最详细的SSM(Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis)项目搭建
- 2020 年 3 月 27 日
- 筆記
速览
- 使用Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis搭建项目
- 开发工具IDEA(Ecplise步骤类似,代码完全一样)
- 项目类型Maven工程
- 数据库MySQL8.0
- 数据库连接池:Druid
发现不合适的出门左转,不要浪费时间~~
数据库信息如下:
- 数据库名:webtest
- 测试表名称user
CREATE TABLE `user` ( `username` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL, `password` varchar(16) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL, `tel` varchar(11) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL, `name` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`username`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
步骤
Step 1:创建Maven工程
- 新建Project,选择Maven,选择jdk,选择创建模板为webapp(注意看清名称)
2.填写项目信息,然后一路next,最后finish
Step 2:添加依赖和插件,修改pom.xml文件,主要信息如下:
- Spring相关依赖
- MyBatis相关依赖
- MySQL连接相关依赖
- Druid连接池
- 测试依赖
- FastJSON依赖
- Tomcat插件
- Maven插件
- 资源拷贝插件(为了避免部分开发工具中不拷贝java包下的资源文件,不是所有人都会遇到这个问题,可以不配,具体请看这里)
pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.demo</groupId> <artifactId>ssmdemo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <!--定义版本号--> <properties> <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <junit.version>4.9</junit.version> <fastjson.version>1.2.28</fastjson.version> <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version> <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version> <mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version> </properties> <!--依赖--> <dependencies> <!--Spring相关依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--junit--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--fastJson--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>${fastjson.version}</version> </dependency> <!--Servlet--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!--MyBatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <!--MyBatis与Spring整合的依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- MySql --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <!-- 自定义资源文件拷贝行为 --> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> <!--使用的插件--> <plugins> <!--上面的资源文件拷贝的插件--> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.7</version> <configuration> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 编译插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <!--tomcat插件--> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <port>8080</port> <path>/</path> <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
Step 3:修改web.xml 文件(webapp/WEB-INF下),完成内容如下(所有的配置文件稍后会列出):
- 初始化Spring容器
<!--初始化spring容器--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--读取spring文件夹下所有applicationContext-打头的文件--> <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value> </context-param>
- 创建监听器,监听项目启动的时候初始化我们的Spring容器
<!--监听器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>
- 创建一个Fliter,解决POST请求中文乱码问题(在pom.xml配置Tomcat插件是指定的UTF-8只能解决GET请求的乱码问题)
<!-- 解决post乱码 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
- 创建DispatcherServlet(我们可以使用SpringMVC的基础)
<!-- springmvc的前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的, 如果不配置contextConfigLocation, springmvc的配置文件默认在:WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
- 完整的web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--初始化spring容器--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--监听器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 解决post乱码 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的, 如果不配置contextConfigLocation, springmvc的配置文件默认在:WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
Step 4:在java下创建需要package(没有java请创建),方便稍后写配置文件
- controller包
- service包
- mapper包
- domain包
Step 5:在resources(没有请创建)包下创建spring包,用来存放Spring相关的配置文件,创建springmvc.xml配置文件
- 开启controller的扫描
- 开启mvc的注解扫描
- 配置转换器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--开启controller扫描 指定扫描的基础包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller"/> <!--开启注解扫描--> <mvc:annotation-driven> <!--指定转换器为fastjson--> <mvc:message-converters> <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter"/> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> </beans>
Step 6:继续在spring文件下创建applicationContext-service.xml配置文件,配置service层的相关配置
- 开启组件扫描
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--开启注解扫描 扫描服务层组件--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.service"/> </beans>
Step 7:继续在spring文件夹下创建applicationContext-dao.xml配置文件,配置持久层相关配置
- 在resources下创建properties文件夹,新建db.properties配置文件,配置连接数据库相关属性
db.properties文件内容如下:
数据库连接驱动、url、用户名、密码
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/webtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root
- 在spring文件夹下创建applicationContext-dao.xml配置文件
- 配置数据源
- 配置sqlsession工厂(SqlMapConfig.xml稍后创建)
- 配置mapper代理
applicationContext-dao.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--读取db.properties配置文件内容--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/db.properties"/> <!--配置数据源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <property name="minIdle" value="5" /> </bean> <!--配置sqlsession工厂--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 数据源 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/SqlMapConfig.xml"/> </bean> <!--配置mapper代理--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.demo.mapper"/> </bean> </beans>
Step 8:在resources文件夹下创建mybatis文件夹,存放mybatis相关配置,
创建SqlMapConfig.xml文件
SqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--配置pojo的别名--> <typeAliases> <package name="com.demo.domain"/> </typeAliases> </configuration>
至此,resources文件夹下的内容配置完成,回到java文件夹下
Step 9:在com.demo.domain下创建User实体类
User.java
package com.demo.domain; import java.io.Serializable; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 16:53 */ public class User implements Serializable { private String username; private String password; private String tel; private String email; private String name; //省略getter和setter方法 }
Step 10:在mapper文件下创建接口UserMapper,同时创建同名的UserMapper.xml文件,写一个简单的查询全部的方法
UserMapper接口
package com.demo.mapper; import com.demo.domain.User; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 16:57 */ public interface UserMapper { List<User> findAll(); }
UserMapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <!--指定命名空间--> <mapper namespace="com.demo.mapper.UserMapper"> <!--查询全部 id必须与接口的方法名对应--> <select id="findAll" resultType="com.demo.domain.User"> select * from user </select> </mapper>
Step 11:service下创建接口UserService,同时创建impl包,在impl包下创建UserServiceImpl类,扩展UserService接口
在接口中定义个查询全部的方法,并在实现类中实现此方法
UserService接口
package com.demo.service; import com.demo.domain.User; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:07 */ public interface UserService { /** * 查找全部User * @return User */ List<User> findAll(); }
UserServiceImpl实现类(不要忘记@Service注解)
package com.demo.service.impl; import com.demo.domain.User; import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper; import com.demo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:08 */ //别忘了service注解哦 @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { //注入UserMapper对象 @Autowired private UserMapper mapper; @Override public List<User> findAll() { return mapper.findAll(); } }
Step 12:在controller下创建UserController类
package com.demo.controller; import com.demo.domain.User; import com.demo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; /** * @author 11699 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:12 */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/all") public List<User> findAll(){ return userService.findAll(); } }
运行测试配置
启动没有报错的话就可以在浏览器中测试访问:
http://localhost:8080/user/all
成功返回JSON串
项目完整结构
├─.idea │ ├─codeStyles │ ├─dictionaries │ └─inspectionProfiles ├─src │ └─main │ ├─java │ │ └─com │ │ └─demo │ │ ├─controller │ │ ├─domain │ │ ├─mapper │ │ └─service │ │ └─impl │ ├─resources │ │ ├─mybatis │ │ ├─properties │ │ └─spring │ └─webapp │ └─WEB-INF └─target ├─apache-tomcat-maven-plugin ├─classes │ ├─com │ │ └─demo │ │ ├─controller │ │ ├─domain │ │ ├─mapper │ │ └─service │ │ └─impl │ ├─mybatis │ ├─properties │ └─spring ├─generated-sources │ └─annotations ├─maven-status │ └─maven-compiler-plugin │ └─compile │ └─default-compile └─tomcat ├─conf ├─logs ├─webapps └─work └─Tomcat └─localhost └─_
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