設計模式(1-2)-動態代理(newProxyInstance)
上節設計模式(1-1)-代理模式,講了代理模式的靜態代理與動態代理的寫法。本節,會從Proxy.newProxyInstance() 這個方法開始講,上一節文末的那個class文件怎麼一步步的來的。
UpanSell proxy = (UpanSell) Proxy.newProxyInstance(factory.getClass().getClassLoader(),
factory.getClass().getInterfaces(),
handler
);
上面的方法會返回一個指定介面的代理類實例
newProxyInstance
public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>[] interfaces,
InvocationHandler h)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
Objects.requireNonNull(h);
...
// 驗證許可權
...
/*
* 這裡是重中之重, 這裡會生成或去快取中拿指定的代理類
*/
Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);
/*
* Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
*/
try {
...
// 下面的邏輯就是拿到代理類的構造器 -> 檢測代理類的類修飾符是否是public, 不是就設置為可訪問 -> 返回代理類的實例
final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
final InvocationHandler ih = h;
if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
cons.setAccessible(true);
return null;
}
});
}
return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
} catch...
....
}
我們debug到getProxyClass0
private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>... interfaces) {
if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
}
// 根據loader、interfaces有對應快取,就直接返回快取的複製
// 否則,就通過ProxyClassFactory生成代理類
return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
}
可能你會問為什麼有個65535的限制,類中的注釋就解釋了為什麼
The resulting proxy class must not exceed any limits imposed on classes by the virtual machine.
For example, the VM may limit the number of interfaces that a class may implement to 65535; in that case, the size of the interfaces array must not exceed 65535.
大致意思就是JVM限制了一個類實現的方法最多是65535(JVM這塊確實頭疼,還沒開始去學習…)
繼續debug到ProxyFactory,現在不用關心怎麼從get方法到的ProxyFactory,把下一篇文章看完就明白了
ProxyClassFactory,根據指定的classLoader和interfaces生成和返回代理類的一個工廠方法
private static final class ProxyClassFactory
implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>>
{
// 所有代理的前綴名, 看到這個玩意兒就證明該類是代理類
private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy";
// 生成唯一的代理類數字,每個代理類有一個 eg, $Proxy0
private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong();
@Override
public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
/*
* 驗證使用介面名得到的類對象與介面對象是否一樣, 這個不太清楚為啥要這麼驗證。。。。
*/
Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
try {
interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
if (interfaceClass != intf) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
intf + " is not visible from class loader");
}
/*
* 驗證是否是介面
*/
if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
}
/*
* 驗證有沒有重複
*/
if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
}
}
String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in
int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;
/*
* 記錄且驗證非public的代理介面是在同一個包下的
*/
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
int flags = intf.getModifiers();
if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
String name = intf.getName();
int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
if (proxyPkg == null) {
proxyPkg = pkg;
} else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"non-public interfaces from different packages");
}
}
}
if (proxyPkg == null) {
// if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
}
/*
* Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
*/
long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
// 最後的全限定名, eg: com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0
String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;
/*
* 生成指定的代理類.重點👇
*/
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
try {
return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
} catch (ClassFormatError e) {
/*
* A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
* proxy class generation code) there was some other
* invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
* class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
* exceeded).
*/
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
}
}
}
下一篇文章會講為什麼proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
不存在對應loader與interfaces的快取時,會調用到ProxyFactory的apply()方法。
再下一篇揭露JDK動態代理是如何生成代理類的 -> ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass( proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);