測試神器Swagger的應用
- 2020 年 2 月 10 日
- 筆記
在開發中我們經常會碰到這種情況:後台開發人員在開發完介面之後給前台人員調用,前台人員對介面的作用以及介面中的參數往往不懂,這樣前台不得不多次跟後台人員溝通交流,很浪費時間。但使用Swagger後,這種情況就幾乎不存在了,因為後台開發人員在寫介面的同時便把介面及參數的注釋寫好了,在Swagger頁面可以非常清楚明了的看到各個介面以及各個參數的意思。
我們先看看效果圖,下圖中明確顯示了當前訪問的介面屬於"order-controller",顯示了請求url路徑為"/orderNew/getOrder",顯示了該介面的作用為"獲取某條訂單資訊",顯示了這個介面所用到的三個參數以及三個參數的名稱以及類型。我們還可以點擊下面的"Try it out!"按鈕來進行測試。有了它,後台人員不用講解,前端人員自然能明白。

下面就說下如何使用開發工具IntellijIDEA來搭建Swagger應用。
第一步: 首先新建一個空的Maven工程
第二步:在pom.xml文件中添加如下依賴
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> <relativePath /> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
第三步:在com目錄或者其子目錄下新建一個Application類,如下圖所示。注意一定要在com或其子目錄下,否則啟動不了。

Application的程式碼如下
package com; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure .EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure .SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.builder .SpringApplicationBuilder; import org.springframework.boot.web.support .SpringBootServletInitializer; import springfox.documentation.swagger2 .annotations.EnableSwagger2; /** * test-sc * Created by Grady on 2017/4/18. */ @EnableSwagger2 @SpringBootApplication //@ImportResource("classpath:/META-INF/spring /spring-dubbo-provider.xml") @EnableAutoConfiguration//啟用自動配置 //@ComponentScan("com.filter,com.controller, com.manager,com.api.impl") public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure (SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(Application.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
第四步:在Controller中寫介面

Controller類程式碼如下
package com.controller; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * Created by dell16 on 2017/4/18. */ @RequestMapping("/orderNew") @RestController public class OrderController { @ApiOperation(value = "獲取某條訂單資訊") @RequestMapping(value = "/getOrder", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String getOrder(@ApiParam(value = "訂單編號",required = true) @RequestParam(value = "orderNo") String orderNo, @ApiParam(value = "當前頁") @RequestParam(value = "pageNum",required = false) Integer pageNum, @ApiParam(value = "每頁顯示數量") @RequestParam(value = "pageSize",required = false) Integer pageSize) { return "成功!"; } }
有了上面這四步,啟動這個工程,就可以輸入http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html#!/order-controller/getOrderUsingGET來訪問Swagger頁面了。