机械是否将拥有自主意识？

• 2020 年 4 月 3 日
• 笔记

人工智能人或者人工智能机械是否会拥有自我意识这一问题已经成为一个哲学问题，经过很长时间的谈论。主要的问题是自我意识不能从外部感知中观察到，而且如何区分它们是真的拥有自我意识还是仅仅只是一个看起来拥有自我意识的聪明程序，这需要了解机械学中的准确知识，和机械的内部原理才能知道。

我们回顾了最近最新的相关进展，并调查了常见的机械学习方式，来了解他们拥有自我意识的可能性。我们发现人们已经设计出了许多重要的算法，来使机械拥有核心意识，但如果要达到人类只能的水平，则还需要研发更多的技术。

原文标题：Will we ever have Conscious Machines?

The question of whether artificial beings or machines could become self-aware or consciousness has been a philosophical question for centuries. The main problem is that self-awareness cannot be observed from an outside perspective and the distinction of whether something is really self-aware or merely a clever program that pretends to do so cannot be answered without access to accurate knowledge about the mechanism's inner workings.

We review the current state-of-the-art regarding these developments and investigate common machine learning approaches with respect to their potential ability to become self-aware. We realise that many important algorithmic steps towards machines with a core consciousness have already been devised. For human-level intelligence, however, many additional techniques have to be discovered.

原文链接：

https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.14132

原文作者：Patrick Krauss, Andreas Maier