MyBatis之启动分析(一)

  • 2019 年 10 月 29 日
  • 筆記

ytao

前言

MyBatis 作为目前最常用的持久层框架之一,分析其源码,对我们的使用过程中可更好的运用它。本系列基于mybatis-3.4.6进行分析。
MyBatis 的初始化工作就是解析主配置文件,映射配置文件以及注解信息。然后保存在org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration,供后期执行数据请求的相关调用。
Configuration 里有大量配置信息,在后面每涉及到一个相关配置,会进行详细的分析。

启动

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {          // 获取配置文件          Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml");          // 通过 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 构建 sqlSession 工厂          SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);          // 获取 sqlSession 实例          SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();            reader.close();          sqlSession.close();      }

分析

SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 类

SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 的build()是Mybatis启动的初始化入口,使用builder模式加载配置文件。
通过查看该类,使用方法重载,有以下9个方法:
SqlSessionFactoryBuilde类中的方法

方法重载最终实现处理的方法源码如下:

    public SqlSessionFactory build(Reader reader, String environment, Properties properties) {          try {            // 实例化 XMLConfigBuilder,用于读取配置文件信息            XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(reader, environment, properties);            // 解析配置信息,保存到 Configuration            return build(parser.parse());          } catch (Exception e) {            throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);          } finally {            ErrorContext.instance().reset();            try {              reader.close();            } catch (IOException e) {              // Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.            }          }        }
  • environment 是指定加载环境,默认值为 null。
  • properties 是属性配置文件,默认值为 null。
    同时读取配置文件既可字符流读取,也支持字节流读取。
    public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties properties) {          try {            XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(inputStream, environment, properties);            return build(parser.parse());          } catch (Exception e) {            throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);          } finally {            ErrorContext.instance().reset();            try {              inputStream.close();            } catch (IOException e) {              // Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.            }          }        }

实例化 XMLConfigBuilder 类

通过 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 中 XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(reader, environment, properties), 分析 XMLConfigBuilder实例化过程。
该类中有四个变量:

    private boolean parsed;      private final XPathParser parser;      private String environment;      private final ReflectorFactory localReflectorFactory = new DefaultReflectorFactory();
  • parsed 是否解析,一次解析即可。用于标志配置文件只解析一次,true为已解析过。
  • parser 解析配置的解析器
  • environment 加载环境,即 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 中的 environment
  • localReflectorFactory 用于创建和缓存Reflector对象,一个类对应一个Reflector。因为参数处理、结果映射等操作时,会涉及大量的反射操作。DefaultReflectorFactory实现类比较简单,这里不再进行讲解。

XMLConfigBuilder构建函数实现:

    public XMLConfigBuilder(Reader reader, String environment, Properties props) {          this(new XPathParser(reader, true, props, new XMLMapperEntityResolver()), environment, props);      }

实例化 XPathParser 对象

首先实例化 XPathParser 对象,里面定义了5个变量:

    private final Document document;      private boolean validation;      private EntityResolver entityResolver;      private Properties variables;      private XPath xpath;
  • document 保存document对象
  • validation xml解析时是否验证文档
  • entityResolver 加载dtd文件
  • variables 配置文件定义的值
  • xpath Xpath对象,用于对XML文件节点的操作

XPathParser 对象构造函数有:
XPathParser构造方法
函数里面都处理了两件事:

    public XPathParser(Reader reader, boolean validation, Properties variables, EntityResolver entityResolver) {          commonConstructor(validation, variables, entityResolver);          this.document = createDocument(new InputSource(reader));      }
  1. 初始化赋值,和创建XPath对象,用于对XML文件节点的操作。
    private void commonConstructor(boolean validation, Properties variables, EntityResolver entityResolver) {          this.validation = validation;          this.entityResolver = entityResolver;          this.variables = variables;          // 创建Xpath对象,用于对XML文件节点的操作          XPathFactory factory = XPathFactory.newInstance();          this.xpath = factory.newXPath();      }
  1. 创建Document对象并赋值到document变量, 这里属于Document创建的操作,不再详细讲述,不懂可以点击这里查看API
    private Document createDocument(InputSource inputSource) {          // important: this must only be called AFTER common constructor          try {            // 实例化 DocumentBuilderFactory 对象,用于创建 DocumentBuilder 对象            DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();            // 是否校验文档            factory.setValidating(validation);            // 设置 DocumentBuilderFactory 的配置            factory.setNamespaceAware(false);            factory.setIgnoringComments(true);            factory.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(false);            factory.setCoalescing(false);            factory.setExpandEntityReferences(true);            // 创建 DocumentBuilder            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();            builder.setEntityResolver(entityResolver);            builder.setErrorHandler(new ErrorHandler() {              @Override              public void error(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {                throw exception;              }                @Override              public void fatalError(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {                throw exception;              }                @Override              public void warning(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {              }            });            // 加载文件            return builder.parse(inputSource);          } catch (Exception e) {            throw new BuilderException("Error creating document instance.  Cause: " + e, e);          }      }

XMLConfigBuilder构造函数赋值

    private XMLConfigBuilder(XPathParser parser, String environment, Properties props) {          super(new Configuration());          ErrorContext.instance().resource("SQL Mapper Configuration");          this.configuration.setVariables(props);          this.parsed = false;          this.environment = environment;          this.parser = parser;      }
  1. 初始化父类BaseBuilder的值。
  2. 将外部值赋值给对象。
  3. 将实例化的XPathParser赋值给parser

最后返回XMLConfigBuilder对象。

解析 XMLConfigBuilder 对象

通过 XMLConfigBuilder.parse() 解析配置信息,保存至Configuration。解析详解在后面文章中进行分析。

    public Configuration parse() {          // 是否解析过配置文件          if (parsed) {            throw new BuilderException("Each XMLConfigBuilder can only be used once.");          }          // 标志解析过,定义为 true          parsed = true;          // 解析 configuration 节点中的信息          parseConfiguration(parser.evalNode("/configuration"));          return configuration;      }

创建 SqlSessionFactory

DefaultSqlSessionFactory实现了SqlSessionFactory接口。
通过上面解析得到的Configuration,调用SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(Configuration config)创建一个 DefaultSqlSessionFactory

    public SqlSessionFactory build(Configuration config) {          return new DefaultSqlSessionFactory(config);      }

实例化DefaultSqlSessionFactory的过程,就是将Configuration传递给DefaultSqlSessionFactory成员变量configuration

    public DefaultSqlSessionFactory(Configuration configuration) {          this.configuration = configuration;      }

创建 SqlSession

通过调用SqlSessionFactory.openSession()创建SqlSession

    public interface SqlSessionFactory {        // 默认创建        SqlSession openSession();          SqlSession openSession(boolean autoCommit);        SqlSession openSession(Connection connection);        SqlSession openSession(TransactionIsolationLevel level);          SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType);        SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, boolean autoCommit);        SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level);        SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, Connection connection);          Configuration getConfiguration();        }
  • autoCommit 是否自动提交事务,
  • level 事务隔离级别(共5个级别), 可查看相关源码
  • connection 连接
  • execType 执行器的类型:SIMPLE(不做特殊处理), REUSE(复用预处理语句), BATCH(会批量执行)

因为上面DefaultSqlSessionFactory实现了SqlSessionFactory接口,所以进入到DefaultSqlSessionFactory查看openSession()

    public SqlSession openSession() {          return openSessionFromDataSource(configuration.getDefaultExecutorType(), null, false);      }

openSession()方法最终实现代码如下:

    private SqlSession openSessionFromDataSource(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit) {          Transaction tx = null;          try {            // 获取configuration中的加载环境            final Environment environment = configuration.getEnvironment();            // 获取事务工厂            final TransactionFactory transactionFactory = getTransactionFactoryFromEnvironment(environment);            // 创建一个事务            tx = transactionFactory.newTransaction(environment.getDataSource(), level, autoCommit);            // 生成一个处理器,事务保存在处理器 BaseExecutor 中            final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType);            // 实例化一个 DefaultSqlSession,DefaultSqlSession实现了SqlSession接口            return new DefaultSqlSession(configuration, executor, autoCommit);          } catch (Exception e) {            // 异常情况下关闭事务            closeTransaction(tx); // may have fetched a connection so lets call close()            throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error opening session.  Cause: " + e, e);          } finally {            // 充值错误实例上下文            ErrorContext.instance().reset();          }      }

生成处理器Configuration.newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType)

    public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType) {          // 默认为 ExecutorType.SIMPLE          executorType = executorType == null ? defaultExecutorType : executorType;          executorType = executorType == null ? ExecutorType.SIMPLE : executorType;          Executor executor;          if (ExecutorType.BATCH == executorType) {            executor = new BatchExecutor(this, transaction);          } else if (ExecutorType.REUSE == executorType) {            executor = new ReuseExecutor(this, transaction);          } else {            executor = new SimpleExecutor(this, transaction);          }          if (cacheEnabled) {            executor = new CachingExecutor(executor);          }          executor = (Executor) interceptorChain.pluginAll(executor);          return executor;      }

ExecutorType.SIMPLE为例, BatchExecutor, ReuseExecutor同理:
SimpleExecutor父类图
至此,mybatis的启动流程大致简单的介绍到这里,对mybatis的启动初始化有个大致了解。接下将会针对单独模块进行详细分析。

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