#region 各类专题图均用的函数  /// <summary>  /// 获得颜色的函数  /// </summary>  /// <param name="r">红色Red</param>  /// <param name="g">绿色Green</param>  /// <param name="b">蓝色Blue</param>  /// <returns>返回颜色</returns>  private IRgbColor getRGB(int r, int g, int b)  {      IRgbColor pColor = new RgbColorClass();      pColor.Red = r;      pColor.Green = g;      pColor.Blue = b;      return pColor;  }  /// <summary>  /// 获取渲染图层  /// </summary>  /// <param name="layerName">图层名字</param>  /// <returns>图层</returns>  private IGeoFeatureLayer getGeoLayer(string layerName)  {      ILayer pLayer; //定义图层      IGeoFeatureLayer pGeoFeatureLayer; //定义要素图层  Geo？      //遍历图层      for (int i = 0; i < axMapControl1.LayerCount; i++)      {          pLayer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(i);          //若当前图层不为空且与与layerName的值相同          if (pLayer != null && pLayer.Name == layerName)          {              //强转成IGeoFeatureLayer              pGeoFeatureLayer = pLayer as IGeoFeatureLayer;              //返回pGeoFeatureLayer对象              return pGeoFeatureLayer;          }      }      return null; //返回null  }    #endregion

/// <summary>  /// 简单符号法渲染器(SimpleRenderer), 用同一个符号绘制所有特征  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sender"></param>  /// <param name="e"></param>  private void 简单符号法渲染ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {      //实例化ISimpleFillSysmbol变量, 提供简单的填充符号类型      ISimpleFillSymbol pSimpleFillSymbol = new SimpleFillSymbolClass();      //设置填充符号的样式——为呈45度的交叉线(xxx)      ///Horizontal and vertical crosshatch ++++++.      pSimpleFillSymbol.Style = esriSimpleFillStyle.esriSFSCross;      //设置填充符号的颜色——红色      pSimpleFillSymbol.Color = getRGB(96, 96, 96);      //创建边线符号变量, 提供简单的线条符号类型      ISimpleLineSymbol pSimpleLineSymbol = new SimpleLineSymbolClass();      //设置线符号样式——线呈交替虚线和双点(_.._.._)      //The line has alternating dashes and double dots _.._.._.      pSimpleLineSymbol.Style = esriSimpleLineStyle.esriSLSDashDotDot;      //设置线符号颜色——绿色      pSimpleLineSymbol.Color = getRGB(255, 0, 0);      //设置线符号宽度——1.5      pSimpleLineSymbol.Width = 1.5;      //将线符号强转成ISymbol符号变量      ISymbol pSymbol = pSimpleLineSymbol as ISymbol;      //设置符号属性ROP2为二元栅格esriROPNotXOrPen      pSymbol.ROP2 = esriRasterOpCode.esriROPNotXOrPen;      //设置填充符号外边界的样式为pSimpleLineSymbol      pSimpleFillSymbol.Outline = pSimpleLineSymbol;      //实例化简单渲染变量      ISimpleRenderer pSimpleRender = new SimpleRendererClass();      //设置pSimpleRender的符号样式      pSimpleRender.Symbol = pSimpleFillSymbol as ISymbol;      //设置标签名称, 用于设置图例      pSimpleRender.Label = "北部湾";      //设置符号描述, 用于设置图例      pSimpleRender.Description = "简单渲染";      //定义IGeoFeatureLayer变量, 提供一个要素图层对成员控制地理特征渲染的入口, 即Renderer属性      IGeoFeatureLayer pGeoFeatureLayer;      //调用函数获取渲染图层      pGeoFeatureLayer = getGeoLayer("北部湾");      if (pGeoFeatureLayer != null)      {          //调用Renderer属性, 具体说明如何通过图层要素渲染器渲染图层          pGeoFeatureLayer.Renderer = pSimpleRender as IFeatureRenderer;      }      axMapControl1.Refresh(); //刷新axMapControl1      axTOCControl1.Update(); //更新axTOCControl1  }

/// <summary>  /// 分等级法渲染器(ClassBreakRenderer), 可以用分级的颜色和符号来绘制  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sender"></param>  /// <param name="e"></param>  private void 分等级法渲染ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {      //数据分成10个等级      int classCount = 10;      //声明一个ITableHistogram变量      //该变量用于控制从表格中生成的直方图的样式      ITableHistogram pTableHistogram;      //声明一个IBasicHistogram变量      //该变量用于控制从不同数据源中生成的直方图      IBasicHistogram pBasicHistogram;      //实例化表格对象      ITable pTable;      //获取生成分级专题图的目标图层      IGeoFeatureLayer pGeoFeatureLayer;      //获取渲染图层      pGeoFeatureLayer = getGeoLayer("北部湾");      //将pGeoFeatureLayer强转成ILayer      ILayer pLayer = pGeoFeatureLayer as ILayer;      //将目标图层(要素类)的属性表强转成ITable      pTable = pLayer as ITable;      //实例化      //BasicTableHistogram采用表对象输入数据的结构(如自然断点、分位数)生成直方图。      pTableHistogram = new BasicTableHistogramClass();      //赋值pTableHistogram的Table属性字段      pTableHistogram.Table = pTable;      //确定分级字段      pTableHistogram.Field = "年";      //pTableHistogram强制转换为IBasicHistogram      pBasicHistogram = pTableHistogram as IBasicHistogram;      //先统计每个值出现的次数, 输出结果赋予values, frequencys      object values;      object frequencys;      //out参数可以在一个方法中返回多个不同类型的值      pBasicHistogram.GetHistogram(out values, out frequencys);      //创建平均分级对象      IClassifyGEN pClassifyGEN = new QuantileClass();      //用统计结果(values——值, frequences——出现频率)进行分级, 级别数目为classCount      pClassifyGEN.Classify(values, frequencys, ref classCount);      double[] classes;      classes = pClassifyGEN.ClassBreaks as double[];        //获得分级结果, 是个双精度类型数组      //注意：获得双精度数组记录条数出现不可修复性错误, 故使用以下代码修复该错误      double[] myclasses;      myclasses = new double[classCount];      //当classes不为null时      if (classes != null)      {          //遍历classes, 从后往前移一位          for (int j = 0; j < classCount; j++)          {              myclasses[j] = classes[j + 1];          }      }      //定义一个颜色枚举变量, 通过函数获取颜色带      IEnumColors pEnumColors = CreateAlgorithmicColorRamp(myclasses.Length).Colors;      IColor color;      //声明并实例化分级渲染器对象类      //该变量提供成员控制渐变色、渐变符号专题图的制作      IClassBreaksRenderer classBreaksRenderer = new ClassBreaksRendererClass();      //确定分级渲染的属性字段      classBreaksRenderer.Field = "年";      //分级数量      classBreaksRenderer.BreakCount = classCount;      //指示该专题图是否按升序显示      classBreaksRenderer.SortClassesAscending = true;      //简单填充符号(ISimpleFillSymbol)      //该变量提供对成员的访问, 控制简单的填充符号      ISimpleFillSymbol simpleFillSymbol;      //通过一个循环, 给所有渲染的等级附上渲染颜色      for (int i = 0; i < myclasses.Length; i++)      {          color = pEnumColors.Next();          simpleFillSymbol = new SimpleFillSymbolClass();          simpleFillSymbol.Color = color;          //设置填充的样式(Style)为实体填充          simpleFillSymbol.Style = esriSimpleFillStyle.esriSFSSolid;          //指定分级渲染的符号(Symbol)          classBreaksRenderer.set_Symbol(i, simpleFillSymbol as ISymbol);          //按照分级进行渲染          classBreaksRenderer.set_Break(i, myclasses[i]);      }      if (pGeoFeatureLayer != null)      {          //调用Renderer属性, 具体说明如何通过图层要素渲染器绘制图层          pGeoFeatureLayer.Renderer = classBreaksRenderer as IFeatureRenderer;      }      axMapControl1.Refresh(); //刷新axMapControl1      axTOCControl1.Update(); //更新axTOCControl1    }

/// <summary>  /// 创建规则的颜色带  /// </summary>  /// <param name="count"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  private IColorRamp CreateAlgorithmicColorRamp(int count)  {      //创建一个新渐变色带(AlgorithmicColorRampClass)对象      IAlgorithmicColorRamp algColorRamp = new AlgorithmicColorRampClass();      IRgbColor fromColor = new RgbColorClass();      IRgbColor toColor = new RgbColorClass();      //创建其实颜色对象, 采用三原色定律      fromColor.Red = 255;      fromColor.Green = 235;      fromColor.Blue = 214;      //创建终止颜色对象      toColor.Red = 196;      toColor.Green = 10;      toColor.Blue = 10;      //设置AlgorithmicColorRampClass的起止颜色属性      algColorRamp.ToColor = toColor;      algColorRamp.FromColor = fromColor;      //设置梯度类型      algColorRamp.Algorithm = esriColorRampAlgorithm.esriCIELabAlgorithm;      //设置颜色带颜色数量      algColorRamp.Size = count;      //创建颜色带      bool bture = true;      algColorRamp.CreateRamp(out bture);      return algColorRamp;  }

/// <summary>  /// 唯一值法渲染器(UniqueValueRender)——根据特征的某不同属性值来绘制该特征的符号  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sender"></param>  /// <param name="e"></param>  private void 唯一值法渲染ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {      //定义IGeoFeatureLayer变量, 提供一个要素图层对成员控制地理特征的入口      IGeoFeatureLayer geoFeatureLayer = getGeoLayer("北部湾");      //使用查询的方式, 获得参与渲染的记录条数      int get_Count = geoFeatureLayer.FeatureClass.FeatureCount(null);      //提供操作唯一值的相关成员      IUniqueValueRenderer uniqueValueRenderer = new UniqueValueRendererClass();      //设置渲染的字段个数范围：0~3个      //这里仅设置1个字段      uniqueValueRenderer.FieldCount = 1;      //设置渲染字段, 并制定到索引处      //索引从0开始; 设定渲染字段为"地市名"      uniqueValueRenderer.set_Field(0, "地市名");      //简单填充符号      ISimpleFillSymbol simpleFillSymbol;      //获得指向渲染要素的游标      IFeatureCursor pFtCursor = geoFeatureLayer.FeatureClass.Search(null, false);      IFeature pFeature;      if (pFtCursor != null)      {          //定义枚举颜色带, 调用函数, 生成随机颜色带          IEnumColors enumColors = CreateRandomColorRamp(get_Count).Colors;          //查找到"地市名"字段的索引(index)          int fieldIndex = geoFeatureLayer.FeatureClass.Fields.FindField("地市名");          while ((pFeature = pFtCursor.NextFeature()) != null)          {              //获取要素值              string nameValue = pFeature.get_Value(fieldIndex).ToString();                //实例化填充符号              //使用填充符号来赋值地图的背景值              simpleFillSymbol = new SimpleFillSymbolClass();              //给要素附上样式              simpleFillSymbol.Style = esriSimpleFillStyle.esriSFSSolid;              //给要素附上颜色              simpleFillSymbol.Color = enumColors.Next() as IColor;              //值和符号对应              uniqueValueRenderer.AddValue(nameValue, "地市", simpleFillSymbol as ISymbol);          }      }      //赋值目标图层的渲染器属性      geoFeatureLayer.Renderer = uniqueValueRenderer as IFeatureRenderer;      axMapControl1.Refresh(); //刷新axMapControl1      axTOCControl1.Update(); //更新axTOCControl1  }

/// <summary>  /// 创建随机的颜色条带  /// </summary>  /// <param name="Number"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  private IColorRamp CreateRandomColorRamp(int Number)  {      //请注意色度、饱和度、最大值、最小值、随机种子数等参数的设定      //参数不同, 所产生的色带也不同      IRandomColorRamp pRandomColorRamp = new RandomColorRampClass();      pRandomColorRamp.StartHue = 0;  //开始色度      pRandomColorRamp.EndHue = 360;      pRandomColorRamp.MinValue = 99;      pRandomColorRamp.MaxValue = 100;      pRandomColorRamp.MinSaturation = 15;    //最小饱和度      pRandomColorRamp.MaxSaturation = 30;    //最大饱和度      pRandomColorRamp.Size = Number; //设置颜色带数量      pRandomColorRamp.Seed = 23; //随机数种子      bool bture = true;      pRandomColorRamp.CreateRamp(out bture);      return pRandomColorRamp;  }

/// <summary>  /// 比例符号法渲染器(ProportionalSymbolRenderer)——用不同大小的符号绘制要素, 其大小对应某一字段值的比例。  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sender"></param>  /// <param name="e"></param>  private void 比例符号法渲染ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {      //声明IGeoFeatureLayer变量, 提供一个要素图层对成员控制地理特征的入口      IGeoFeatureLayer geoFeatureLayer;      //声明要素图层      IFeatureLayer pFtLayer;      //声明专题图变量      //在利用该方法进行着色时, 需获得最大和最小标识符号所代表的字段及其各个数值, 还需要确定每个字段数值所匹配的着色符号。      IProportionalSymbolRenderer proportionalSymbolRenderer;      //声明表格      ITable table;      //声明游标      ICursor cursor;      //用于统计变量      IDataStatistics dataStatistics;      //用于存放统计结果      IStatisticsResults statisticsResults;      //声明一个字体对象      stdole.IFontDisp fontDisp;      //获取图层      geoFeatureLayer = getGeoLayer("北部湾");      //强转为要素图层      pFtLayer = geoFeatureLayer as IFeatureLayer;      //图层类型转换成表      table = geoFeatureLayer as ITable;      //获取游标      cursor = table.Search(null, true);      //实例化数据统计对象      dataStatistics = new DataStatisticsClass();      //赋游标给数据统计对象的游标      dataStatistics.Cursor = cursor;      //获取图层要素中进行专题地图制图的字段名称, 此实例中所用的数据中字段名为"年"(2010年GDP增长速率)      dataStatistics.Field = "年";      //存放统计结果为统计对象的统计数据      statisticsResults = dataStatistics.Statistics;      //如果统计结果不为空      if (statisticsResults != null)      {          //简单填充符号          IFillSymbol fillSymbol = new SimpleFillSymbolClass();          //设置颜色          fillSymbol.Color = getRGB(195, 255, 255);          //设置简单线型符号          ISimpleLineSymbol SLS = new SimpleLineSymbolClass();          SLS.Color = getRGB(196, 196, 196);//颜色          SLS.Width = 1.5;//宽度          fillSymbol.Outline = SLS;//外边界线          //利用ESRI特殊符号调用成员进行填充          ICharacterMarkerSymbol characterMarkerSymbol = new CharacterMarkerSymbolClass();          fontDisp = new stdole.StdFontClass() as stdole.IFontDisp;          //调用指定子库(ESRI Default Marker是子库名称)          fontDisp.Name = "ESRI Default Marker";            //对characterMarkerSymbol的font属性          characterMarkerSymbol.Font = fontDisp;          //特征标记符号(Character Marker Symbol)的索引值          //0xB6是C#特殊的16进制表示方法, 换算为十进制值182          characterMarkerSymbol.CharacterIndex = 0xB6;          //特征标记符号的颜色          characterMarkerSymbol.Color = getRGB(253, 191, 110);          //设计特征标记符号的尺寸          characterMarkerSymbol.Size = 18;          //实例化一个比例符号渲染器          proportionalSymbolRenderer = new ProportionalSymbolRendererClass();          proportionalSymbolRenderer.ValueUnit = esriUnits.esriUnknownUnits;          //获取渲染字段          proportionalSymbolRenderer.Field = "年";          //是否启用颜色补偿(默认为否)          proportionalSymbolRenderer.FlanneryCompensation = false;          //赋值统计数据(比例符号渲染器)          //MinDataValue获取数据中最小值          proportionalSymbolRenderer.MinDataValue = statisticsResults.Minimum;          //获取数据中最大值          proportionalSymbolRenderer.MaxDataValue = statisticsResults.Maximum;          //在多边形特征上绘制比例标记符号时使用的背景填充符号          proportionalSymbolRenderer.BackgroundSymbol = fillSymbol;          //用于绘制具有规格化最小数据值的特征的符号。          proportionalSymbolRenderer.MinSymbol = characterMarkerSymbol as ISymbol;          //目录和图例中显示的符号数为3          proportionalSymbolRenderer.LegendSymbolCount = 3;          //创建图例, 设置完所有属性后调用。          proportionalSymbolRenderer.CreateLegendSymbols();          //赋值目标图层的渲染器属性          geoFeatureLayer.Renderer = proportionalSymbolRenderer as IFeatureRenderer;      }      axMapControl1.Refresh(); //刷新axMapControl1      axTOCControl1.Update(); //更新axTOCControl1    }

/// <summary>  /// 点状密度法渲染器(DotDensityRenderer)——在多边形特征中绘制不同密度的点  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sender"></param>  /// <param name="e"></param>  private void 点状密度法渲染ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {      //声明IGeoFeatureLayer变量, 提供一个要素图层对成员控制地理特征的入口      IGeoFeatureLayer geoFeatureLayer;      //定义点密度填充符号变量, 控制点符号的属性      IDotDensityFillSymbol dotDensityFillSymbol;      //定义点密度渲染对象      IDotDensityRenderer dotDensityRenderer;      //获取渲染图层      geoFeatureLayer = getGeoLayer("北部湾");      //实例化点密度渲染对象      dotDensityRenderer = new DotDensityRendererClass();      //强转点密度渲染对象并强转成渲染字段对象      IRendererFields rendererFields = dotDensityRenderer as IRendererFields;      //设置渲染字段      string field1 = "年";      //向渲染器添加字段(字段名、别名)      rendererFields.AddField(field1, field1);      //实例化点密度填充符号      dotDensityFillSymbol = new DotDensityFillSymbolClass();      dotDensityFillSymbol.DotSize = 4;//设置点的大小      dotDensityFillSymbol.Color = getRGB(0, 255, 0);//设置点的颜色        //将点密度填充符号强转为符号数组成员      ISymbolArray symbolArray = dotDensityFillSymbol as ISymbolArray;      //实例化简单标记符号      ISimpleMarkerSymbol simpleMarkerSymbol = new SimpleMarkerSymbolClass();      //设置点的符号为圆圈      simpleMarkerSymbol.Style = esriSimpleMarkerStyle.esriSMSCircle;      simpleMarkerSymbol.Size = 4;//设置大小      simpleMarkerSymbol.Color = getRGB(0, 255, 0);//设置颜色      //点符号的外边不填充颜色      simpleMarkerSymbol.OutlineColor = getNoRGB();      //将简单标记符号样式增加到符号数组成员中      symbolArray.AddSymbol(simpleMarkerSymbol as ISymbol);      //赋值点密度渲染(dotDensityRenderer)的点密度符号(DotDensitySymbol)属性      dotDensityRenderer.DotDensitySymbol = dotDensityFillSymbol;      //设置渲染密度      dotDensityRenderer.DotValue = 0.003;      //设置点密度填充符号的背景色      dotDensityFillSymbol.BackgroundColor = getRGB(255, 255, 255);      //创建图例      dotDensityRenderer.CreateLegend();      //赋值目标图层的渲染器属性      geoFeatureLayer.Renderer = dotDensityRenderer as IFeatureRenderer;      axMapControl1.Refresh(); //刷新axMapControl1      axTOCControl1.Update(); //更新axTOCControl1    }

/// <summary>  /// 不填充颜色  /// </summary>  /// <returns></returns>  private IColor getNoRGB()  {      IRgbColor pColor = new RgbColorClass();      //.NullColor指示此颜色是否为空。true表明颜色为空      pColor.NullColor = true;      return pColor;//返回pColor  }