使用painless将ElasticSearch字符串拆分为数组

一、实现场景:

ES字符串类型字段imgs,有些历史数据是用逗号分隔的字符串,需要将历史数据拆分为数组形式。

示例:

1.构造测试数据:

创建索引并推送几条典型的历史数据,涵盖以下几种情况:

  • 逗号分隔字符串;
  • 数组类型;
  • 长度为0的字符串;
  • 空数组。
PUT test_cj/test/id_1
{
  "imgs": "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M08/C8/C9/autohomecar__ChcCQF2tFp-AVbd1AABUAEDjxME398.jpg,//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M00/C5/41/autohomecar__ChsEfF2tFp-AUNE9AABAAMdcvmc812.jpg,//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M06/C5/41/autohomecar__ChsEfF2tFp-AaGesAABUABSmyrM852.jpg"
}


PUT test_cj/test/id_2
{
  "imgs": [
    "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M08/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV6AMsb0AAD8AKsOcww068.jpg",
    "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M03/B4/5D/autohomecar__ChsEmVwGPV-AQmnZAADMAMSUUHU068.jpg",
    "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M00/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV-ABZk0AACcAItlOsc793.jpg",
    "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M07/B3/D1/autohomecar__ChsEj1wGPV-APTZEAABcACQZNGk338.jpg",
    "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M0B/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV-ASLK_AACgAO-S6mU461.jpg"
  ]
}

PUT test_cj/test/id_3
{
  "imgs": ""
}

PUT test_cj/test/id_4
{
  "imgs": []
}

2.确认一下数据。

GET test_cj/_search
[
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M08/C8/C9/autohomecar__ChcCQF2tFp-AVbd1AABUAEDjxME398.jpg,//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M00/C5/41/autohomecar__ChsEfF2tFp-AUNE9AABAAMdcvmc812.jpg,//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M06/C5/41/autohomecar__ChsEfF2tFp-AaGesAABUABSmyrM852.jpg"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : [
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M08/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV6AMsb0AAD8AKsOcww068.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M03/B4/5D/autohomecar__ChsEmVwGPV-AQmnZAADMAMSUUHU068.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M00/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV-ABZk0AACcAItlOsc793.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M07/B3/D1/autohomecar__ChsEj1wGPV-APTZEAABcACQZNGk338.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M0B/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV-ASLK_AACgAO-S6mU461.jpg"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_3",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : ""
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_4",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : [ ]
        }
      }
    ]

3.执行painless脚本

使用painless脚本更新历史数据。有几点需要注意:

  • 只更新符合某些条件的数据,可以使用_update_by_query操作,这个例子比较简单没有设置query语句。
  • 执行过程中冲突处理方式,这里使用的是conflicts=proceed,表示继续执行;
  • painless检测对象类型使用关键字instanceof;
  • painless脚本拆分字符串,想避免使用正则表达式,而是选用了StringTokenizer实现。
POST test_cj/_update_by_query?conflicts=proceed
{
  "script": {
    "source": """
    if(ctx._source['imgs'] instanceof String){
      String s=ctx._source['imgs'];
      ArrayList array=new ArrayList();
      if(!s.isEmpty()){
         String splitter = ",";
         StringTokenizer tokenValue = new StringTokenizer(s, splitter);
         while (tokenValue.hasMoreTokens()) {
            array.add(tokenValue.nextToken());
         }
      }
     ctx._source.imgs=array;
    }
"""
  }
}

4.如果更新数据量较大,需要执行一段时间,期间查看执行进度:

GET _tasks?detailed=true&actions=*byquery

5.查看执行结果。

GET test_cj/_search
[
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : [
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M08/C8/C9/autohomecar__ChcCQF2tFp-AVbd1AABUAEDjxME398.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M00/C5/41/autohomecar__ChsEfF2tFp-AUNE9AABAAMdcvmc812.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g27/M06/C5/41/autohomecar__ChsEfF2tFp-AaGesAABUABSmyrM852.jpg"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : [
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M08/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV6AMsb0AAD8AKsOcww068.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M03/B4/5D/autohomecar__ChsEmVwGPV-AQmnZAADMAMSUUHU068.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M00/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV-ABZk0AACcAItlOsc793.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M07/B3/D1/autohomecar__ChsEj1wGPV-APTZEAABcACQZNGk338.jpg",
            "//img2.autoimg.cn/hscdfs/g1/M0B/83/34/autohomecar__ChcCQ1wGPV-ASLK_AACgAO-S6mU461.jpg"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_3",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : [ ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test_cj",
        "_type" : "test",
        "_id" : "id_4",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "imgs" : [ ]
        }
      }
    ]