Linux下的yum怎麼升級?
- 2020 年 3 月 17 日
- 筆記
Linux下我們安裝軟體,可能會需要安裝各種包來支援,你可以從安裝介質中找到rpm,手動安裝,但最常用的,可能還是yum,省了很多煩惱。
但要知道yum同樣需要升級,yum怎麼升級?碰巧看到楊大師的一篇文章《LINUX環境下如何重建yum源並更新》,介紹了整個操作。
1. 備份默認的yum
# mv /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d.backup
2. 設置新的yum目錄
# mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d
3. 下載阿里yum配置到該目錄中,用wget,進行下載,
# yum install -y wget # wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
4. 重建快取
yum clean all執行效果,
[root@ethanyang yum.repos.d]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Cleaning repos: base centosplus extras updates Cleaning up everything
yum makecache執行效果,
[root@ethanyang yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 centosplus | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/13): base/x86_64/group_gz | 165 kB 00:00:00 (2/13): base/x86_64/filelists_db | 7.3 MB 00:00:08 (3/13): base/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00:08 (4/13): base/x86_64/other_db | 2.6 MB 00:00:02 (5/13): centosplus/x86_64/filelists_db | 1.2 MB 00:00:02 (6/13): centosplus/x86_64/other_db | 69 kB 00:00:00 (7/13): centosplus/x86_64/primary_db | 2.7 MB 00:00:03 (8/13): extras/x86_64/filelists_db | 216 kB 00:00:00 (9/13): extras/x86_64/other_db | 106 kB 00:00:00 (10/13): extras/x86_64/primary_db | 164 kB 00:00:01 (11/13): updates/x86_64/filelists_db | 4.0 MB 00:00:03 (12/13): updates/x86_64/other_db | 493 kB 00:00:00 (13/13): updates/x86_64/primary_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:06 Metadata Cache Created [root@ethanyang yum.repos.d]#
5. 升級所有包
yum update -y
注意:
(1) 第一次運行yum安裝軟體前,建議更新yum。
(2) yum update -y改變軟體設置和系統設置,系統版本內核都升級,需幾分鐘耐心等待。
另外,熟悉Linux的親,可能還熟悉升級方式有upgrade,這裡簡述下區別:
yum -y update:升級所有包同時,也升級軟體和系統內核; yum -y upgrade:只升級所有包,不升級軟體和系統內核,軟體和內核保持原樣。