Kubernetes V1.15 二進位部署集群

2019 年 10 月 6 日
筆記

1. 架構篇

1.1 kubernetes 架構說明

1.2 Flannel網路架構圖

集群功能各模組功能描述： Master節點： Master節點上面主要由四個模組組成，APIServer，schedule,controller-manager,etcd APIServer: APIServer負責對外提供RESTful的kubernetes API的服務，它是系統管理指令的統一介面，任何對資源的增刪該查都要交給APIServer處理後再交給etcd，如圖，kubectl(kubernetes提供的客戶端工具，該工具內部是對kubernetes API的調用）是直接和APIServer交互的。 schedule: schedule負責調度Pod到合適的Node上，如果把scheduler看成一個黑匣子，那麼它的輸入是pod和由多個Node組成的列表，輸出是Pod和一個Node的綁定。 kubernetes目前提供了調度演算法，同樣也保留了介面。用戶根據自己的需求定義自己的調度演算法。 controller manager: 如果APIServer做的是前台的工作的話，那麼controller manager就是負責後台的。每一個資源都對應一個控制器。而control manager就是負責管理這些控制器的，比如我們通過APIServer創建了一個Pod，當這個Pod創建成功後，APIServer的任務就算完成了。 etcd：etcd是一個高可用的鍵值存儲系統，kubernetes使用它來存儲各個資源的狀態，從而實現了Restful的API。 Node節點： 每個Node節點主要由三個模板組成：kublet, kube-proxy kube-proxy: 該模組實現了kubernetes中的服務發現和反向代理功能。kube-proxy支援TCP和UDP連接轉發，默認基Round Robin演算法將客戶端流量轉發到與service對應的一組後端pod。服務發現方面，kube-proxy使用etcd的watch機制監控集群中service和endpoint對象數據的動態變化，並且維護一個service到endpoint的映射關係，從而保證了後端pod的IP變化不會對訪問者造成影響，另外，kube-proxy還支援session affinity。 kublet：kublet是Master在每個Node節點上面的agent，是Node節點上面最重要的模組，它負責維護和管理該Node上的所有容器，但是如果容器不是通過kubernetes創建的，它並不會管理。本質上，它負責使Pod的運行狀態與期望的狀態一致。

1.3 Kubernetes工作流程

2. 環境說明

2.1 部署節點說明

主機名	IP	用途	部署軟體
k8s-1	192.168.123.211	master	apiserver,scheduler,controller-manageretcd,flanneld
k8s-2	192.168.123.212	node	kubelet,kube-proxyetcd,flanneld
k8s-3	192.168.123.213	node	kubelet,kube-proxyetcd,flanneld

2.2 作業系統環境

# 三台機器相同  [root@k8s-1 /root] master  # uname  -r  3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64    [root@k8s-1 /root] master  # cat  /etc/redhat-release  CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)    [root@k8s-1 /root] master  # sestatus  SELinux status:                 disabled

2.3 軟體包版本

軟體包	下載地址
kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz	https://dl.k8s.io/v1.15.1/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz	https://dl.k8s.io/v1.15.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz	https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.11.0/flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz	https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.10/etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz

3. Kubernetes 安裝及配置

3.1 初始化環境

3.1.1 設置關閉防火牆及SELINUX

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld  setenforce 0  vi /etc/selinux/config  SELINUX=disabled

3.1.2 關閉swap

swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0  sed -i '/ swap / s/^(.*)$/#1/g' /etc/fstab

3.1.3 設置Docker所需參數

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <<EOF  net.ipv4.ip_forward=1  net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0  vm.swappiness=0  vm.overcommit_memory=1  vm.panic_on_oom=0  fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100  fs.file-max=52706963  fs.nr_open=52706963  net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1  EOF  sysctl -p  /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf

3.1.4 安裝 Docker

# 配置yum源  cd  /etc/yum.repo.d/  wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo  yum clean all ;yum  repolist -y    # 安裝docker ，版本 18.06.2  yum  install  docker-ce-18.06.2.ce-3.el7 -y    # 啟動  systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker

3.1.5 創建相關目錄

# 創建安裝包存儲目錄  mkdir  /data/{install,ssl_config} -p  mkdir /data/ssl_config/{etcd,kubernetes}  -p    # 創建安裝目錄  mkdir /cloud/k8s/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p  mkdir /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p

3.1.6 SSH 互信配置

ssh-keygen  ssh-copy-id  k8s-1  ssh-copy-id  k8s-2  ssh-copy-id  k8s-3

3.1.7 添加 PATH 變數

vi /etc/profile  export PATH=$PATH:/cloud/k8s/etcd/bin/:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/

3.2 創建ssl證書

3.2.1 安裝及配置CFSSL

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64  wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64  wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64  chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64  mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl  mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson  mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

3.2.2 創建 ETCD 相關證書

以下操作均在/data/ssl_config/etcd/目錄中 etcd證書ca配置

cd /data/ssl_config/etcd/    cat << EOF | tee ca-config.json  {    "signing": {      "default": {        "expiry": "87600h"      },      "profiles": {        "www": {           "expiry": "87600h",           "usages": [              "signing",              "key encipherment",              "server auth",              "client auth"          ]        }      }    }  }  EOF

創建 ETCD CA 配置文件

cat << EOF | tee ca-csr.json  {      "CN": "etcd CA",      "key": {          "algo": "rsa",          "size": 2048      },      "names": [          {              "C": "CN",              "L": "Beijing",              "ST": "Beijing"          }      ]  }  EOF

創建 ETCD Server 證書

cat << EOF | tee server-csr.json  {      "CN": "etcd",      "hosts": [      "k8s-3",      "k8s-2",      "k8s-1",      "192.168.123.211",      "192.168.123.212",      "192.168.123.213"      ],      "key": {          "algo": "rsa",          "size": 2048      },      "names": [          {              "C": "CN",              "L": "Beijing",              "ST": "Beijing"          }      ]  }  EOF

生成 ETCD CA 證書和私鑰

cd /data/ssl_config/etcd/  # 生成ca證書  cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -  # 生成server證書  cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

3.2.3 創建 Kubernetes 相關證書

以下操作均在/data/ssl_config/kubernetes/目錄中 kubernetes 證書ca配置

cd /data/ssl_config/kubernetes/  cat << EOF | tee ca-config.json  {    "signing": {      "default": {        "expiry": "87600h"      },      "profiles": {        "kubernetes": {           "expiry": "87600h",           "usages": [              "signing",              "key encipherment",              "server auth",              "client auth"          ]        }      }    }  }  EOF

創建ca證書配置

cat << EOF | tee ca-csr.json  {      "CN": "kubernetes",      "key": {          "algo": "rsa",          "size": 2048      },      "names": [          {              "C": "CN",              "L": "Beijing",              "ST": "Beijing",              "O": "k8s",              "OU": "System"          }      ]  }  EOF

生成API_SERVER證書

cat << EOF | tee server-csr.json  {      "CN": "kubernetes",      "hosts": [        "10.0.0.1",        "127.0.0.1",        "192.168.123.211",        "k8s-1",        "kubernetes",        "kubernetes.default",        "kubernetes.default.svc",        "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",        "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"      ],      "key": {          "algo": "rsa",          "size": 2048      },      "names": [          {              "C": "CN",              "L": "Beijing",              "ST": "Beijing",              "O": "k8s",              "OU": "System"          }      ]  }  EOF

創建 Kubernetes Proxy 證書

cat << EOF | tee kube-proxy-csr.json  {    "CN": "system:kube-proxy",    "hosts": [],    "key": {      "algo": "rsa",      "size": 2048    },    "names": [      {        "C": "CN",        "L": "Beijing",        "ST": "Beijing",        "O": "k8s",        "OU": "System"      }    ]  }  EOF

生成 kubernetes CA 證書和私鑰

# 生成ca證書  cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -  # 生成 api-server 證書  cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server  # 生成 kube-proxy 證書  cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

3.3 部署etcd

3.3.1 配置軟體包

cd /data/install/  tar -xvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz  cd etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/  cp etcd etcdctl /cloud/k8s/etcd/bin/

3.3.2 編輯etcd配置文件

vim /cloud/k8s/etcd/cfg/etcd  #[Member]  ETCD_NAME="etcd01"  ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"  ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.123.211:2380"  ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.123.211:2379"    #[Clustering]  ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.123.211:2380"  ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.123.211:2379"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.123.211:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.123.212:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.123.213:2380"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

3.3.3 創建 etcd的 systemd unit 文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  [Unit]  Description=Etcd Server  After=network.target  After=network-online.target  Wants=network-online.target    [Service]  Type=notify  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/cfg/etcd  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/etcd/bin/etcd   --name=${ETCD_NAME}   --data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR}   --listen-peer-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS}   --listen-client-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379   --advertise-client-urls=${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS}   --initial-advertise-peer-urls=${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS}   --initial-cluster=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER}   --initial-cluster-token=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN}   --initial-cluster-state=new   --cert-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem   --key-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem   --peer-cert-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem   --peer-key-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem   --trusted-ca-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem   --peer-trusted-ca-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem  Restart=on-failure  LimitNOFILE=65536    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

3.3.4 配置證書文件

cd /data/ssl_config/etcd/  cp ca*pem server*pem /cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl

3.3.5 配置文件拷貝到節點1、節點2

cd /cloud/k8s/  scp -r etcd k8s-2:/cloud/k8s/  scp -r etcd k8s-3:/cloud/k8s/  scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  k8s-2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  k8s-3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

修改另外兩台機器配置文件

### k8s-2  cat  /cloud/k8s/etcd/cfg/etcd  #[Member]  ETCD_NAME="etcd02"  ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"  ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.123.212:2380"  ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.123.212:2379"    #[Clustering]  ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.123.212:2380"  ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.123.212:2379"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.123.211:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.123.212:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.123.213:2380"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"    ### k8s-3  cat  /cloud/k8s/etcd/cfg/etcd  #[Member]  ETCD_NAME="etcd03"  ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"  ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.123.213:2380"  ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.123.213:2379"    #[Clustering]  ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.123.213:2380"  ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.123.213:2379"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.123.211:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.123.212:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.123.213:2380"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"  ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

另外兩台機器配置完成後，啟動etcd服務，三台都需啟動。

3.3.6 啟動ETCD服務

systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl enable etcd  systemctl start etcd  #啟動ETCD集群同時啟動二個節點，單節點是無法正常啟動的。

3.3.7 檢查服務是否正常

[root@k8s-1 /cloud/k8s/etcd/bin] master  # etcdctl --ca-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.123.211:2379,https://192.168.123.212:2379,https://192.168.123.213:2379"  cluster-health  member 4c6bfb873a73368c is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.123.213:2379  member 622f71dbd55b34ce is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.123.211:2379  member f14004aa5403b07d is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.123.212:2379  cluster is healthy

3.4 部署Flannel網路

3.4.1 向 etcd 寫入集群 Pod 網段資訊

 cd /cloud/k8s/etcd/bin   etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem    --endpoints="https://192.168.123.211:2379,https://192.168.123.212:2379,https://192.168.123.213:2379"    set /coreos.com/network/config     '{ "Network": "172.18.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'

寫入的 Pod 網段 ${CLUSTER_CIDR} 必須是 /16 段地址，必須與 kube-controller-manager 的 –cluster-cidr 參數值一致；

3.4.2 部署 flannel

 cd /data/install/   tar xf  flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz   mv flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/

3.5.3 配置flannel

vim  /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld  FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=https://192.168.123.211:2379,https://192.168.123.212:2379,https://192.168.123.213:2379 -etcd-cafile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem -etcd-keyfile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

3.5.4 創建 flanneld 的 systemd unit 文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service  [Unit]  Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent  After=network-online.target network.target  Before=docker.service    [Service]  Type=notify  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq $FLANNEL_OPTIONS  ExecStartPost=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env  Restart=on-failure    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

mk-docker-opts.sh 腳本將分配給 flanneld 的 Pod 子網網段資訊寫入 /run/flannel/docker 文件，後續 docker 啟動時使用這個文件中的環境變數配置 docker0 網橋； flanneld 使用系統預設路由所在的介面與其它節點通訊，對於有多個網路介面（如內網和公網）的節點，可以用 -iface 參數指定通訊介面，如上面的 eth0 介面; flanneld 運行時需要 root 許可權；

3.5.5 配置Docker啟動指定子網段

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service  [Unit]  Description=Docker Application Container Engine  Documentation=https://docs.docker.com  After=network-online.target firewalld.service  Wants=network-online.target    [Service]  Type=notify  EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env  ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd  $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS  ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID  LimitNOFILE=infinity  LimitNPROC=infinity  LimitCORE=infinity  TimeoutStartSec=0  Delegate=yes  KillMode=process  Restart=on-failure  StartLimitBurst=3  StartLimitInterval=60s    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

3.5.6 將flanneld systemd unit 文件到所有節點

cd /cloud/k8s/  scp -r kubernetes k8s-2:/cloud/k8s/  scp -r kubernetes k8s-3:/cloud/k8s/  scp /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld  k8s-2:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld  scp /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld  k8s-3:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld  scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service    k8s-2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service  scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service    k8s-3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service  scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service  k8s-2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service  scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service  k8s-3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service    # 啟動服務(每台節點都操作)  systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl start flanneld  systemctl enable flanneld  systemctl restart docker

3.5.7 驗證fannel網路配置

[root@k8s-1 /data/install] master  # ip a  1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000      link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00      inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000      link/ether 00:0c:29:33:de:53 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff      inet 192.168.123.211/24 brd 192.168.123.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  3: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default      link/ether 1a:6f:5a:0b:c7:18 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff      inet 172.18.30.0/32 scope global flannel.1         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default      link/ether 02:42:5c:d0:df:e6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff      inet 172.18.30.1/24 brd 172.18.30.255 scope global docker0         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3.5 部署 master 節點

kubernetes master 節點運行如下組件： kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler 和 kube-controller-manager 可以以集群模式運行，通過 leader 選舉產生一個工作進程，其它進程處於阻塞模式。

3.5.1 配置 master 節點文件

 cd /data/install/   tar xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz   cd kubernetes/server/bin/   cp kube-scheduler kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kubectl /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/

3.5.2 配置 kubernetes相關證書

cd /data/ssl_config/kubernetes/  cp *pem /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/

3.5.3 部署 kube-apiserver 組件

創建 TLS Bootstrapping Token

# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '  449bbeb0ea7e50f321087a123a509a19    # vim /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv  449bbeb0ea7e50f321087a123a509a19,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

創建apiserver配置文件

vim /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver  KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true   --v=4   --etcd-servers=https://192.168.123.211:2379,https://192.168.123.212:2379,https://192.168.123.213:2379   --bind-address=192.168.123.211   --secure-port=6443   --advertise-address=192.168.123.211   --allow-privileged=true   --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24   --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction   --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node   --enable-bootstrap-token-auth   --token-auth-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv   --service-node-port-range=30000-50000   --tls-cert-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem    --tls-private-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem   --client-ca-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem   --service-account-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem   --etcd-cafile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem   --etcd-certfile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem   --etcd-keyfile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

創建 kube-apiserver systemd unit 文件

vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service  [Unit]  Description=Kubernetes API Server  Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes    [Service]  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS  Restart=on-failure    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

啟動服務

systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl enable kube-apiserver  systemctl restart kube-apiserver

查看apiserver是否運行

[root@k8s-1 /data/ssl_config/kubernetes] master  # ps -ef |grep kube-apiserver  root      5475     1  2 7月30 ?       01:57:41 /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=true --v=4 --etcd-servers=https://192.168.123.211:2379,https://192.168.123.212:2379,https://192.168.123.213:2379 --bind-address=192.168.123.211 --secure-port=6443 --advertise-address=192.168.123.211 --allow-privileged=true --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node --enable-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 --tls-cert-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem --tls-private-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem --client-ca-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem --etcd-keyfile=/cloud/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem  root      6886  2930  0 19:49 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto kube-apiserver

3.5.4 部署kube-scheduler

創建kube-scheduler配置文件

vim  /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler  KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect"

–address：在 127.0.0.1:10251 埠接收 http /metrics 請求；kube-scheduler 目前還不支援接收 https 請求； –kubeconfig：指定 kubeconfig 文件路徑，kube-scheduler 使用它連接和驗證 kube-apiserver； –leader-elect=true：集群運行模式，啟用選舉功能；被選為 leader 的節點負責處理工作，其它節點為阻塞狀態；

創建kube-scheduler systemd unit 文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service  [Unit]  Description=Kubernetes Scheduler  Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes    [Service]  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS  Restart=on-failure    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

啟動kube-scheduler服務

systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service  systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service

查看kube-scheduler是否運行

[root@k8s-1 /data/ssl_config/kubernetes] master  #  ps -ef |grep kube-scheduler  root      7269  2930  0 19:54 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto kube-scheduler  root     13970     1  0 8月02 ?       00:01:21 /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect    [root@k8s-1 /data/ssl_config/kubernetes] master  # systemctl status kube-scheduler  ● kube-scheduler.service - Kubernetes Scheduler     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)     Active: active (running) since 五 2019-08-02 18:33:11 CST; 1 day 1h ago       Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes   Main PID: 13970 (kube-scheduler)      Tasks: 10     Memory: 19.1M     CGroup: /system.slice/kube-scheduler.service             └─13970 /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler --logtostderr=tru...    8月 03 19:46:52 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:46:52.580662   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:47:03 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:47:03.578985   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:47:03 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:47:03.583437   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:48:31 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:48:31.637472   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:48:48 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:48:48.617124   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:50:00 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:50:00.589103   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:50:18 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:50:18.616574   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:52:15 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:52:15.629976   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:52:45 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:52:45.580103   13970 ...d  8月 03 19:53:56 k8s-1 kube-scheduler[13970]: I0803 19:53:56.601687   13970 ...d  Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

3.5.5 部署kube-controller-manager

創建kube-controller-manager配置文件

vim  /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager  KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true   --v=4   --master=127.0.0.1:8080   --leader-elect=true   --address=127.0.0.1   --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24   --cluster-name=kubernetes   --cluster-signing-cert-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem   --cluster-signing-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem    --root-ca-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem   --service-account-private-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem"

創建kube-controller-manager systemd unit 文件

vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service  [Unit]  Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager  Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes    [Service]  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS  Restart=on-failure    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

啟動服務

systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl enable kube-controller-manager  systemctl restart kube-controller-manager

查看kube-controller-manager是否運行

[root@k8s-1 /data/ssl_config/kubernetes] master  # ps -ef |grep kube-controller-manager  root      7759  2930  0 19:59 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto kube-controller-manager  root     13972     1  0 8月02 ?       00:10:56 /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect=true --address=127.0.0.1 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 --cluster-name=kubernetes --cluster-signing-cert-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cluster-signing-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --root-ca-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-private-key-file=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem    [root@k8s-1 /data/ssl_config/kubernetes] master  #  systemctl status kube-controller-manager  ● kube-controller-manager.service - Kubernetes Controller Manager     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)     Active: active (running) since 五 2019-08-02 18:33:13 CST; 1 day 1h ago       Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes   Main PID: 13972 (kube-controller)      Tasks: 10     Memory: 51.9M     CGroup: /system.slice/kube-controller-manager.service             └─13972 /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager --logtos...    8月 03 19:59:48 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:48.522342 ...  8月 03 19:59:48 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:48.526381 ...  8月 03 19:59:50 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:50.211112 ...  8月 03 19:59:50 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:50.455555 ...  8月 03 19:59:50 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:50.738397 ...  8月 03 19:59:50 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:50.767332 ...  8月 03 19:59:51 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:51.502835 ...  8月 03 19:59:53 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:53.567923 ...  8月 03 19:59:53 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:53.567955 ...  8月 03 19:59:54 k8s-1 kube-controller-manager[13972]: I0803 19:59:54.321341 ...  Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

3.5.6 查看master集群狀態

[root@k8s-1 /root] master  # kubectl get cs,nodes  NAME                                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR  componentstatus/controller-manager   Healthy   ok  componentstatus/scheduler            Healthy   ok  componentstatus/etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}  componentstatus/etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}  componentstatus/etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

3.6 部署node 節點

kubernetes work 節點運行如下組件： docker kubelet kube-proxy

3.6.1 部署 kubelet 組件

kublet 運行在每個 worker 節點上，接收 kube-apiserver 發送的請求，管理 Pod 容器，執行互動式命令，如exec、run、logs 等; kublet 啟動時自動向 kube-apiserver 註冊節點資訊，內置的 cadvisor 統計和監控節點的資源使用情況; 為確保安全，本文檔只開啟接收 https 請求的安全埠，對請求進行認證和授權，拒絕未授權的訪問(如apiserver、heapster)。

配置node節點

cd /data/install/kubernetes/server/bin/  scp kubelet kube-proxy k8s-2:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/  scp kubelet kube-proxy k8s-3:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/

創建 kubelet bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件

 cd /data/ssl_config/kubernetes/  vim environment.sh  # 創建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig  BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=449bbeb0ea7e50f321087a123a509a19  KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.123.211:6443"  # 設置集群參數  kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=./ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}     --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig    # 設置客戶端認證參數  kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap     --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN}     --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig    # 設置上下文參數  kubectl config set-context default     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubelet-bootstrap     --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig    # 設置默認上下文  kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

通過 bash environment.sh獲取 bootstrap.kubeconfig 配置文件。

創建 kubelet.kubeconfig 文件

vim envkubelet.kubeconfig.sh  # 創建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig  BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=449bbeb0ea7e50f321087a123a509a19  KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.123.211:6443"    # 設置集群參數  kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=./ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}     --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig    # 設置客戶端認證參數  kubectl config set-credentials kubelet     --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN}     --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig    # 設置上下文參數  kubectl config set-context default     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubelet     --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig    # 設置默認上下文  kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig

創建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

vim  env_proxy.sh  # 創建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件    BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=449bbeb0ea7e50f321087a123a509a19  KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.123.211:6443"    kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=./ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}     --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig    kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy     --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem     --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem     --embed-certs=true     --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig    kubectl config set-context default     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kube-proxy     --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig    kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

將bootstrap kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig 文件拷貝到所有 nodes節點

scp -rp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig k8s-2:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/  scp -rp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig k8s-3:/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/

3.6.2 創建kubelet 參數配置文件拷貝到所有 nodes節點

創建 kubelet 參數配置模板文件

[root@k8s-2 /root] node  # cat /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config  kind: KubeletConfiguration  apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1  address: 192.168.123.212  port: 10250  readOnlyPort: 10255  cgroupDriver: cgroupfs  clusterDomain: cluster.local.  failSwapOn: false  authentication:    anonymous:      enabled: true

創建kubelet配置文件

vim  /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet  KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true   --v=4   --hostname-override=k8s-2   --kubeconfig=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig   --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig   --config=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config   --cert-dir=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/ssl   --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"

創建kubelet systemd unit 文件

 vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service  [Unit]  Description=Kubernetes Kubelet  After=docker.service  Requires=docker.service    [Service]  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS  Restart=on-failure  KillMode=process    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

將kubelet-bootstrap用戶綁定到系統集群角色

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap     --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper     --user=kubelet-bootstrap

3.6.3 啟動kubelet服務

systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl enable kubelet  systemctl restart kubelet

3.6.4 approve kubelet CSR 請求

kubectl get csr  kubectl certificate approve $NAME  kubectl get csr  csr 狀態變為 Approved,Issued 即可

Requesting User：請求 CSR 的用戶，kube-apiserver 對它進行認證和授權；
Subject：請求籤名的證書資訊；
證書的 CN 是 system:node:kube-node2， Organization 是 system:nodes，kube-apiserver 的 Node 授權模式會授予該證書的相關許可權；

3.6.5 查看集群狀態

[root@k8s-1 /root] master  # kubectl  get  nodes,cs  NAME         STATUS   ROLES   AGE     VERSION  node/k8s-2   Ready    node    3d22h   v1.15.1  node/k8s-3   Ready    node    3d22h   v1.15.1    NAME                                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR  componentstatus/scheduler            Healthy   ok  componentstatus/controller-manager   Healthy   ok  componentstatus/etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}  componentstatus/etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}  componentstatus/etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

3.7 部署 node kube-proxy 組件

kube-proxy 運行在所有 node節點上，它監聽 apiserver 中 service 和 Endpoint 的變化情況，創建路由規則來進行服務負載均衡。

3.7.1 創建kube-proxy配置文件

vim  /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy  KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true   --v=4   --hostname-override=k8s-2   --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24   --kubeconfig=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

3.7.2 創建kube-proxy systemd unit 文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service  [Unit]  Description=Kubernetes Proxy  After=network.target    [Service]  EnvironmentFile=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy  ExecStart=/cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS  Restart=on-failure    [Install]  WantedBy=multi-user.target

3.7.3 啟動kube-proxy服務

systemctl daemon-reload  systemctl enable kube-proxy  systemctl restart kube-proxy

3.7.4 檢查服務運行狀態

[root@k8s-2 /root] node  #  systemctl status kube-proxy  ● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)     Active: active (running) since 二 2019-07-30 22:30:04 CST; 3 days ago   Main PID: 5764 (kube-proxy)      Tasks: 0     Memory: 11.8M     CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service             ‣ 5764 /cloud/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy --logtostderr=true --v...    8月 03 20:51:33 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:33.736946    5764 iptab...]  8月 03 20:51:33 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:33.740738    5764 healt..."  8月 03 20:51:33 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:33.740762    5764 proxi...s  8月 03 20:51:33 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:33.740780    5764 bound...s  8月 03 20:51:34 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:34.018700    5764 confi...e  8月 03 20:51:34 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:34.028396    5764 confi...e  8月 03 20:51:36 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:36.035812    5764 confi...e  8月 03 20:51:36 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:36.046563    5764 confi...e  8月 03 20:51:38 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:38.045395    5764 confi...e  8月 03 20:51:38 k8s-2 kube-proxy[5764]: I0803 20:51:38.061197    5764 confi...e  Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.