Oracle 19C的下載和安裝部署（圖形安裝和靜默安裝）
- 2019 年 10 月 8 日
- 筆記
Oracle 19c的官網地址：
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ladbi/operating-system-checklist-for-oracle-database-installation-on-linux.html
Oracle Database 19c ，也就是12.2.0.3，最初在livesql.oracle.com上發布，是Oracle Database 12c和18c系列產品的最終版本，因此也是「長期支援」版本（以前稱為「終端版本」）。 「長期支援」意味著Oracle Database 19c提供4年的高級支援（截止到2023年1月底）和至少3年的延長支援（截至2026年1月底）。 這個擴展的支援窗口對我們的很多客戶至關重要，因為很多客戶制定了相關的升級策略。有關最新的Oracle支援計劃，請參閱My Oracle Support上的文檔ID 742060.1。截止目前，Oracle Database 19c已經可以在Oracle資料庫一體機上使用了。
Oracle12c版本的說明： Oracle12cR2=12.2.0.1 Oracle18C=12.2.0.2 Oracle19c=12.2.0.3
在MOS 官方文章：Release Schedule of Current Database Releases (文檔 ID 742060.1) 上，可以清晰的看到Oracle的版本計劃。
Oracle Database 19c 的目標
Oracle Database 19c 是大多數客戶準備要升級的版本，Oracle已將 穩定性 作為此版本的核心目標。在Oracle Database 19c中，開發人員專註於修復已知問題，而不是添加新功能。 在數年內我們已有數百人和數千台伺服器每天24小時的運行測試。測試包括資料庫的核心、安裝程式，再到組成產品的子程式及實用工具的堆棧等所有方面。目標只有一個，保證資料庫的穩定性。真正的為客戶帶來實惠。
在Linux上安裝Oracle Database 19c，需要OL7、RHEL7、SLES12及以上的更高版本。下面的內容來自官方文檔
The following Linux x86-64 kernels are supported: Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4: 4.1.12-112.16.7.el7uek.x86_64 or later Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 5: 4.14.35-1818.1.6.el7uek.x86_64 or later Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 3.10.0-693.5.2.0.1.el7.x86_64 or later Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4: 3.10.0-693.5.2.0.1.el7.x86_64 or later SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3: 4.4.103-92.56-default or later
Oracle Enterprise Linux6和RedHat Linux6並沒有出現在官方給的列表中。隨著時間的推移，不只是要升級作業系統，還要升級資料庫。要做好升級規劃。要不後期就會有意想不到的問題。19c也就是12.2.0.3，是12c系列裡面的終極版本，重在穩定！
一： Oracle19C 安裝包下載
下載地址如下：
https://edelivery.oracle.com
選擇安裝包
同意
開始下載
二： Oracle19C 圖形化介面 安裝
……
這裡可以自動跑root腳本，不需要在單獨跑root了
[root@oracle-server001 19]# /u01/app/oracle19/product/19.2.0/db_1/root.sh
[oracle19@oracle-server001 db_1]$ netca
[oracle19@oracle-server001 db_1]$ dbca
靜默部分 ：
Oracle 18c的db_home.zip安裝包大概4.25G，解壓後有 8.9G ，資料庫軟體安裝完成後有 9.4G；而Oracle 19c（V981623-01-db.zip）安裝包大概2.82G，解壓後有6.5G ，資料庫軟體安裝完成後有7G ，感覺比18c優化了很多，而且可以不需要單獨執行root.sh腳本了。
從Oracle 18c開始，在安裝資料庫軟體時，需要把壓縮文件解壓到 $ORACLE_HOME 路徑下，在此目錄下運行 ./runInstaller
創建用戶oracle19：
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G oper,dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle19 passwd oracle19 mkdir -p /u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1 mkdir -p /u19/app/oraInventory chown -R oracle19:oinstall /u19/app
創建環境變數：
vi .bash_profile umask 022 export ORACLE_SID=lhr19c export ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS" export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH export EDITOR=vi export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export ORACLE_PATH=.:$ORACLE_BASE/dba_scripts/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin #export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" --AL32UTF8 SELECT userenv('LANGUAGE') db_NLS_LANG FROM DUAL; export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus' alias rman='rlwrap rman' alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'
安裝：
cd $ORACLE_HOME unzip /V981623-01-db-19.2.0.0.0.zip
響應文件：$ORACLE_HOME/install/response/db_install.rsp
靜默安裝19c：
---靜默安裝 19c 資料庫單機軟體 /u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u19/app/oraInventory ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1 oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
靜默方式創建FS存儲方式的單實例（含一個PDB）：
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE -gdbname lhr19c -sid lhr19c -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE -numberOfPDBs 1 -pdbName lhrpdb2 -pdbAdminPassword lhr -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' -recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' -redoLogFileSize 50 -storageType FS -characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -totalMemory 2048 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE
執行過程：
[oracle19@rac18c-n1 dbhome_1]$ /u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq > oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 > oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY > UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall > INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/u19/app/oraInventory > ORACLE_BASE=/u01/u19/app/oracle > ORACLE_HOME=/u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1 > oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE > oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba > oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper > oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba > oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba > oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba > oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba > oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true > oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard... Enter password for 'root' user: [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements. CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually. The response file for this session can be found at: /u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.rsp You can find the log of this install session at: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log Successfully Setup Software with warning(s). [oracle19@rac18c-n1 dbhome_1]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE > -gdbname lhr19c -sid lhr19c > -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE > -numberOfPDBs 1 > -pdbName pdb2 > -pdbAdminPassword lhr > -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr > -datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' > -recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' > -redoLogFileSize 50 > -storageType FS > -characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 > -sampleSchema true > -totalMemory 2048 > -databaseType OLTP > -emConfiguration NONE [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. Prepare for db operation 8% complete Copying database files 31% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 32% complete 36% complete 40% complete 43% complete 46% complete Completing Database Creation 51% complete 53% complete 54% complete Creating Pluggable Databases 58% complete 77% complete Executing Post Configuration Actions 100% complete Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /u01/u19/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/lhr19c. Database Information: Global Database Name:lhr19c System Identifier(SID):lhr19c Look at the log file "/u01/u19/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/lhr19c/lhr19c1.log" for further details.
據說，19c可以這樣連接資料庫：
[oracle19@rac18c-n1 bin]$ sqlplus system/[email protected]:1521,192.168.20.12:1521/lhr19c?connect_timeout=60 SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 6 13:56:20 2019 Version 19.2.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved. Last Successful login time: Wed Mar 06 2019 13:56:05 +08:00 Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.2.0.0.0 SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> col BANNER_FULL format a80 SQL> select BANNER_FULL,CON_ID from v$version; BANNER_FULL CON_ID -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production 0 Version 19.2.0.0.0 SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDB2 READ WRITE NO
1、經過測試，Oracle 19c 可以在CentOS 7.3環境上安裝，但是在RHEL6.5上不能安裝
2、在安裝過程中可以設置root.sh腳本自動執行
