快速学习-SSM 整合
- 2020 年 4 月 8 日
- 筆記
第1章 SSM 整合
1.1 环境准备
1.1.1 创建数据库和表结构
create database ssm; create table account( id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(100), money double(7,2), );
1.1.2 创建 Maven 工程
创建父工程：
创建子模块：
ssm_domain jar ssm_dao jar ssm_service jar ssm_web war
1.1.3 导入坐标并建立依赖
注意 MyBatis 和 Spring 的版本对应关系：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>ssm</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <properties> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <shiro.version>1.2.3</shiro.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log start --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>ssm</finalName> <pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> <modules> <module>ssm_domain</module> <module>ssm_dao</module> <module>ssm_service</module> <module>ssm_web</module> </modules> </project>
1.1.4 编写实体类
public class Account implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String name; private Float money; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Float getMoney() { return money; } public void setMoney(Float money) { this.money = money; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", money=" + money + "]"; } }
1.1.5 编写业务层接口
public interface IAccountService { /** * 保存账户 * @param account */ void saveAccount(Account account); /** * 查询所有账户 * @return */ List < Account > findAllAccount(); }
1.1.6 编写持久层接口
public interface IAccountDao { /** * 保存 * @param account */ void save(Account account); /** * 查询所有 * @return */ List < Account > findAll(); }
1.2 整合步骤
1.2.1 保证 Spring 框架在 web 工程中独立运行
1.2.1.1 第一步：编写 spring 配置文件并导入约束
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置 spring 创建容器时要扫描的包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"> <!--制定扫包规则，不扫描@Controller 注解的 JAVA 类，其他的还是要扫描 --> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> </beans>
1.2.1.2 第二步：使用注解配置业务层和持久层
/** * 账户的业务层实现类 */ @Service("accountService") public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService { @Autowired private IAccountDao accountDao; @Override public List < Account > findAllAccount() { return accountDao.findAllAccount(); } @Override public void saveAccount(Account account) { accountDao.saveAccount } }
持久层实现类代码： 此时不要做任何操作，就输出一句话。目的是测试 spring 框架搭建的结果。
/** * 账户的持久层实现类 */ @Repository("accountDao") public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao { @Override public List < Account > findAllAccount() { System.out.println("查询了所有账户"); return null; } @Override public void saveAccount(Account account) { System.out.println("保存了账户"); } }
1.2.1.3 第三步：测试 spring 能否独立运行
public class Test01Spring { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class); as.findAllAccount(); } }
运行结果：
1.2.2 保证 SpringMVC 在 web 工程中独立运行
1.2.2.1 第一步：在 web.xml 中配置核心控制器（DispatcherServlet）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <display-name>ssm_web</display-name> <!-- 配置 spring mvc 的核心控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvcDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 配置初始化参数，用于读取 springmvc 的配置文件 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 配置 servlet 的对象的创建时间点：应用加载时创建。取值只能是非 0 正整数，表示启动顺 序 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvcDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置 springMVC 编码过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-cla ss> <!-- 设置过滤器中的属性值 --> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 启动过滤器 --> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <!-- 过滤所有请求 --> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
1.2.2.2 第二步：编写 SpringMVC 的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置创建 spring 容器要扫描的包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"> <!-- 制定扫包规则 ,只扫描使用@Controller 注解的 JAVA 类 --> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> </beans>
1.2.2.3 第三步：编写 Controller 和 jsp 页面
jsp 代码：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title> 主页 </title> </head> <body> <a href="account/findAllAccount"> 访问查询账户 </a> </body> </html>
控制器代码
@Controller("accountController") @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { @RequestMapping("/findAllAccount") public String findAllAccount() { System.out.println("执行了查询账户"); return "success"; } }
运行结果
1.2.3 整合 Spring 和 SpringMVC
1.2.3.1 第一步：配置监听器实现启动服务创建容器
<!-- 配置 spring 提供的监听器，用于启动服务时加载容器 。 该间监听器只能加载 WEB-INF 目录中名称为 applicationContext.xml 的配置文件 --> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- 手动指定 spring 配置文件位置 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>
1.2.4 保证 MyBatis 框架在 web 工程中独立运行
1.2.4.1 第一步：编写 AccountDao 映射配置文件
注意：我们使用代理 dao 的方式来操作持久层，所以此处 Dao 的实现类就是多余的了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao"> <!-- 查询所有账户 --> <select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.Account"> select * from account </select> <!-- 新增账户 --> <insert id="save" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.Account"> insert into account(name,money) values(#{name},#{money}); </insert> </mapper>
1.2.4.2 第二步：编写 SqlMapConfig 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties> <environments default="mysql"> <environment id="mysql"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <dataSource type="pooled"> <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/itheima/dao/AccountDao.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>
properties文件中的内容
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=1234
1.2.4.3 第三步：测试运行结果
public class Test02MyBatis { /** * 测试保存 * @param args * @throws Exception */ @Test public void testSave() throws Exception { Account account = new Account(); account.setName("test"); account.setMoney(5000 f); InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build( in ); SqlSession session = factory.openSession(); IAccountDao aDao = session.getMapper(IAccountDao.class); aDao.save(account); session.commit(); session.close(); in .close(); } /** * 测试查询 * @param args * @throws Exception */ @Test public void testFindAll() throws Exception { InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build( in ); SqlSession session = factory.openSession(); IAccountDao aDao = session.getMapper(IAccountDao.class); List < Account > list = aDao.findAll(); System.out.println(list); session.close(); in .close(); } }
1.2.5 整合 Spring 和 MyBatis
整合思路： 把 mybatis 配置文件（SqlMapConfig.xml）中内容配置到 spring 配置文件中 同时，把 mybatis 配置文件的内容清掉。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration></configuration>
注意： 由于我们使用的是代理 Dao 的模式，Dao 具体实现类由 MyBatis 使用代理方式创建，所以此时 mybatis配置文件不能删。 当我们整合 spring 和 mybatis 时，mybatis 创建的 Mapper.xml 文件名必须和 Dao 接口文件名一致
1.2.5.1 第一步：Spring 接管 MyBatis 的 Session 工厂
<!-- 加载配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcConfig.properties" /> <!-- 配置 MyBatis 的 Session 工厂 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 加载 mybatis 的全局配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml" /> </bean> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </bean>
1.2.5.2 第二步：配置自动扫描所有 Mapper 接口和文件
<!-- 配置 Mapper 扫描器 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.itheima.dao"/> </bean>
1.2.5.3 第三步：配置 spring 的事务
<!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置事务的通知 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/> <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 配置 aop --> <aop:config> <!-- 配置切入点表达式 --> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="pt1"/> <!-- 建立通知和切入点表达式的关系 --> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt1"/> </aop:config>
1.2.5.4 第三步：测试整合结果
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" }) public class Test03SpringMabatis { @Autowired private IAccountService accountService; @Test public void testFindAll() { List list = accountService.findAllAccount(); System.out.println(list); } @Test public void testSave() { Account account = new Account(); account.setName("测试账号"); account.setMoney(1234 f); accountService.saveAccount(account); } }
1.2.6 测试 SSM 整合结果
1.2.6.1 编写测试 jsp
请求发起页面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title> 主页 </title> </head> <body> <a href="account/findAllAccount"> 访问查询账户 </a> <hr/> <form action="account/saveAccount" method="post"> 账户名称： <input type="text" name="name" /> <br/> 账户金额： <input type="text" name="money"> <br/> <input type="submit" value="保存" /> </form> </body> </html>
响应结果页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title> 账户的列表页面 </title> </head> <body> <table border="1" width="300px"> <tr> <th> 编号 </th> <th> 账户名称 </th> <th> 账户金额 </th> </tr> <c:forEach items="${accounts}" var="account" varStatus="vs"> <tr> <td> ${vs.count} </td> <td> ${account.name } </td> <td> ${account.money } </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </body> </html>
1.2.6.2 修改控制器中的方法
@Controller("accountController") @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { @Autowired private IAccountService accountService; /** * 查询所有账户 * @return */ @RequestMapping("/findAllAccount") public ModelAndView findAllAccount() { List < Account > accounts = accountService.findAllAccount(); ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); mv.addObject("accounts", accounts); mv.setViewName("accountlist"); return mv; } /** * 保存账户 * @param account * @return */ @RequestMapping("/saveAccount") public String saveAccount(Account account) { accountService.saveAccount(account); return "redirect:findAllAccount"; } }
1.2.6.3 测试运行结果
