Python學習案例之二維碼生成識別
- 2019 年 12 月 5 日
- 筆記
前言
在 JavaWeb 開發中，一般使用 Zxing 來生成和識別二維碼，但是，Zxing 的識別有點差強人意，不少相對模糊的二維碼識別率很低。不過就最新版本的測試來說，識別率有了現顯著提高。
對比
在沒接觸 Python 之前，曾使用 Zbar 的客戶端進行識別，測了大概幾百張相對模糊的圖片，Zbar的識別速度要快很多，識別率也比 Zxing 稍微準確那邊一丟丟，但是，稍微模糊一點就無法識別。相比之下，微信和支付寶的識別效果就逆天了。
程式碼案例
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import os import qrcode import time from PIL import Image from pyzbar import pyzbar """ # 升級 pip 並安裝第三方庫 pip install -U pip pip install Pillow pip install pyzbar pip install qrcode """ def make_qr_code_easy(content, save_path=None): """ Generate QR Code by default :param content: The content encoded in QR Codeparams :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in. If the path is not given the image will be opened by default. """ img = qrcode.make(data=content) if save_path: img.save(save_path) else: img.show() def make_qr_code(content, save_path=None): """ Generate QR Code by given params :param content: The content encoded in QR Code :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in. If the path is not given the image will be opened by default. """ qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=2, error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M, box_size=8, border=1, ) qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content) qr_code_maker.make(fit=True) img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white") if save_path: img.save(save_path) else: img.show() def make_qr_code_with_icon(content, icon_path, save_path=None): """ Generate QR Code with an icon in the center :param content: The content encoded in QR Code :param icon_path: The path of icon image :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in. If the path is not given the image will be opened by default. :exception FileExistsError: If the given icon_path is not exist. This error will be raised. :return: """ if not os.path.exists(icon_path): raise FileExistsError(icon_path) # First, generate an usual QR Code image qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=4, error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H, box_size=8, border=1, ) qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content) qr_code_maker.make(fit=True) qr_code_img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white").convert('RGBA') # Second, load icon image and resize it icon_img = Image.open(icon_path) code_width, code_height = qr_code_img.size icon_img = icon_img.resize((code_width // 4, code_height // 4), Image.ANTIALIAS) # Last, add the icon to original QR Code qr_code_img.paste(icon_img, (code_width * 3 // 8, code_width * 3 // 8)) if save_path: qr_code_img.save(save_path) else: qr_code_img.show() def decode_qr_code(code_img_path): """ Decode the given QR Code image, and return the content :param code_img_path: The path of QR Code image. :exception FileExistsError: If the given code_img_path is not exist. This error will be raised. :return: The list of decoded objects """ if not os.path.exists(code_img_path): raise FileExistsError(code_img_path) # Here, set only recognize QR Code and ignore other type of code return pyzbar.decode(Image.open(code_img_path), symbols=[pyzbar.ZBarSymbol.QRCODE], scan_locations=True) if __name__ == "__main__": # # 簡易版 # make_qr_code_easy("make_qr_code_easy", "make_qr_code_easy.png") # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_easy.png") # if len(results): # print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8")) # else: # print("Can not recognize.") # # # 參數版 # make_qr_code("make_qr_code", "make_qr_code.png") # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code.png") # if len(results): # print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8")) # else: # print("Can not recognize.") # # 帶中間 logo 的 # make_qr_code_with_icon("https://blog.52itstyle.vip", "icon.jpg", "make_qr_code_with_icon.png") # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_with_icon.png") # if len(results): # print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8")) # else: # print("Can not recognize.") # 識別答題卡二維碼 16 識別失敗 t1 = time.time() count = 0 for i in range(1, 33): results = decode_qr_code(os.getcwd()+"\img\"+str(i)+".png") if len(results): print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8")) else: print("Can not recognize.") count += 1 t2 = time.time() print("識別失敗數量:" + str(count)) print("測試時間:" + str(int(round(t2 * 1000))-int(round(t1 * 1000))))
測試了32張精挑細選的模糊二維碼：
識別失敗數量:1 測試時間:130
使用最新版的 Zxing 識別失敗了三張。
源碼
https://gitee.com/52itstyle/Python/tree/master/Day13
