linux 命令英文全稱

• 2020 年 4 月 2 日
• 筆記

su：Swith user  切換用戶，切換到root用戶 cat: Concatenate  串聯 uname: Unix name  系統名稱 df: Disk free  空餘硬盤 du: Disk usage 硬盤使用率 chown: Change owner 改變所有者 chgrp: Change group 改變用戶組 ps：Process Status  進程狀態 tar：Tape archive 解壓文件 chmod: Change mode 改變模式 umount: Unmount 卸載 ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出動態相依 insmod：Install module 安裝模塊 rmmod：Remove module 刪除模塊 lsmod：List module 列表模塊 alias :Create your own name for a command bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell  linux內核 grep:global regular expression print httpd :Start Apache ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts reboot: Restart your computer sudo:Superuser do /bin = BINaries /dev = DEVices /etc = ETCetera /lib = LIBrary /proc = PROCesses /sbin = Superuser BINaries /tmp = TeMPorary /usr = Unix Shared Resources /var = VARiable ? FIFO = First In, First Out GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader IFS = Internal Field Seperators LILO = LInux LOader MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL = Structured Query Language PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor PS = Prompt String Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" Python Monty Python's Flying Circus Tcl = Tool Command Language Tk = ToolKit VT = Video Terminal YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool apache = "a patchy" server apt = Advanced Packaging Tool ar = archiver as = assembler bash = Bourne Again SHell bc = Basic (Better) Calculator bg = BackGround cal = CALendar cat = CATenate cd = Change Directory chgrp = CHange GRouP chmod = CHange MODe chown = CHange OWNer chsh = CHange SHell cmp = compare cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture comm = common cp = CoPy cpio = CoPy In and Out cpp = C Pre Processor cups = Common Unix Printing System cvs = Current Version System daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor dc = Desk Calculator dd = Disk Dump df = Disk Free diff = DIFFerence dmesg = diagnostic message du = Disk Usage ed = editor egrep = Extended GREP elf = Extensible Linking Format elm = ELectronic Mail emacs = Editor MACroS eval = EVALuate ex = EXtended exec = EXECute fd = file descriptors fg = ForeGround fgrep = Fixed GREP fmt = format fsck = File System ChecK fstab = FileSystem TABle fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager gawk = GNU AWK gpg = GNU Privacy Guard groff = GNU troff hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer joe = Joe's Own Editor ksh = Korn SHell lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder lex = LEXical analyser lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses ln = LiNk lpr = Line PRint ls = list lsof = LiSt Open Files m4 = Macro processor Version 4 man = MANual pages mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK mc = Midnight Commander mkfs = MaKe FileSystem mknod = MaKe NODe motd = Message of The Day mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa mtab = Mount TABle mv = MoVe nano = Nano's ANOther editor nawk = New AWK nl = Number of Lines nm = names nohup = No HangUP nroff = New ROFF od = Octal Dump passwd = PASSWorD pg = pager pico = PIne's message COmposition editor pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm" ping =  Packet InterNet Grouper pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability popd = POP Directory pr = pre printf = PRINT Formatted ps = Processes Status pty = pseudo tty pushd = PUSH Directory pwd = Print Working Directory rc = runcom = run command, shell rev = REVerse rm = ReMove rn = Read News roff = RunOFF rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager rsh, rlogin, = Remote rxvt = ouR XVT sed = Stream EDitor seq = SEQuence shar = SHell ARchive slrn = S-Lang rn ssh = Secure SHell ssl = Secure Sockets Layer stty = Set TTY su = Substitute User svn = SubVersioN tar = Tape ARchive tcsh = TENEX C shell telnet = TEminaL over Network termcap = terminal capability terminfo = terminal information tr = traslate troff = Typesetter new ROFF tsort = Topological SORT tty = TeleTypewriter twm = Tom's Window Manager tz = TimeZone udev = Userspace DEV ulimit = User's LIMIT umask = User's MASK uniq = UNIQue vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient vim = Vi IMproved wall = write all wc = Word Count wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator xargs = eXtended ARGuments xdm = X Display Manager xlfd = X Logical Font Description xmms = X Multimedia System xrdb = X Resources DataBase xwd = X Window Dump yacc = yet another compiler compiler

File/Directory Basics

ls List files

cp Copy files

mv Rename files

rm Delete files

ln Link files

cd Change directory

pwd Print current directory

name

mkdir Create directory

rmdir Delete directory

File Viewing

cat View files

less Page through files

head View file beginning

tail View file ending

nl Number lines

od View binary data

xxd View binary data

gv View Postscript/PDF files

xdvi View TeX DVI files

File Creation and Editing

emacs Text editor

vim Text editor

umask Set default file

protections

soffice Edit Word/Excel/

PowerPoint docs

abiword   Edit Word documents

gnumeric   Edit Excel documents

File Properties

stat Display file attributes

wc Count bytes/words/lines

du Measure disk usage

file Identify file types

touch Change file timestamps

chown Change file owner

chgrp Change file group

chmod Change file protections

chattr Change advanced file

attributes

lsattr List advanced file

attributes

File Location

find Locate files

slocate Locate files via index

which Locate commands

whereis Locate standard files

File Text Manipulation

grep Search text for matching

lines

cut Extract columns

paste Append columns

tr Translate characters

sort Sort lines

uniq Locate identical lines

tee Copy stdin to a file and

to stdout simultaneously

File Compression

gzip Compress files

(GNU Zip)

compress Compress files (Unix)

bzip2 Compress files (BZip2)

zip Compress files

(Windows Zip)

File Comparison

diff Compare files line by line

comm Compare sorted files

cmp Compare files byte

by byte

md5sum Compute checksums

Disks and Filesystems

df   Show free disk space

mount Make a disk accessible

fsck Check a disk for errors

sync Flush disk caches

Backups and Remote Storage

mt Control a tape drive

dump Back up a disk

restore Restore a dump

tar Read/write tape archives

cdrecord Burn a CD

rsync Mirror a set of files

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool ar = archiver as = assembler awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三個作者的姓的第一個字母 bash = Bourne Again SHell bc = Basic (Better) Calculator bg = BackGround bin = BINaries（binary) cal = CALendar calendar cat = CATenate cd = Change Directory chgrp = CHange GRouP chmod = CHange MODe chown = CHange OWNer chsh = CHange SHell cmp = compare cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture comm = common cp = CoPy cpio = CoPy In and Out cpp = C Pre Processor cron = Chronos 希臘文時間 cups = Common Unix Printing System cvs = Current Version System daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor dc = Desk Calculator dd = Disk Dump df = Disk Free diff = DIFFerence dmesg = diagnostic message du = Disk Usage ed = editor egrep = Extended GREP elf = Extensible Linking Format elm = ELectronic Mail emacs = Editor MACroS eval = EVALuate ex = EXtended exec = EXECute/dev = devices fd = file descriptors fg = ForeGround fgrep = Fixed GREP Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell fmt = format fsck = File System ChecK fstab = FileSystem TABle FIFO = First In, First Out gawk = GNU AWK gpg = GNU Privacy Guard groff = GNU troff GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer IFS = Internal Field Seperators joe = Joe's Own Editor ksh = Korn SHell lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder lex = LEXical analyser lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses ln = LiNk lpr = Line PRint ls = list lsof = LiSt Open Files LILO = LInux LOader m4 = Macro processor Version 4 man = MANual pages mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK mc = Midnight Commander MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions mkfs = MaKe FileSystem mknod = MaKe NODe motd = Message of The Day mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa mtab = Mount TABle mv = MoVe nano = Nano's ANOther editor nawk = New AWK nl = Number of Lines nm = names nohup = No HangUP nroff = New ROFF od = Octal Dump passwd = PASSWorD pg = pager pico = PIne's message COmposition editor pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm" ping = Packet InterNet Groper pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability popd = POP Directory pr = pre printf = PRINT Formatted ps = Processes Status pty = pseudo tty pushd = PUSH Directory pwd = Print Working Directory rc = runcom = run command, rc還是plan9的shell rev = REVerse rm = ReMove rn = Read News roff = RunOFF rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote rxvt = ouR XVT sed = Stream EDitor seq = SEQuence shar = SHell ARchive slrn = S-Lang rn ssh = Secure SHell ssl = Secure Sockets Layer stty = Set TTY su = Substitute User 或 Switch User（前者較常見） sudo = superuser / substitue user do svn = SubVersioN tar = Tape ARchive tcsh = TENEX C shell tee = T (T形水管接口) telnet = TEminaL over Network termcap = terminal capability terminfo = terminal information tex = 希臘文art tr = traslate troff = Typesetter new ROFF tsort = Topological SORT tty = TeleTypewriter twm = Tom's Window Manager tz = TimeZone udev = Userspace DEV ulimit = User's LIMIT umask = User's MASK uniq = UNIQue vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient vim = Vi IMproved wall = write all wc = Word Count wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator xargs = eXtended ARGuments xdm = X Display Manager xlfd = X Logical Font Description xmms = X Multimedia System xrdb = X Resources DataBase xwd = X Window Dump yacc = yet another compiler compiler YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool 附部分目錄的全稱： /dev = devices /etc = ETCetera etcetera /lib = LIBrary /proc = PROCesses /sbin = Superuser BINaries /tmp = TeMPorary /usr = Unix Shared Resources /var = VARiable

man: Manual   意思是手冊，可以用這個命令查詢其他命令的用法。

pwd：Print working directory   意思是密碼。

su：Swith user  切換用戶，切換到root用戶

cd：Change directory 切換目錄

ls：List files  列出目錄下的文件

ps：Process Status  進程狀態

mkdir：Make directory  建立目錄

rmdir：Remove directory  移動目錄

mkfs: Make file system  建立文件系統

fsck：File system check  文件系統檢查

cat: Concatenate  串聯

uname: Unix name  系統名稱

df: Disk free  空餘硬盤

du: Disk usage 硬盤使用率

lsmod: List modules  列表模塊

mv: Move file  移動文件

rm: Remove file  刪除文件

cp: Copy file  複製文件

ln: Link files  鏈接文件

fg: Foreground 前景

bg: Background 背景

chown: Change owner 改變所有者

chgrp: Change group 改變用戶組

chmod: Change mode 改變模式

umount: Unmount 卸載

dd: 本來應根據其功能描述「Convert an copy」命名為「cc」，但「cc」已經被用以代表「C Complier」，所以命名為「dd」

tar：Tape archive 解壓文件

ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出動態相依

insmod：Install module 安裝模塊

rmmod：Remove module 刪除模塊

lsmod：List module 列表模塊