python模塊學習(queue模塊的Q
- 2020 年 1 月 6 日
- 筆記
學習版本3.5.2
PriorityQueue類和LifoQueue類繼承Queue類然後重寫了_init、_qsize、_put、_get這四個類的私有方法
Queue:先進先出隊列的同步實現,通過雙向列表實現的
# Initialize the queue representation def _init(self, maxsize): self.queue = deque() def _qsize(self): return len(self.queue) # Put a new item in the queue def _put(self, item): self.queue.append(item) # Get an item from the queue def _get(self): return self.queue.popleft()
PriorityQueue:優先隊列的同步實現,通過堆實現
def _init(self, maxsize): self.queue = [] def _qsize(self): return len(self.queue) def _put(self, item): heappush(self.queue, item) def _get(self): return heappop(self.queue)
LifoQueue:後進先出隊列的同步實現,通過list來實現的
def _init(self, maxsize): self.queue = [] def _qsize(self): return len(self.queue) def _put(self, item): self.queue.append(item) def _get(self): return self.queue.pop()
__init__(self, maxsize=0) 初始化隊列長度,maxsize為0的時候長度為無限
empty(self) 返回隊列是否為空
full(self) 返回隊列是否為滿
qsize(self) 返回隊列的大小(並不可靠)
get(self, block=True, timeout=None) 從隊頭獲取並刪除元素,block為true:timeout為None時候,阻塞當前線程直到隊列中有可用元素;timeout為非負時候,等了timeout的時間還沒有可用元素時候拋出一個Empty異常;block為false:timeout為None時候,隊列為空則拋出Empty異常;timeout為非負時候,等待timeout時候後沒有可用元素則拋出Empty異常。
get_nowait(self) #return self.get(block=False)
put(self, item, block=True, timeout=None) 在隊尾插入一個元素,block為true:timeout為None時候,阻塞當前線程直到隊列中有可用位置;timeout為非負時候,等了timeout時間還沒有可用位置時候拋出一個Full異常;block為false:timeout為None時候,隊列沒有位置則拋出Full異常;timeout為非負時候,等待timeout時候後還是沒有可用位置則拋出Full異常。
put_nowait(self, item) #return self.put(item, block=False)
join(self) 阻塞當前線程直到隊列的任務全部完成了
task_done(self) 通知隊列任務的完成情況,當完成時候喚醒被join阻塞的線程
實驗代碼
#/usr/bin/python3 # -*- utf-8 -*- #學習版本3.5.2 import threading import time import queue que = queue.Queue(5) #que = queue.PriorityQueue(5) #que = queue.LifoQueue(5) def que_put(item): que.put(item) print("put", item) time.sleep(1) def que_get(): item = que.get() print("get", item) que.task_done() def que_join(): que.join() print("task was done") if __name__ == "__main__": putthreadlist = [] getthreadlist = [] tlist = [4,5,6,1,2,3] for i in tlist: putthreadlist.append(threading.Thread(target=que_put,args=(i,))) for i in range(6): getthreadlist.append(threading.Thread(target=que_get)) for tl in putthreadlist: tl.start() threading.Thread(target=que_join).start() for tl in getthreadlist: tl.start() print("main")
運行結果
put 4 put 5 put 6 put 1 put 2 get 4 put 3 get 5 get 6 get 1 get 2 get 3 main task was done
que = queue.PriorityQueue(5)時候的運行結果
put 4 put 5 put 6 put 1 put 2 get 1 put 3 get 2 get 3 get 4 get 5 get 6 main task was done
que = queue.LifoQueue(5)時候的運行結果
put 4 put 5 put 6 put 1 put 2 get 2 put 3 get 3 get 1 get 6 get 5 get 4 main task was done