python笔记42-http请求命令行工具(httpie)
- 2019 年 10 月 6 日
- 筆記
前言
通常我们需要快速的测试某个接口通不通，一般linux上用curl去发http请求，但是这个命令行工具语法有点复杂了，不够直观。 python有一个给人类使用的requests库，非常的简单方便。httpie就是基于requests开发的，给人类用的命令行工具，取代curl的绝佳工具。
环境安装
pip install httpie==1.0.3
查看版本号
C:Usersdell>pip show httpie Name: httpie Version: 1.0.3 Summary: HTTPie - a CLI, cURL-like tool for humans. Home-page: http://httpie.org/ Author: Jakub Roztocil Author-email: [email protected] License: BSD Location: e:python36libsite-packages Requires: requests, colorama, Pygments Required-by:
发送GET请求
get请求不需要带body参数，所以不带参数，会被默认识别成get请求
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info
访问后查看结果，就是这么高效！
C:Usersdell>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info HTTP/1.1 200 OK Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS Content-Length: 290 Content-Type: application/json Date: Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:21:25 GMT Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0 Vary: Accept, Cookie X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN [ { "age": 20, "create_time": "2019-09-15", "id": 1, "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" }, { "age": 444444, "create_time": "2019-09-18", "id": 6, "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" } ]
POST请求
GET请求是默认不带body部分的，那么带上body部分的参数，肯定会识别成POST请求，所以也不用声明请求类型。 一般接口是json类型的，所以头部请求参数类型Content-Type默认是application/json
接下来发个POST请求,比如我要发送的报文是这样的
POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/info HTTP/1.1 Host: 127.0.0.1:8000 User-Agent: HTTPie/1.0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept: application/json, */* Connection: keep-alive Content-Type: application/json Content-Length: 63 {"name": "yoyo", "sex": "M", "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]"}
那么用httpie的命令行只需下面简单的一行,如果参数是字符串，可以用key=value格式，如果参数不是字符串，那么用key:=value
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info name=yoyo sex=M age=20 [email protected]
C:Usersdell>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info name=yoyo sex=M age=20 [email protected] HTTP/1.1 200 OK Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS Content-Length: 95 Content-Type: application/json Date: Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:22:22 GMT Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0 Vary: Accept, Cookie X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN { "data": { "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" }, "message": "create some data!" }
json文件导入
如果json的参数较多，可以把请求参数写到一个json文件，如test.json
{ "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M", "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]" }
接下来发请求的时候，导入这个json文件就可以
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info < test.json
测试结果
D:>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info < test.json HTTP/1.1 200 OK Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS Content-Length: 95 Content-Type: application/json Date: Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:46:36 GMT Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0 Vary: Accept, Cookie X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN { "data": { "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" }, "message": "create some data!" }
—help查看配置参数
使用—help查看更多配置参数
http —help
显示详细的请求,显示请求的头部和返回的内容
http -v
只显示Header
http -h
只显示Body
http -b
下载文件
http -d
使用http代理
http —proxy=http:http://xxx:x
