Python+requests+unittest+excel实现接口自动化测试框架
- 2019 年 10 月 6 日
- 筆記
一、框架结构：
工程目录
代码：基于python2编写
二、Case文件设计
三、基础包 base
3.1 封装get/post请求（runmethon.py）
import requests import json class RunMethod: def post_main(self,url,data,header=None): res = None if header !=None: res = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=header) else: res = requests.post(url=url,data=data) return res.json() def get_main(self,url,data=None,header=None): res = None if header !=None: res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,headers=header,verify=False) else: res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,verify=False) return res.json() def run_main(self,method,url,data=None,header=None): res = None if method == 'Post': res = self.post_main(url,data,header) else: res = self.get_main(url,data,header) return json.dumps(res,ensure_ascii=False,sort_keys=True,indent=2)
3.2 封装mock（mock.py）
from mock import mock #模拟mock 封装 def mock_test(mock_method,request_data,url,method,response_data): mock_method = mock.Mock(return_value=response_data) res = mock_method(url,method,request_data) return res
四、数据操作包 operation_data
4.1 获取excel单元格中的内容（get_data.py）
#coding:utf-8 from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel import data_config from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson from tool.connect_db import OperationMysql class GetData: def __init__(self): self.opera_excel = OperationExcel() #去获取excel行数,就是case的个数 def get_case_lines(self): return self.opera_excel.get_lines() #获取是否执行 def get_is_run(self,row): flag = None col = int(data_config.get_run()) run_model = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if run_model == 'yes': flag = True else: flag = False return flag #是否携带header def is_header(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_header()) header = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if header != '': return header else: return None #获取请求方式 def get_request_method(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_run_way()) request_method = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) return request_method #获取url def get_request_url(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_url()) url = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) return url #获取请求数据 def get_request_data(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_data()) data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if data == '': return None return data #通过获取关键字拿到data数据 def get_data_for_json(self,row): opera_json = OperetionJson() request_data = opera_json.get_data(self.get_request_data(row)) return request_data #获取预期结果 def get_expcet_data(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_expect()) expect = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if expect == '': return None return expect #通过sql获取预期结果 def get_expcet_data_for_mysql(self,row): op_mysql = OperationMysql() sql = self.get_expcet_data(row) res = op_mysql.search_one(sql) return res.decode('unicode-escape') def write_result(self,row,value): col = int(data_config.get_result()) self.opera_excel.write_value(row,col,value) #获取依赖数据的key def get_depend_key(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_data_depend()) depent_key = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if depent_key == "": return None else: return depent_key #判断是否有case依赖 def is_depend(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_case_depend()) depend_case_id = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if depend_case_id == "": return None else: return depend_case_id #获取数据依赖字段 def get_depend_field(self,row): col = int(data_config.get_field_depend()) data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col) if data == "": return None else: return data
4.2 获取excel中每个列（data_config.py）
#coding:utf-8 class global_var: #case_id Id = '0' request_name = '1' url = '2' run = '3' request_way = '4' header = '5' case_depend = '6' data_depend = '7' field_depend = '8' data = '9' expect = '10' result = '11' #获取caseid def get_id(): return global_var.Id #获取url def get_url(): return global_var.url def get_run(): return global_var.run def get_run_way(): return global_var.request_way def get_header(): return global_var.header def get_case_depend(): return global_var.case_depend def get_data_depend(): return global_var.data_depend def get_field_depend(): return global_var.field_depend def get_data(): return global_var.data def get_expect(): return global_var.expect def get_result(): return global_var.result def get_header_value(): return global_var.header
4.3 解决数据依赖（dependent.py ）
#coding:utf-8 import sys import json sys.path.append('C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA') from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel from base.runmethod import RunMethod from operation_data.get_data import GetData from jsonpath_rw import jsonpath,parse class DependdentData: def __init__(self,case_id): self.case_id = case_id self.opera_excel = OperationExcel() self.data = GetData() #通过case_id去获取该case_id的整行数据 def get_case_line_data(self): rows_data = self.opera_excel.get_rows_data(self.case_id) return rows_data #执行依赖测试，获取结果 def run_dependent(self): run_method = RunMethod() row_num = self.opera_excel.get_row_num(self.case_id) request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(row_num) #header = self.data.is_header(row_num) method = self.data.get_request_method(row_num) url = self.data.get_request_url(row_num) res = run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data) return json.loads(res) #根据依赖的key去获取执行依赖测试case的响应,然后返回 def get_data_for_key(self,row): depend_data = self.data.get_depend_key(row) response_data = self.run_dependent() json_exe = parse(depend_data) madle = json_exe.find(response_data) return [math.value for math in madle][0] if __name__ == '__main__': order = { "data": { "_input_charset": "utf-8", "body": "京东订单-1710141907182334", "it_b_pay": "1d", "notify_url": "http://order.imooc.com/pay/notifyalipay", "out_trade_no": "1710141907182334", "partner": "2088002966755334", "payment_type": "1", "seller_id": "[email protected]", "service": "mobile.securitypay.pay", "sign": "kZBV53KuiUf5HIrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQl pr%2BaMmdjO30JBgjqjj4mmM%2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX%2Bo4%3D", "sign_type": "RSA", "string": "_input_charset=utf-8&body=京东订单-1710141907182334&it_b_pay=1d¬ify_url=http://order.imooc.com/pay/ notifyalipay&out_trade_no=1710141907182334&partner=2088002966755334&payment_type=1&seller_id=yangyan01@ tcl.com&service=mobile.securitypay.pay&subject=京东订单-1710141907182334&total_fee=299&sign=kZBV53KuiUf5H IrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQlpr%2BaMmdjO30 JBgjqjj4mmM%2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX%2Bo4%3D&sign_type=RSA", "subject": "京东订单-1710141907182334", "total_fee": 299 }, "errorCode": 1000, "errorDesc": "成功", "status": 1, "timestamp": 1507979239100 } res = "data.out_trade_no" json_exe = parse(res) madle = json_exe.find(order) print [math.value for math in madle][0]
五、工具类包 tool
5.1 操作excel (operation_excel.py)
#coding:utf-8 import xlrd from xlutils.copy import copy class OperationExcel: def __init__(self,file_name=None,sheet_id=None): if file_name: self.file_name = file_name self.sheet_id = sheet_id else: self.file_name = '../dataconfig/case1.xls' self.sheet_id = 0 self.data = self.get_data() #获取sheets的内容 def get_data(self): data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name) tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_id] return tables #获取单元格的行数 def get_lines(self): tables = self.data return tables.nrows #获取某一个单元格的内容 def get_cell_value(self,row,col): return self.data.cell_value(row,col) #写入数据 def write_value(self,row,col,value): ''' 写入excel数据 row,col,value ''' read_data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name) write_data = copy(read_data) sheet_data = write_data.get_sheet(0) sheet_data.write(row,col,value) write_data.save(self.file_name) #根据对应的caseid 找到对应行的内容 def get_rows_data(self,case_id): row_num = self.get_row_num(case_id) rows_data = self.get_row_values(row_num) return rows_data #根据对应的caseid找到对应的行号 def get_row_num(self,case_id): num = 0 clols_data = self.get_cols_data() for col_data in clols_data: if case_id in col_data: return num num = num+1 #根据行号，找到该行的内容 def get_row_values(self,row): tables = self.data row_data = tables.row_values(row) return row_data #获取某一列的内容 def get_cols_data(self,col_id=None): if col_id != None: cols = self.data.col_values(col_id) else: cols = self.data.col_values(0) return cols if __name__ == '__main__': opers = OperationExcel() print opers.get_cell_value(1,2)
5.2判断字符串包含，判断字典是否相等（common_util.py）
#coding:utf-8 import json class CommonUtil: def is_contain(self,str_one,str_two): ''' 判断一个字符串是否再另外一个字符串中 str_one:查找的字符串 str_two：被查找的字符串 ''' flag = None if isinstance(str_one,unicode): str_one = str_one.encode('unicode-escape').decode('string_escape') return cmp(str_one,str_two) if str_one in str_two: flag = True else: flag = False return flag def is_equal_dict(self,dict_one,dict_two): ''' 判断两个字典是否相等 ''' if isinstance(dict_one,str): dict_one = json.loads(dict_one) if isinstance(dict_two,str): dict_two = json.loads(dict_two) return cmp(dict_one,dict_two)
5.3 操作header（operation_herder.py）
# coding:utf-8 import requests import json from operation_json import OperetionJson class OperationHeader: def __init__(self ,response): self.response = json.loads(response) def get_response_url(self): ''' 获取登录返回的token的url ''' url = self.response['data']['url'][0] return url def get_cookie(self): ''' 获取cookie的jar文件 ''' url = self.get_response_url( ) +"&callback=jQuery21008240514814031887_1508666806688&_=1508666806689" cookie = requests.get(url).cookies return cookie def write_cookie(self): cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(self.get_cookie()) op_json = OperetionJson() op_json.write_data(cookie) if __name__ == '__main__': url = "http://www.jd.com/passport/user/login" data = { "username" :"18513199586", "password" :"111111", "verify" :"", "referer" :"https://www.jd.com" } res = json.dumps(requests.post(url ,data).json()) op_header = OperationHeader(res) op_header.write_cookie()
5.4 操作json文件（operation_json.py）
#coding:utf-8 import json class OperetionJson: def __init__(self,file_path=None): if file_path == None: self.file_path = '../dataconfig/user.json' else: self.file_path = file_path self.data = self.read_data() #读取json文件 def read_data(self): with open(self.file_path) as fp: data = json.load(fp) return data #根据关键字获取数据 def get_data(self,id): print type(self.data) return self.data[id] #写json def write_data(self,data): with open('../dataconfig/cookie.json','w') as fp: fp.write(json.dumps(data)) if __name__ == '__main__': opjson = OperetionJson() print opjson.get_data('shop')
5.5 操作数据库（connect_db.py）
#coding:utf-8 import MySQLdb.cursors import json class OperationMysql: def __init__(self): self.conn = MySQLdb.connect( host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', passwd='123456', db='le_study', charset='utf8', cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor ) self.cur = self.conn.cursor() #查询一条数据 def search_one(self,sql): self.cur.execute(sql) result = self.cur.fetchone() result = json.dumps(result) return result if __name__ == '__main__': op_mysql = OperationMysql() res = op_mysql.search_one("select * from web_user where Name='ailiailan'") print res
5.6 发送报告邮件（send_email.py）
#coding:utf-8 import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText class SendEmail: global send_user global email_host global password email_host = "smtp.163.com" send_user = "[email protected]" password = "jia_668" def send_mail(self,user_list,sub,content): user = "jiaxiaonan"+"<"+send_user+">" message = MIMEText(content,_subtype='plain',_charset='utf-8') message['Subject'] = sub message['From'] = user message['To'] = ";".join(user_list) server = smtplib.SMTP() server.connect(email_host) server.login(send_user,password) server.sendmail(user,user_list,message.as_string()) server.close() def send_main(self,pass_list,fail_list): pass_num = float(len(pass_list)) fail_num = float(len(fail_list)) count_num = pass_num+fail_num #90% pass_result = "%.2f%%" %(pass_num/count_num*100) fail_result = "%.2f%%" %(fail_num/count_num*100) user_list = ['[email protected]'] sub = "接口自动化测试报告" content = "此次一共运行接口个数为%s个，通过个数为%s个，失败个数为%s,通过率为%s,失败率为%s" %(count_num,pass_num,fail_num,pass_result,fail_result ) self.send_mail(user_list,sub,content) if __name__ == '__main__': sen = SendEmail() sen.send_main([1,2,3,4],[2,3,4,5,6,7])
六、主函数
run_test.py
#coding:utf-8 import sys sys.path.append("C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA") from base.runmethod import RunMethod from operation_data.get_data import GetData from tool.common_util import CommonUtil from operation_data.dependent_data import DependdentData from tool.send_email import SendEmail from tool.operation_header import OperationHeader from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson class RunTest: def __init__(self): self.run_method = RunMethod() self.data = GetData() self.com_util = CommonUtil() self.send_mai = SendEmail() #程序执行的 def go_on_run(self): res = None pass_count = [] fail_count = [] #10 0,1,2,3 rows_count = self.data.get_case_lines() for i in range(1,rows_count): is_run = self.data.get_is_run(i) if is_run: url = self.data.get_request_url(i) method = self.data.get_request_method(i) request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(i) expect = self.data.get_expcet_data_for_mysql(i) header = self.data.is_header(i) depend_case = self.data.is_depend(i) if depend_case != None: self.depend_data = DependdentData(depend_case) #获取的依赖响应数据 depend_response_data = self.depend_data.get_data_for_key(i) #获取依赖的key depend_key = self.data.get_depend_field(i) request_data[depend_key] = depend_response_data if header == 'write': res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data) op_header = OperationHeader(res) op_header.write_cookie() elif header == 'yes': op_json = OperetionJson('../dataconfig/cookie.json') cookie = op_json.get_data('apsid') cookies = { 'apsid':cookie } res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data,cookies) else: res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data) if self.com_util.is_equal_dict(expect,res) == 0: self.data.write_result(i,'pass') pass_count.append(i) else: self.data.write_result(i,res) fail_count.append(i) self.send_mai.send_main(pass_count,fail_count) #将执行判断封装 #def get_cookie_run(self,header): if __name__ == '__main__': run = RunTest() run.go_on_run()
