Dubbo 02: 直連式

2022 年 10 月 18 日
筆記
dubbo框架

直連式

需要用到兩個相互獨立的maven的web項目

項目1:o1-link-userservice-provider	作為服務的提供者
項目2:o2-link-consumer	作為使用服務的消費者

項目1

結構

pom文件

<project xmlns="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 //maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example.dubbo</groupId>
  <artifactId>o1-link-userservice-provider</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0.0</version>

  <dependencies>
    <!--Spring依賴-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--dubbo依賴-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
      <version>2.6.2</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!--JDK1.8編譯插件-->
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

實體類：注意要實現序列化介面，數據需要通過socket網路傳輸

package com.example.dubbo.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String age;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age='" + age + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User(String id, String name, String age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User() {
    }
}

服務介面

package com.example.dubbo.service;

import com.example.dubbo.model.User;

public interface UserService {
    /**
     * 根據用戶id，獲取用資訊
     */
    User queryUserById(String id);
}

服務介面的實現類

package com.example.dubbo.service.impl;

import com.example.dubbo.model.User;
import com.example.dubbo.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    /**
     * 根據用戶id，獲取用戶資訊
     */
    @Override
    public User queryUserById(String id) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setName("橘子");
        user.setAge("21");
        return user;
    }
}

dubbo框架里的服務提供者所對應的配置文件：dubbo-link-userservice-provider.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="//dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd //dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo //dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 對外提供的服務的名稱，要具有唯一性-->
    <dubbo:application name="o1-link-userservice-provider"/>
    <!-- 服務使用的協議以及埠號 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
    <!-- 服務對外提供的介面 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.example.dubbo.service.UserService" ref="userService" registry="N/A"/>
    <!-- 對外提供的介面的實現類-->
    <bean id="userService" class="com.example.dubbo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>

</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="//xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="//xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee //xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!-- 將dubbo框架交給spring框架管理 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:dubbo-link-userservice-provider.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>

注意

由於採用的是直連方式，要把項目1，打成jar包，後面項目2會引用這個jar包

項目1打成jar包的步驟

1.將項目1的pom文件中的<packaging>war</packaging>注釋掉，這樣打包的時候默認會打成jar包
2.點擊maven項目管理中的項目1的Lifecycle里的install(操作見下圖)
3.把注釋放開

項目2

結構

pom文件：其中要根據項目1的坐標將之前把項目1打成的jar包引入項目2中使用

<project xmlns="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 //maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example.dubbo</groupId>
  <artifactId>o2-link-consumer</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0.0</version>

<dependencies>
  <!--Spring依賴-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>

  <!--dubbo依賴-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.2</version>
  </dependency>

  <!-- 對01-link-userservice-provider項目的依賴-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.example.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>o1-link-userservice-provider</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!--JDK1.8編譯插件-->
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

dubbo框架里的消費者所對應的配置文件：dubbo-link-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="//dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd //dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo //dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">


    <!-- 消費者的唯一標識-->
    <dubbo:application name="o2-link-consumer"/>
    
    <!-- 引用的遠程服務的相關資訊 -->
    <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="com.example.dubbo.service.UserService" url="dubbo://127.0.0.1:20880" registry="N/A"/>
</beans>

spring核心配置文件：application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="//www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="//www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd //www.springframework.org/schema/context //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd //www.springframework.org/schema/mvc //www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 掃描控制層 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dubbo.web.controller"/>

    <!-- 配置註解驅動 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 配置視圖解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Controller層

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    /**
     * 接收前端請求，查詢數據並返回
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getUser.do")
    public String getUser(String id, Model model){
        //獲取數據
        User user = userService.queryUserById(id);
        //存放數據
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        //返回到用戶詳情頁面
        return "userDetail";
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="//xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="//xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee //xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:application.xml, classpath:dubbo-link-consumer.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

返回給前端的用戶詳情頁面：userDetail.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>用戶詳情頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>用戶標識:${user.id}</div>
<div>用戶名稱:${user.name}</div>
<div>用戶年齡:${user.age}</div>
</body>
</html>

測試

將項目1(服務提供者)和項目2(消費者)，分別部署到tomcat伺服器上並啟動伺服器
從消費者端去訪問獲取服務

直連缺點

由於事先要把項目1打成jar包，項目2中依賴項目1的jar包，上述方式雖然實現了消費者對服務的訪問，但是上述直連方式並沒有實現服務提供者和消費者的真正分離，業務還是耦合在一個項目中(這裡是耦合在項目2里)

Tags: dubbo框架

Dubbo 02: 直連式

直連式

項目1

注意

項目2

測試

直連缺點

VirMach 便宜 VPS

QNews

Dubbo 02: 直連式

直連式

項目1

注意

項目2

測試

直連缺點

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