, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, // { "name": "dmark_TxtNub_" + name, "objType": "makeTextSprite", "textColor": { "r": 255, "g": 255, "b": 0, "a": 1 }, "message": "001", "fontsize": 100, "canvasWidth": 100, "canvasHeight": 120, "position": { "x": position.x, "y": position.y + 53.904, "z": position.z}, "showSortNub": 5, "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }]; WT3DObj.commonFunc.loadModelsByJsons(local, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, true); } ModelBusiness.prototype.addMarkTxt = function (showHtml, _obj, buildNub, position, closeFunc) { var timestrik = new Date().getTime(); var _obj = { uuid: 'daf4', name: "showMark", showSortNub: 1, objType: "DivTagging", tagType: 'sprite',//plane/sprite elementParam: { cssid: "style_divtest", css: "", marginValue: { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, divid: 'divtest', html: "<div id='divtest'><div style='width:300px;height:200px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,1);padding:10px;border:1px solid #00ffff;'>" + showHtml + "</div > </div >", }, position: { x: position.x, y: position.y + 500, z: position.z }, scale: { x: 8, y: 8, z: 1 }, rotation: [], } var ccd = WT3DObj.addDivTagging(WT3DObj, _obj); ccd.renderOrder = 1; WT3DObj.addObject(ccd); }
3.3、显示整体楼层实时定位效果。
gif录屏图
实现代码：
ModelBusiness.prototype.getAllFloorBuild = function () { var _this = this; if (!_this.outFloorModels) { var modelNames = ["cM_dingweifloor_8", "cM_dingweifloor_7", "cM_dingweifloor_6", "cM_dingweifloor_5", "cM_dingweifloor_4", "cM_dingweifloor_3", "cM_dingweifloor_2", "cM_dingweifloor_1"]; var models = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObjectsByNames(modelNames); _this.outFloorModels = {}; $.each(models, function (_index, _obj) { _this.outFloorModels[_obj.name] = _obj; }); } return _this.outFloorModels; } //floornub:楼层编号 ModelBusiness.prototype.showFloor = function ( floornub) { var _this = this; _this.getAllFloorBuild(); _this.removeAllMark(); if (_this.build1CurrentShowFlow == 8&&_this.currentShowLocationState == 1) { _this.closeLocation(doshowAnimiation); } else { doshowAnimiation(); } function doshowAnimiation(){ WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition( { x: -3160 + (8 - floornub) * 300, y: 5645 - (8 - floornub) * 300, z: -3292 + (8 - floornub) * 300 }, { x: 80, y: 23, z: 155 }, 500, function () { if (_this.build1CurrentShowFlow > floornub) { var start = _this.build1CurrentShowFlow; _this.build1CurrentShowFlow = floornub; for (var i = start; i >= floornub + 1; i--) { (function (floorindex) { setTimeout(function () { var movemodesname = "cM_dingweifloor_" + floorindex; var movemodel = _this.outFloorModels[movemodesname]; if (!movemodel.oldposition) { movemodel.oldposition = { x: movemodel.position.x, y: movemodel.position.y, z: movemodel.position.z }; } var moveToPositon = movemodel.position.y + 5000; new TWEEN.Tween(movemodel.position).to({ y: moveToPositon }, 1000).onComplete(function () { movemodel.visible = false; if (floorindex == floornub + 1) { if (_this.currentShowLocationState == 1) { if (floornub < 8) { var showTxt = ""; showTxt += _this.addFloorMarks(floornub); $("#showText").html(showTxt); } else { _this.showLocation(); } } } }).start(); }, 500 * (start+1 - floorindex)); })(i); } } else if (_this.build1CurrentShowFlow < floornub) { var start = _this.build1CurrentShowFlow+1; _this.build1CurrentShowFlow = floornub; for (var i = start; i <= floornub ; i++) { (function (floorindex) { setTimeout(function () { var movemodesname = "cM_dingweifloor_" + floorindex; var movemodel = _this.outFloorModels[movemodesname]; var moveToPositon = movemodel.oldposition.y; movemodel.visible = true; new TWEEN.Tween(movemodel.position).to({ y: moveToPositon }, 1000).onComplete(function () { if (floorindex == floornub) { setTimeout(function () { if (_this.currentShowLocationState == 1) { if (floornub < 8) { var showTxt = ""; showTxt += _this.addFloorMarks(floornub); $("#showText").html(showTxt); } else { _this.showLocation(); } } }, 150 * floornub - start); } }).start(); }, 500 * (floorindex-start + 1)); })(i); } } }); } } ModelBusiness.prototype.dbClickFloor = function (clickObj) { console.log(clickObj); var modelNames = ["cM_dingweifloor_8", "cM_dingweifloor_7", "cM_dingweifloor_6", "cM_dingweifloor_5", "cM_dingweifloor_4", "cM_dingweifloor_3", "cM_dingweifloor_2", "cM_dingweifloor_1"]; if (clickObj.name.indexOf("cM_dingweifloor_") >= 0) { this.showFloor( parseInt(clickObj.name.replace("cM_dingweifloor_", ""))); } }
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由于篇幅原因，这一课先介绍到这里
后面我将继续讲解用webgl 建立 3D园区 3D智慧小区 、室内定位、桥梁隧道三维应用炫酷效果等等
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