Linux下MySQL多實例部署記錄
- 2021 年 8 月 17 日
- 筆記
- Linux MySQL, Linux 實例
什麼是MySQL多實例
- 簡單地說，Mysql多實例就是在一台服務器上同時開啟多個不同的服務端口（3306、3307），同時運行多個Mysql服務進程，這些服務進程通過不同的socket監聽不同的服務端口來提供服務。
- 這些Mysql多實例公用一套Mysql安裝程序，使用不同的my.cnf（也可以相同）配置文件，啟動程序（也可以相同）和數據文件。在提供服務時，多實例 Mysql在邏輯上看來是各自獨立的，它們根據配置文件的對應設定值，獲得服務器相應數量的硬件資源。
- 打個比方，Mysql多實例就相當於房子的多個卧室，每個實例可以看作一間卧室，整個服務器就是一套房子，服務器的硬件資源（cpu、mem、disk）、軟件資源（centos操作系統）可以看作房子的衛生間、客廳，是房子的公用資源。
MySQL多實例優缺點：
- 1、有效利用服務器資源：當單個服務器資源有空剩餘時，可以充分利用剩餘的資源創建更多的MySQL實例提供更多的服務。
- 2、節約服務器資源：當公司資金緊張，但是數據庫又需要多個並且需各自盡量獨立提供服務或者需要主從同步等，MySQL多實例就再好不過了。
- 3、資源相互爭搶問題：當某個服務實例並發很高或者有慢查詢時，整個實例會消耗更多的內存、CPU、磁盤、IO資源，導致服務器上的其它實例提供服務的質量下降，這就相當於大家在一個房子的不同卧室（MySQL實例），需要上廁所（硬件的CPU、內存、磁盤的IO資源）時，一個佔用了廁所，其他人都要等待。
Mysql多實例安裝指南：
具體詳細參考官網 （//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/installing.html）
- mysql的安裝方法有多種，如二進制安裝、源碼編譯安裝、yum安裝;
- yum安裝都是默認路徑，安裝相對簡單；
- 源碼安裝編譯的過程比較長，若沒有對源碼進行修改且要求使用mysql較高版本；
準備環境。
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
[root@mysql-multi ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64
[root@mysql-multi ~]# hostname -I
172.16.70.37
[root@mysql-multi ~]# getenforce
Permissive
[root@mysql-multi ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Jul 23 14:36:11 mysql-multi systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 23 14:36:12 mysql-multi systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Jul 23 15:09:10 mysql-multi systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 23 15:09:11 mysql-multi systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
# CentOS 7 版本的系統默認自帶安裝了MariaDB，需要先清理
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
或
[root@mysql-multi ~]# yum list installed | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 @anaconda
# 卸載
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
或
[root@mysql-multi ~]# yum -y remove mariadb-libs.x86_64
安裝並配置MySQL多實例。
- YUM源安裝方式如下：
官網rpm包下載：//downloads.mysql.com/archives/community，選擇下載適合的版本。
# 將rpm包上傳至服務器
[root@mysql-multi ~]# yum install libaio lrzsz tree net-tools -y
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls
mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
# 必須按照順序執行安裝操作
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql-multi ~]# yum list installed | grep mysql
mysql-community-client.x86_64 5.7.34-1.el7 installed
mysql-community-common.x86_64 5.7.34-1.el7 installed
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 5.7.34-1.el7 installed
mysql-community-server.x86_64 5.7.34-1.el7 installed
# 創建實例目錄
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mkdir -p /data/app/mysql/{3306,3307}
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mkdir -p /data/app/mysql/3306/{data,binlog,logs}
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mkdir -p /data/app/mysql/3307/{data,binlog,logs}
[root@mysql-multi ~]# tree /data/app/mysql/
/data/app/mysql/
├── 3306
│ ├── binlog
│ ├── data
│ └── logs
└── 3307
├── binlog
├── data
└── logs
# 設置目錄屬主屬組
[root@mysql-multi ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/app/mysql
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls -ld /data/app/mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 30 Jul 29 18:39 /data/app/mysql
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls -ld /data/app
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Jul 29 18:39 /data/app
# 新增配置文件my3306.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf_bak
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /etc/my3306.cnf
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 3306
datadir = /data/app/mysql/3306/data
socket = /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock
symbolic-links = 0
log-error = /data/app/mysql/3306/logs/mysqld3306.log
pid-file = /data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
# 新增配置文件my3307.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cp /etc/my3306.cnf /etc/my3307.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3307/g' /etc/my3307.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /etc/my3307.cnf
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3307
server_id = 3307
datadir = /data/app/mysql/3307/data
socket = /data/app/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock
symbolic-links = 0
log-error = /data/app/mysql/3307/logs/mysqld3307.log
pid-file = /data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
# 備份mysql啟動服務文件
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mv /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service_bak
# 新增mysqld3306.service啟動文件
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd_3306 3306
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
# 新增mysqld3307.service啟動文件
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service
[root@mysql-multi ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3307/g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd_3307 3307
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
# 初始化多實例3306，3307
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/app/mysql/3306/data
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/app/mysql/3307/data
# 啟動多實例3306，3307
[root@mysql-multi ~]# systemctl start mysqld3306
[root@mysql-multi ~]# systemctl start mysqld3307
[root@mysql-multi ~]# netstat -nutpl | grep mysql
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 128270/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 128328/mysqld
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql 128270 1 1 11:43 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
mysql 128328 1 1 11:43 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
root 128373 949 0 11:43 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
======================================== 【 再新增一MySQL實例 】===================================================================
# 創建目錄，設置屬主屬組
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mkdir -p /data/app/mysql/3308/{data,binlog,logs}
[root@mysql-multi ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/app/mysql/3308
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls -ld /data/app/mysql/3308
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 44 Aug 5 14:45 /data/app/mysql/3308
# 新增配置文件my3308.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cp /etc/my3306.cnf /etc/my3308.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /etc/my3308.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /etc/my3308.cnf
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3308
server_id = 3308
datadir = /data/app/mysql/3308/data
socket = /data/app/mysql/3308/mysql3308.sock
symbolic-links = 0
log-error = /data/app/mysql/3308/logs/mysqld3308.log
pid-file = /data/app/mysql/3308/mysqld3308.pid
# 新增mysqld3308.service啟動文件
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service
[root@mysql-multi ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server 3308
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/app/mysql/3308/mysqld3308.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd_3308 3308
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3308/mysqld3308.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
# 初始化多實例3308
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/app/mysql/3308/data
# 啟動多實例3308
[root@mysql-multi ~]# systemctl start mysqld3308
[root@mysql-multi ~]# netstat -nutpl | grep mysql
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 5062/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 5098/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3308 :::* LISTEN 5189/mysqld
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql 5062 1 0 14:43 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
mysql 5098 1 0 14:44 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
mysql 5189 1 4 14:57 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3308/mysqld3308.pid
- 源碼編譯安裝方式如下：
MySQL下載：//downloads.mysql.com/archives/community
Boost下載：//sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0
MySQL多實例：//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/multiple-servers.html
# 依賴包和編譯軟件
[root@mysql-multi ~]# yum install -y cmake make gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel wget lrzsz tree
[root@mysql-multi ~]# rpm -qa ncurses-devel libaio-devel
libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
ncurses-devel-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64
# 下載上傳源碼包並解壓編譯安裝（最好內存>8G）
ls[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls
boost_1_59_0.tar.gz mysql-boost-5.7.34.tar.gz
[root@mysql-multi ~]# tar xf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@mysql-multi ~]# tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.34.tar.gz
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls
boost_1_59_0 boost_1_59_0.tar.gz mysql-5.7.34 mysql-boost-5.7.34.tar.gz
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cd mysql-5.7.34/
[root@mysql-multi mysql-5.7.34]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/root/boost_1_59_0 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
......
......最末尾顯示如下內容，則完成
-- CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/mysql-5.7.34
選項說明：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql # mysql安裝目錄
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 # 數據庫默認字符編碼
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 # 允許從本文件導入數據
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 # 提供systemd腳本
-DWITH_BOOST=/root/boost_1_59_0 # boost源路徑
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all # 安裝所有字符集
[root@mysql-multi mysql-5.7.34]#make -j 4 && make install # make -j 4 表示用CPU4核心同時進行編譯：cat /proc/cpuinfo|grep "processor"|wc -l
......
......最末尾顯示如下內容，則完成
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/app/mysql/mysql-test/mysql-test-run
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/my_safe_process
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/app/mysql/mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/my_safe_process
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/Base.pm
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/support-files/mysql-log-rotate
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/support-files/magic
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/share/aclocal/mysql.m4
-- Installing: /usr/local/app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
# 創建實例目錄
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mkdir -p /data/app/mysql/{3306,3307}/{data,binlog,logs}
[root@mysql-multi ~]# tree /data/app/mysql
/data/app/mysql
├── 3306
│ ├── binlog
│ ├── data
│ └── logs
└── 3307
├── binlog
├── data
└── logs
# 創建用戶,設置目錄屬主屬組
[root@mysql-multi ~]# useradd -M -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@mysql-multi ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/app/mysql
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ls -ld /data/app/mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 30 Aug 5 12:17 /data/app/mysql
# 新增配置文件my3306.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf_bak
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /etc/my3306.cnf
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/app/mysql/3306/data
socket = /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock
symbolic-links = 0
log-error = /data/app/mysql/3306/logs/mysqld3306.log
pid-file = /data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
character_set_server = utf8
default-storage-engine = INNODB
# 新增配置文件my3307.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cp /etc/my3306.cnf /etc/my3307.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3307/g' /etc/my3307.cnf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /etc/my3307.cnf
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3307
server_id = 3307
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/app/mysql/3307/data
socket = /data/app/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock
symbolic-links = 0
log-error = /data/app/mysql/3307/logs/mysqld3307.log
pid-file = /data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
character_set_server = utf8
default-storage-engine = INNODB
# 安裝後規範化操作（設置環境變量、輸出頭文件和庫文件、設置man路徑）
[root@mysql-multi ~]# echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@mysql-multi ~]# chmod +x /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@mysql-multi ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@mysql-multi ~]# echo "MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man" >>/etc/man.config
[root@mysql-multi ~]# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ldconfig
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
# 新增實例3306，3307 systemd方式
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd_3306 3306
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service
[root@mysql-multi ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3307/g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service
[root@mysql-multi ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd_3307 3307
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
# 初始化實例3306，3307
[root@mysql-multi ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql --datadir=/data/app/mysql/3306/data
[root@mysql-multi ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql --datadir=/data/app/mysql/3307/data
# 啟動實例3306，3307服務 （start|stop|restart|status）
[root@mysql-multi ~]# systemctl start mysqld3306
[root@mysql-multi ~]# systemctl start mysqld3307
[root@mysql-multi ~]# netstat -nuptl | grep mysql
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 27165/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 27201/mysqld
[root@mysql-multi ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql 27165 1 2 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid
mysql 27201 1 2 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --daemonize --pid-file=/data/app/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid
修改MySQL實例密碼並測試登錄。
# 獲取實例初始密碼 [root@mysql-multi ~]# grep 'temporary password' /data/app/mysql/3306/logs/mysqld3306.log 2021-08-05T08:52:37.904630Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,&YrsLryq3Ll [root@mysql-multi ~]# grep 'temporary password' /data/app/mysql/3307/logs/mysqld3307.log 2021-08-05T08:52:48.082526Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: OvxKu,su=4O1 # 修改實例密碼 [root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqladmin -p -S /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock password Enter password: # 輸入初始密碼 New password: # 輸入新密碼 123456 Confirm new password: # 再次輸入新密碼 123456 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 或 shell> mysql -uroot -p /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqladmin -p -S /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3307.sock password Enter password: # 輸入初始密碼 New password: # 輸入新密碼 654321 Confirm new password: # 再次輸入新密碼 654321 # 測試登錄 [root@mysql-multi ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock Enter password: # 輸入密碼 123456 [root@mysql-multi ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/app/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock Enter password: # 輸入密碼 654321 # 停止實例 [root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/app/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock shutdown Enter password: # 輸入密碼 123456 [root@mysql-multi ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/app/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock shutdown Enter password: # 輸入密碼 654321 至此，MySQL多實例已經實現！
