【C#】反射的用法及效率對比
反射實例化類
public class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public Person(string name)
{
this.Name = name;
}
public string Say(string msg)
{
return $"{Name}: {msg}";
}
}
class Program
{
// 測試次數
const int count = 10000000;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateInstance0();
CreateInstance1();
CreateInstance2();
CreateInstance3();
CreateInstance4();
Console.Read();
}
static void CreateInstance0()
{
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Person person = new Person("張三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - new");
}
static void CreateInstance1()
{
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
object person = Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "張三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Activator.CreateInstance");
}
static void CreateInstance2()
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Person obj = (Person)assembly.CreateInstance("ConsoleTest.Person", true, BindingFlags.Default, null, new object[] { "張三" }, null, null);
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Assembly.CreateInstance");
}
static void CreateInstance3()
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Type type = assembly.GetType("ConsoleTest.Person");
object person = Activator.CreateInstance(type, "張三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Assembly.CreateInstance1");
}
static void CreateInstance4()
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
Type type = assembly.GetType("ConsoleTest.Person");
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
object person = Activator.CreateInstance(type, "張三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Assembly.CreateInstance2");
}
}
- 通過反射實例化對象,要比直接 new 要慢 50 倍左右
assembly.CreateInstance
要比 Activator.CreateInstance
慢,主要的性能損耗在 Assembly.GetType
反射調用類的方法
class Program
{
// 測試次數
const int count = 10000000;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
InvokeMethod0();
InvokeMethod1();
InvokeMethod2();
InvokeMethod3();
InvokeMethod4();
Console.Read();
}
static void InvokeMethod0()
{
Person person = new Person("張三");
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = person.Say("Hello World!");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 直接調用");
}
static void InvokeMethod1()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "張三");
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = person.Say("Hello World!");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 反射快取類調用");
}
static void InvokeMethod2()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "張三");
MethodInfo method = typeof(Person).GetMethod(nameof(Person.Say), new Type[] { typeof(string) });
Func<string, string> func = (Func<string, string>)method.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<string, string>), person);
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string result = func("Hello World!");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 使用反射創建出來的委託調用");
}
static void InvokeMethod3()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "張三");
MethodInfo method = typeof(Person).GetMethod(nameof(Person.Say), new Type[] { typeof(string) });
object[] parameters = new object[] { "Hello World!" };
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = (string)method.Invoke(person, parameters);
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 使用反射得到的方法快取調用");
}
static void InvokeMethod4()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "張三");
object[] parameters = new object[] { "Hello World!" };
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string result = (string)(typeof(Person).GetMethod(nameof(Person.Say))?.Invoke(person, parameters));
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 直接使用反射調用");
}
}
- 反射得到實例後調用方法和直接調用方法效率一樣
- 快取反射方法調用和直接使用反射調用都非常耗效率