用 Python 畫一隻福鼠！

• 2020 年 3 月 10 日
• 筆記

今年這個鼠年，儘管只是剛過了一個開頭，但現實彷彿把我們很多年才需要經歷的不好的事情，都在一瞬間拋向了我們，這個鼠年好像缺了點福氣，本節我們使用 Python 畫一隻福鼠，為大家增添點福氣，我們需要用到的是 turtle 庫。

頭部

首先，我們畫福鼠的頭部，頭部主要包括：眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、鬍子、牙齒等，程式碼實現如下所示：

import turtle    def head():      turtle.color('black')      # 臉輪廓      turtle.fillcolor('#FFE4B5')      turtle.begin_fill()      # 落筆      turtle.pd()      # 畫一個半徑為指定值的圓      turtle.circle(50)      # 提筆      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      # 移動到指定坐標位置，參數 1 代表 x 軸位置，參數 2 代表 y 軸位置      turtle.goto(50, 60)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(25, 255)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(60, 80)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-10, -200)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-50, 60)      turtle.pd()      # 按逆時針改變行進方向      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.circle(-25, 255)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-60, 80)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(10, -200)      turtle.pu()      # 眼睛      turtle.goto(10, 65)      turtle.seth(45)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-8, 360)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(13, 62)      turtle.fillcolor('black')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-4, -360)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.goto(-10, 65)      turtle.seth(135)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(8, 360)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-13, 62)      turtle.fillcolor('black')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(4, 360)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      # 鼻子      turtle.goto(-6, 45)      turtle.seth(70)      turtle.fillcolor('red')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-6, 150)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.goto(-6, 45)      turtle.seth(-70)      turtle.fillcolor('red')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(6, 150)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      # 嘴      turtle.goto(0, 40)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.pd()      turtle.forward(7)      turtle.pu()      turtle.seth(200)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-15, 60)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(0, 33)      turtle.seth(-20)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(15, 60)      turtle.pu()      # 牙齒      turtle.goto(0, 33)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.pd()      turtle.forward(13)      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.forward(6)      turtle.seth(90)      turtle.forward(13)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(6, 33)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.pd()      turtle.forward(13)      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.forward(6)      turtle.pu()      # 鬍子      turtle.goto(30, 30)      turtle.seth(8)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-40, 40)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(30, 25)      turtle.seth(-5)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-40, 40)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(30, 20)      turtle.seth(-18)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-40, 40)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, 30)      turtle.seth(172)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(40, 40)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, 25)      turtle.seth(188)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(40, 40)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, 20)      turtle.seth(196)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(40, 40)      turtle.pu()

看一下效果：

帽子

接下來給福鼠畫一頂帽子，我們打算把這頂帽子畫得古風一點，原型選了電視劇中宋朝官員的官帽，程式碼實現如下所示：

def hat():      turtle.goto(-20, 97)      turtle.pd()      turtle.seth(80)      turtle.forward(20)      turtle.seth(60)      turtle.circle(-20, 140)      turtle.seth(-85)      turtle.forward(18)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(50, 115)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(-50, 115)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.goto(19, 115)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(50, 115)      turtle.seth(0)      turtle.fillcolor('gold2')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.circle(10)      turtle.seth(90)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.seth(0)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.goto(-19, 115)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(-50, 115)      turtle.seth(0)      turtle.fillcolor('gold2')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.circle(10)      turtle.seth(90)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.seth(0)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.circle(10, 90)      turtle.pu()      turtle.end_fill()

看一下效果：

身體

我們知道福鼠本身並不是真實存在的，而是一種以動物為原型的虛擬化形象，這種形象一般都是頭部保留了動物本身的面貌，而身體是人類身體的形狀，比如：西遊記中孫悟空、豬八戒就是這樣的，這裡我們也把福鼠的身體畫成人身體的形狀，程式碼實現如下所示：

def body():      # 上半身      turtle.goto(-25, 8)      turtle.seth(240)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(150, 15)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.circle(40, 15)      turtle.circle(15, 65)      turtle.seth(0)      turtle.forward(10)      turtle.circle(10, 100)      turtle.seth(90)      turtle.circle(10, 100)      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.forward(10)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(25, 8)      turtle.seth(-60)      turtle.pd()      turtle.circle(-150, 15)      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.circle(-40, 15)      turtle.circle(-15, 65)      turtle.seth(180)      turtle.forward(10)      turtle.circle(-10, 100)      turtle.seth(90)      turtle.circle(-10, 100)      turtle.seth(0)      turtle.forward(10)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-20, 4)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(-16, -4)      turtle.goto(16, -4)      turtle.goto(20, 4)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(0, -5)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(0, -50)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, -48)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(-30, -60)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(30, -48)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(30, -60)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, -55)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(30, -55)      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, -60)      turtle.pd()      # 參數 1 為繪製顏色，參數 2 為填充顏色      turtle.color('black', 'red')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.goto(30, -60)      turtle.pu()      # 下半身      turtle.goto(-25, -60)      turtle.pd()      turtle.goto(-35, -100)      turtle.goto(-20, -100)      turtle.goto(-0, -60)      turtle.goto(20, -100)      turtle.goto(35, -100)      turtle.goto(25, -60)      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-33, -100)      turtle.pd()      turtle.color('black', 'blue')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.circle(6, 180)      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(33, -100)      turtle.pd()      turtle.color('black', 'blue')      turtle.begin_fill()      turtle.seth(270)      turtle.circle(-6, 180)      turtle.end_fill()      turtle.pu()

看一下效果：

文字

福鼠當然少不了祝福語，我找了四句：鼠你有錢、鼠你健康、鼠你快樂、鼠你幸運，最後，我們把這四個詞語分別畫在福鼠的四周，程式碼實現如下所示：

def word():      turtle.color('red')      turtle.goto(-30, 150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-10, 150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(10, 150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('有', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(30, 150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('錢', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-30, -150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-10, -150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(10, -150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('健', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(30, -150)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('康', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-90,-10)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-90, -30)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-90, -50)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('快', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(-90, -70)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('樂', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(90, -10)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(90, -30)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(90, -50)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('幸', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.goto(90, -70)      turtle.pd()      turtle.write('運', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal'))      turtle.pu()      turtle.hideturtle()

調用程式碼如下：

if __name__ == '__main__':      head()      hat()      body()      word()      # 隱藏畫筆      turtle.hideturtle()      # 停止畫筆，但不關閉窗體      turtle.done()

看一下最終效果：

總結

本文我們使用 Python 的 turtle 庫畫了一隻福鼠，不知道與大家想像中的福鼠形象一樣嗎？如果不一樣呢，大家可以自己動手把這隻福鼠修改成自己理想中的樣子。

示例程式碼：https://github.com/JustDoPython/python-100-day

PS：公號內回復 ：Python，即可進入Python 新手學習交流群，一起100天計劃！

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