ubuntu1~16.04.9 下安裝python3.6 詳細教程（在騰訊雲伺服器上安裝實例）

• 2019 年 10 月 8 日
• 筆記

1.輸入 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6   A plain backport of *just* Python 3.6. System extensions/Python libraries may or may not work.    Don't remove Python 3.5 from your system - it will break.   More info: https://launchpad.net/~jonathonf/+archive/ubuntu/python-3.6  Press [ENTER] to continue or ctrl-c to cancel adding it    gpg: keyring `/tmp/tmpo9itxaur/secring.gpg' created  gpg: keyring `/tmp/tmpo9itxaur/pubring.gpg' created  gpg: requesting key F06FC659 from hkp server keyserver.ubuntu.com  gpg: /tmp/tmpo9itxaur/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created  gpg: key F06FC659: public key "Launchpad PPA for J Fernyhough" imported  gpg: Total number processed: 1  gpg:               imported: 1  (RSA: 1)  OK

提示 ok後就沒問題，如果顯示超時就請再一次輸入剛剛那個命令。

2.輸入 sudo apt-get update 就會出現如圖程式碼顯示在更新中。

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update  Hit:1 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease  Hit:2 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease  Hit:3 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease  Get:4 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial InRelease [18.0 kB]  Get:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages [4,760 B]  Get:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages [4,748 B]  94% [Waiting for headers]      

update命令，會訪問源列表裡的每個網址，並讀取軟體列表，然後保存在本地電腦。我們在新立得軟體包管理器里看到的軟體列表，都是通過update命令更新的。 upgrade命令，會把本地已安裝的軟體，與剛下載的軟體列表裡對應軟體進行對比，如果發現已安裝的軟體版本太低，就會提示你更新。

輸入命令 sudo apt-get install python3.6 安裝python3.6

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install python3.6  Reading package lists... Done  Building dependency tree  Reading state information... Done  The following additional packages will be installed:    libpython3.6-minimal libpython3.6-stdlib python3.6-minimal  Suggested packages:    python3.6-venv python3.6-doc binfmt-support  The following NEW packages will be installed:    libpython3.6-minimal libpython3.6-stdlib python3.6 python3.6-minimal  0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 198 not upgraded.  Need to get 4,505 kB of archives.  After this operation, 23.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.  Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y  Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libpython3.6-minimal amd64 3.6.5-5~16.04.york1 [574 kB]  Get:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 python3.6-minimal amd64 3.6.5-5~16.04.york1 [1,712 kB]  Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libpython3.6-stdlib amd64 3.6.5-5~16.04.york1 [1,989 kB]  Get:4 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 python3.6 amd64 3.6.5-5~16.04.york1 [230 kB]  Fetched 4,505 kB in 13s (330 kB/s)  Selecting previously unselected package libpython3.6-minimal:amd64.  (Reading database ... 66624 files and directories currently installed.)  Preparing to unpack .../libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.5-5~16.04.york1_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking libpython3.6-minimal:amd64 (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Selecting previously unselected package python3.6-minimal.  Preparing to unpack .../python3.6-minimal_3.6.5-5~16.04.york1_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking python3.6-minimal (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Selecting previously unselected package libpython3.6-stdlib:amd64.  Preparing to unpack .../libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.5-5~16.04.york1_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking libpython3.6-stdlib:amd64 (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Selecting previously unselected package python3.6.  Preparing to unpack .../python3.6_3.6.5-5~16.04.york1_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking python3.6 (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...  Processing triggers for mime-support (3.59ubuntu1) ...  Setting up libpython3.6-minimal:amd64 (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Setting up python3.6-minimal (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Setting up libpython3.6-stdlib:amd64 (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  Setting up python3.6 (3.6.5-5~16.04.york1) ...  ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ 

這樣就顯示python3.6安裝成功了。

但是還需要設置一下python3之間的優先順序和py2和py3的優先順序。

輸入 python 你會發現py2還是默認的python

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ python  Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec  4 2017, 14:50:18)  [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.  >>> exit()  ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ 

現在應該更改默認值，python默認為Python2，現在修改為Python3

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 100  update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python2 to provide /usr/bin/python (python) in auto mode  ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 150  update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python3 to provide /usr/bin/python (python) in auto mode

現在查看一下python

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ python  Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01)  [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.  >>> 

發現python3.5 優先於python3.6 現在我們需要更改python3.5為3.6

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.5 1  update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python3.5 to provide /usr/bin/python3 (python3) in auto mode  ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.6 2  update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python3.6 to provide /usr/bin/python3 (python3) in auto mode

現在查看一下修改成功了沒有。

ubuntu@VM-0-13-ubuntu:~$ python  Python 3.6.5 (default, May  3 2018, 10:08:28)  [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.  >>> 

你會發現python3.6是默認的python版本了。

補充問題

安裝python3.6後，發現安裝pip出現了一些問題。

輸入命令sudo apt-get install python-pip安裝pip這個問題 因為現在安裝的是python3.6所以應該是sudo apt-get install python3-pip