SpringCloud微服務(基於Eureka+Feign+Hystrix+Zuul)
- 2021 年 7 月 7 日
- 筆記
- SpringCloud
一、搭建註冊中心
1.1、創建一個cloud-service項目
1.2:POM文件依賴
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xsi:schemaLocation="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 //maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 5 6 <groupId>com.tiandy</groupId> 7 <artifactId>cloud-service</artifactId> 8 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 9 <packaging>jar</packaging> 10 11 <name>cloud-service</name> 12 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 13 14 <parent> 15 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 16 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 17 <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> 18 <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 19 </parent> 20 21 <properties> 22 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 23 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> 24 <java.version>1.8</java.version> 25 <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> 26 </properties> 27 28 <dependencies> 29 30 <dependency> 31 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 32 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 33 </dependency> 34 35 <dependency> 36 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 37 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> 38 </dependency> 39 <!-- @HystrixCommand註解 --> 40 <dependency> 41 <groupId>com.netflix.hystrix</groupId> 42 <artifactId>hystrix-javanica</artifactId> 43 </dependency> 44 <dependency> 45 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 46 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> 47 </dependency> 48 <!-- 聲明調用 --> 49 <dependency> 50 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 51 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> 52 </dependency> 53 <!-- 服務容錯 --> 54 <dependency> 55 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 56 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> 57 </dependency> 58 59 <!--網關zuul--> 60 <dependency> 61 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 62 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> 63 </dependency> 64 65 <!--實體中的Date註解,不用get set--> 66 <dependency> 67 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> 68 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> 69 </dependency> 70 71 72 <dependency> 73 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 74 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 75 <scope>test</scope> 76 </dependency> 77 78 79 </dependencies> 80 81 <dependencyManagement> 82 <dependencies> 83 <dependency> 84 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 85 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> 86 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> 87 <type>pom</type> 88 <scope>import</scope> 89 </dependency> 90 </dependencies> 91 </dependencyManagement> 92 93 <build> 94 <plugins> 95 <plugin> 96 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 97 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 98 </plugin> 99 </plugins> 100 </build> 101 102 </project>
1.3：application.yml配置文件
1.4：啟動類CloudServiceApplication
1 package com.tiandy.myclient; 2 3 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 4 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 5 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; 6 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix; 7 8 @EnableEurekaClient 9 @EnableHystrix 10 @SpringBootApplication 11 public class MyClientApplication { 12 13 public static void main(String[] args) { 14 SpringApplication.run(MyClientApplication.class, args); 15 } 16 }
說明：@EnableEurekaClient是開啟Eureka服務註冊中心功能註解，@EnableHystrix是開始Hystrix功能註解
1.5：啟動MyClientApplication 服務
服務啟動成功後，訪問//127.0.0.1:8761/
二、spring cloud創建服務提供者
2.1、創建一個my-client項目
2.1:POM文件依賴
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xsi:schemaLocation="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 //maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 5 6 <groupId>com.tiandy</groupId> 7 <artifactId>my-client</artifactId> 8 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 9 <packaging>jar</packaging> 10 11 <name>sbc-providers</name> 12 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 13 14 <parent> 15 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 16 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 17 <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> 18 <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 19 </parent> 20 21 <properties> 22 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 23 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> 24 <java.version>1.8</java.version> 25 <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> 26 </properties> 27 28 <dependencies> 29 30 <dependency> 31 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 32 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 33 </dependency> 34 <dependency> 35 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 36 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> 37 </dependency> 38 <!-- @HystrixCommand註解 --> 39 <dependency> 40 <groupId>com.netflix.hystrix</groupId> 41 <artifactId>hystrix-javanica</artifactId> 42 </dependency> 43 <dependency> 44 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 45 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> 46 </dependency> 47 <!-- 聲明調用 --> 48 <dependency> 49 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 50 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> 51 </dependency> 52 <!-- 服務容錯 --> 53 <dependency> 54 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 55 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> 56 </dependency> 57 58 <!--網關zuul--> 59 <dependency> 60 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 61 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> 62 </dependency> 63 64 <!--實體中的Date註解,不用get set--> 65 <dependency> 66 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> 67 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> 68 </dependency> 69 70 71 <dependency> 72 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 73 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 74 <scope>test</scope> 75 </dependency> 76 77 78 </dependencies> 79 80 <dependencyManagement> 81 <dependencies> 82 <dependency> 83 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 84 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> 85 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> 86 <type>pom</type> 87 <scope>import</scope> 88 </dependency> 89 </dependencies> 90 </dependencyManagement> 91 92 <build> 93 <plugins> 94 <plugin> 95 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 96 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 97 </plugin> 98 </plugins> 99 </build> 100 101 </project>
2.3：application.yml配置文件
1 server: 2 port: 8800 3 spring: 4 application: 5 name: product-client #為你的應用起個名字，該名字將註冊到eureka註冊中心 6 eureka: 7 client: 8 serviceUrl: 9 defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ #去哪裡註冊，eureka服務地址 10 11 hystrix: 12 command: 13 default: 14 execution: 15 isolation: 16 thread: 17 timeoutInMilliseconds:10000 #超時時間
2.4：實例類VO-User
1 package com.tiandy.myclient.vo; 2 3 import lombok.Data; 4 import java.io.Serializable; 5 6 @Data 7 public class User implements Serializable { 8 9 private String id; 10 11 private String name; 12 13 private Integer age; 14 15 @Override 16 public String toString() { 17 return "User{" + 18 "id='" + id + '\'' + 19 ", name='" + name + '\'' + 20 ", age=" + age + 21 '}'; 22 } 23 }
2.5：HelloController業務控制類
1 package com.tiandy.myclient.controller; 2 import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand; 3 import com.tiandy.myclient.vo.User; 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 7 @RestController 8 public class HelloController { 9 10 @RequestMapping("/hello/{fallback}") 11 @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod="fallbackMethod")/*調用方式失敗後調用helloFallbackMethod*/ 12 public String hello(@PathVariable("fallback") String fallback){ 13 if("1".equals(fallback)){ 14 throw new RuntimeException("..."); 15 } 16 return "走網關了: hello zuul !"; 17 } 18 19 public String fallbackMethod(String fallback){ 20 return "【觸發了Hystrix熔斷機制,調用了fallbackMethod方法...】"; 21 } 22 23 @RequestMapping("/getUserById/{fallback}") 24 public String getUserById(@PathVariable("fallback") String fallback){ 25 User user=new User(); 26 user.setId("101"); 27 user.setAge(32); 28 user.setName("司藤"); 29 if(!fallback.equals("101")){ 30 throw new RuntimeException("..."); 31 } 32 String userInfo=user.toString(); 33 System.out.println(userInfo); 34 return userInfo; 35 } 36 }
2.6：服務啟動類MyClientApplication
1 package com.tiandy.myclient; 2 3 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 4 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 5 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; 6 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix; 7 8 @EnableEurekaClient 9 @EnableHystrix 10 @SpringBootApplication 11 public class MyClientApplication { 12 13 public static void main(String[] args) { 14 SpringApplication.run(MyClientApplication.class, args); 15 } 16 }
2.7：啟動服務，看服務product-client是否註冊到了註冊中心
啟動成功後，訪問//127.0.0.1:8761/
三、spring cloud創建服務消費者
3.1、創建一個my-consumert項目
3.2：POM文件依賴
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xsi:schemaLocation="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 //maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 5 6 <groupId>com.tiandy</groupId> 7 <artifactId>my-consumer</artifactId> 8 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 9 <packaging>jar</packaging> 10 11 <name>my-consumer</name> 12 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 13 14 <parent> 15 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 16 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 17 <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> 18 <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 19 </parent> 20 21 <properties> 22 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 23 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> 24 <java.version>1.8</java.version> 25 <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> 26 </properties> 27 28 <dependencies> 29 30 <dependency> 31 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 32 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 33 </dependency> 34 <dependency> 35 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 36 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> 37 </dependency> 38 <!-- @HystrixCommand註解 --> 39 <dependency> 40 <groupId>com.netflix.hystrix</groupId> 41 <artifactId>hystrix-javanica</artifactId> 42 </dependency> 43 <dependency> 44 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 45 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> 46 </dependency> 47 <!-- 聲明調用 --> 48 <dependency> 49 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 50 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> 51 </dependency> 52 <!-- 服務容錯 --> 53 <dependency> 54 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 55 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> 56 </dependency> 57 58 <!--網關zuul--> 59 <dependency> 60 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 61 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> 62 </dependency> 63 64 <!--實體中的Date註解,不用get set--> 65 <dependency> 66 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> 67 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> 68 </dependency> 69 70 71 <dependency> 72 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 73 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 74 <scope>test</scope> 75 </dependency> 76 77 78 </dependencies> 79 80 <dependencyManagement> 81 <dependencies> 82 <dependency> 83 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 84 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> 85 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> 86 <type>pom</type> 87 <scope>import</scope> 88 </dependency> 89 </dependencies> 90 </dependencyManagement> 91 92 <build> 93 <plugins> 94 <plugin> 95 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 96 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 97 </plugin> 98 </plugins> 99 </build> 100 101 </project>
3.3：application.yml配置文件
1 server: 2 port: 8082 3 spring: 4 application: 5 name: consumer-client #為你的應用起個名字，該名字將註冊到eureka註冊中心 6 eureka: 7 client: 8 serviceUrl: 9 defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ #去哪裡註冊，eureka服務地址
3.4：遠程接口調用HelloService
1 package com.tiandy.myconsumer.service; 2 3 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient; 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 6 7 @FeignClient("product-client") //product-client提供接口工程的服務名 8 public interface HelloService { 9 10 @RequestMapping("/hello/{fallback}") 11 public String hello(@PathVariable("fallback") String fallback); 12 13 @RequestMapping("/getUserById/{fallback}") 14 public String getUserById(@PathVariable("fallback") String fallback); 15 }
注意：@FeignClient註解就是開啟遠程調用的功能，提供的接口必須和product-client工程服務中提供的接口名稱、參數、返回值一樣
3.5：業務控制類HelloController
1 package com.tiandy.myconsumer.controller; 2 3 import com.tiandy.myconsumer.service.HelloService; 4 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 8 9 @RestController 10 public class HelloController { 11 12 @Autowired 13 private HelloService helloServcie; 14 15 @RequestMapping("/test/{fallback}") 16 public String hello(@PathVariable("fallback") String fallback){ 17 String res=helloServcie.hello(fallback); 18 return "結果為:"+res; 19 } 20 21 @RequestMapping("/getUserById/{fallback}") 22 public String getUserById(@PathVariable("fallback") String fallback){ 23 String userString=helloServcie.getUserById(fallback); 24 System.out.println("==結果：==="+userString); 25 return userString; 26 } 27 }
3.6：啟動類MyConsumerApplication
1 package com.tiandy.myconsumer; 2 3 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 4 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 5 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; 6 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients; 7 import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy; 8 9 @SpringBootApplication 10 @EnableEurekaClient 11 @EnableZuulProxy 12 @EnableFeignClients 13 public class MyConsumerApplication { 14 15 public static void main(String[] args) { 16 SpringApplication.run(MyConsumerApplication.class, args); 17 } 18 }
注意：@EnableZuulProxy是開啟網關功能的註解
3.7：啟動服務，看服務consumer-client是否註冊到了註冊中心
啟動成功後，訪問//127.0.0.1:8761/ 
四：啟動服務測試
把cloud-service、my-client、my-consumer三個服務都啟動成功後，訪問
//127.0.0.1:8082/test/1
//127.0.0.1:8082/test/2
//127.0.0.1:8082/getUserById/101
//192.168.100.50:8761/techouse/usersystem/getUserById/101
注意：我們可以使用統一入口，調用PRODUCT-CLIENT服務：
訪問的url： //127.0.0.1:8761/techouse/usersystem/getUserById/101 其中techouse/usersystem是cloud-service項目中zuul配置的網關和路由(perfix和path)
至此,以上便是一個簡單完成的SpringCloud微服務架構了！
