python筆記42-http請求命令行工具(httpie)
- 2019 年 10 月 6 日
- 筆記
前言
通常我們需要快速的測試某個介面通不通，一般linux上用curl去發http請求，但是這個命令行工具語法有點複雜了，不夠直觀。 python有一個給人類使用的requests庫，非常的簡單方便。httpie就是基於requests開發的，給人類用的命令行工具，取代curl的絕佳工具。
環境安裝
pip install httpie==1.0.3
查看版本號
C:Usersdell>pip show httpie Name: httpie Version: 1.0.3 Summary: HTTPie - a CLI, cURL-like tool for humans. Home-page: http://httpie.org/ Author: Jakub Roztocil Author-email: [email protected] License: BSD Location: e:python36libsite-packages Requires: requests, colorama, Pygments Required-by:
發送GET請求
get請求不需要帶body參數，所以不帶參數，會被默認識別成get請求
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info
訪問後查看結果，就是這麼高效！
C:Usersdell>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info HTTP/1.1 200 OK Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS Content-Length: 290 Content-Type: application/json Date: Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:21:25 GMT Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0 Vary: Accept, Cookie X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN [ { "age": 20, "create_time": "2019-09-15", "id": 1, "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" }, { "age": 444444, "create_time": "2019-09-18", "id": 6, "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" } ]
POST請求
GET請求是默認不帶body部分的，那麼帶上body部分的參數，肯定會識別成POST請求，所以也不用聲明請求類型。 一般介面是json類型的，所以頭部請求參數類型Content-Type默認是application/json
接下來發個POST請求,比如我要發送的報文是這樣的
POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/info HTTP/1.1 Host: 127.0.0.1:8000 User-Agent: HTTPie/1.0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept: application/json, */* Connection: keep-alive Content-Type: application/json Content-Length: 63 {"name": "yoyo", "sex": "M", "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]"}
那麼用httpie的命令行只需下面簡單的一行,如果參數是字元串，可以用key=value格式，如果參數不是字元串，那麼用key:=value
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info name=yoyo sex=M age=20 [email protected]
C:Usersdell>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info name=yoyo sex=M age=20 [email protected] HTTP/1.1 200 OK Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS Content-Length: 95 Content-Type: application/json Date: Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:22:22 GMT Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0 Vary: Accept, Cookie X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN { "data": { "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" }, "message": "create some data!" }
json文件導入
如果json的參數較多，可以把請求參數寫到一個json文件，如test.json
{ "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M", "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]" }
接下來發請求的時候，導入這個json文件就可以
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info < test.json
測試結果
D:>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/info < test.json HTTP/1.1 200 OK Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS Content-Length: 95 Content-Type: application/json Date: Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:46:36 GMT Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0 Vary: Accept, Cookie X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN { "data": { "age": "20", "mail": "[email protected]", "name": "yoyo", "sex": "M" }, "message": "create some data!" }
—help查看配置參數
使用—help查看更多配置參數
http —help
顯示詳細的請求,顯示請求的頭部和返回的內容
http -v
只顯示Header
http -h
只顯示Body
http -b
下載文件
http -d
使用http代理
http —proxy=http:http://xxx:x
