技术伦理需要更多的政治哲学（Computers and Society）

• 2020 年 1 月 13 日
• 笔记

目前关于自动驾驶汽车伦理的争论主要集中在回答伦理问题的两种方法上：道德哲学和社会科学。我认为这两种方法都是有缺点的。我们不应该从个人道德理论中推导出答案，也不应该期望社会科学给我们完整的答案。为了补充这些方法，我们应该转向政治哲学。我们面临的问题是我们共同做出的集体决定，而不是根据我们每个人都有理由去珍视的东西做出的个人决定。政治哲学为我们的概念工具包增加了三个基本的关注点：合理的多元主义、人的能动性和合法性。到目前为止，在关于自动驾驶汽车道德的辩论中，这三个问题基本上被忽视了。

原文标题：Computers and Society：Ethics of Technology needs more Political Philosophy

原文：The ongoing debate on the ethics of self-driving cars typically focuses on two approaches to answering ethical questions: moral philosophy and social science. I argue that these two approaches are both lacking. We should neither deduce answers from individual moral theories nor should we expect social science to give us complete answers. To supplement these approaches, we should turn to political philosophy. The issues we face are collective decisions that we make together rather than individual decisions we make in light of what we each have reason to value. Political philosophy adds three basic concerns to our conceptual toolkit: reasonable pluralism, human agency, and legitimacy. These three concerns have so far been largely overlooked in the debate on the ethics of self-driving cars.

原文作者：Johannes Himmelreich

原文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03511