PAT 1028 List Sorting (25分) 用char[],不要用string
題目
Excel can sort records according to any column. Now you are supposed to imitate this function.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains two integers N (≤105 ) and C, where N is the number of records and C is the column that you are supposed to sort the records with. Then N lines follow, each contains a record of a student. A student’s record consists of his or her distinct ID (a 6-digit number), name (a string with no more than 8 characters without space), and grade (an integer between 0 and 100, inclusive).
Output Specification:
For each test case, output the sorting result in N lines. That is, if C = 1 then the records must be sorted in increasing order according to ID’s; if C = 2 then the records must be sorted in non-decreasing order according to names; and if C = 3 then the records must be sorted in non-decreasing order according to grades. If there are several students who have the same name or grade, they must be sorted according to their ID’s in increasing order.
Sample Input 1:
3 1
000007 James 85
000010 Amy 90
000001 Zoe 60
Sample Output 1:
000001 Zoe 60
000007 James 85
000010 Amy 90
Sample Input 2:
4 2
000007 James 85
000010 Amy 90
000001 Zoe 60
000002 James 98
Sample Output 2:
000010 Amy 90
000002 James 98
000007 James 85
000001 Zoe 60
Sample Input 3:
4 3
000007 James 85
000010 Amy 90
000001 Zoe 60
000002 James 90
Sample Output 3:
000001 Zoe 60
000007 James 85
000002 James 90
000010 Amy 90
題目解讀
給出N
個學生資訊和一個數字C
,每個學生的資訊包括ID
(6位數字),姓名(長度最多為8
的字元串,無空格),分數(0-100
)。根據數字C
的取值,對學生資訊按照不同策略進行排序,最終輸出排序後的學生資訊:
C=1:按 ID 遞增;
C=2:按姓名遞增,如果同名,按ID遞增;
C=3:按分數遞增,如果同分,按ID遞增。
思路分析
這不就是三種排序策略就完了嗎?
- 首先創建結構體
Student
保存學生資訊,注意name
欄位不要用string
!!!,否則你最後一個測試點會是 運行超時,實際是記憶體溢出!
其實可以想想,題目給出說明姓名欄位長度不超過10個字元,怎麼可能沒用呢,是吧! - 如何排序,因為我們使用sort()函數對整個結構體數組進行排序,自己實現的比較函數只能是這樣
int cmp(Student a, Student b)
,所以我們要把C
定義成一個全局變數,然後在這個函數中根據 C的取值進行不同的邏輯實現,當然你也可以實現三個比較函數,但我覺得沒有必要。
程式碼
題目比較簡單,程式碼注釋也挺詳細,沒什麼好說的。有個地方需要注意:學號是6位數字,輸出必須用printf("%06d", id)
格式化。
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
// 學生資訊
struct Student {
int id, score;
// string name;
char name[10];
}stu[10001];
// 根據那個欄位排序
int flag;
// 自定義比較函數
int cmp(Student a, Student b) {
// 按照ID遞增
if (flag == 1) return a.id < b.id;
// 按照姓名自增
else if (flag == 2) {
// 重名就比較ID
if (strcmp(a.name, b.name) == 0) return a.id < b.id;
return strcmp(a.name, b.name) <= 0;
} else {
// 按照分數遞增,相同就比較ID
return a.score != b.score ? a.score < b.score : a.id < b.id;
}
}
int main() {
// N 個學生
int n;
// 根據哪個欄位排序
cin >> n >> flag;
// 讀入學生資訊
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
// cin >> stu[i].id >> stu[i].name >> stu[i].score;
scanf("%d %s %d", &stu[i].id, stu[i].name, &stu[i].score);
}
// 排序
sort(stu, stu + n, cmp);
// 輸出
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
// printf("%06d ", stu[i].id);
// cout << stu[i].name << " " << stu[i].score << endl;
printf("%06d %s %d\n", stu[i].id, stu[i].name, stu[i].score);
}
return 0;
}