技術倫理需要更多的政治哲學（Computers and Society）

• 2020 年 1 月 13 日
• 筆記

目前關於自動駕駛汽車倫理的爭論主要集中在回答倫理問題的兩種方法上：道德哲學和社會科學。我認為這兩種方法都是有缺點的。我們不應該從個人道德理論中推導出答案，也不應該期望社會科學給我們完整的答案。為了補充這些方法，我們應該轉向政治哲學。我們面臨的問題是我們共同做出的集體決定，而不是根據我們每個人都有理由去珍視的東西做出的個人決定。政治哲學為我們的概念工具包增加了三個基本的關注點：合理的多元主義、人的能動性和合法性。到目前為止，在關於自動駕駛汽車道德的辯論中，這三個問題基本上被忽視了。

原文標題：Computers and Society：Ethics of Technology needs more Political Philosophy

原文：The ongoing debate on the ethics of self-driving cars typically focuses on two approaches to answering ethical questions: moral philosophy and social science. I argue that these two approaches are both lacking. We should neither deduce answers from individual moral theories nor should we expect social science to give us complete answers. To supplement these approaches, we should turn to political philosophy. The issues we face are collective decisions that we make together rather than individual decisions we make in light of what we each have reason to value. Political philosophy adds three basic concerns to our conceptual toolkit: reasonable pluralism, human agency, and legitimacy. These three concerns have so far been largely overlooked in the debate on the ethics of self-driving cars.

原文作者：Johannes Himmelreich

原文鏈接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03511