Oracle Database Express 18.4版本：敏捷的二步安装法
- 2020 年 3 月 27 日
- 筆記
可能有些朋友还不知道，Oracle 推出了完全免费的 Express 版本，虽然存在一些功能限制，但是这个版本是完全免费的，只要你需要，可以随意适用。
可能有些朋友还不知道，Oracle 推出了完全免费的 Express 版本，虽然存在一些功能限制，但是这个版本是完全免费的，只要你需要，可以随意适用。
现在，Oracle 也将这个版本的安装简化到了极致。 安装这个版本，你只需要两个步骤：
- 第一：安装preinstall安装包
- 第二：安装数据库软件包
两者都简约到极致，第一步，下载安装预需求包：
curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
第二步，安装数据库软件包，从 OTN 直接抓取软件，你不需要帐号，不需要登录：
yum -y install https://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/otn_software/db-express/oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
一些基本的输出如下：
[root@enmodb1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) [root@enmodb1 ~]# curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 18244 100 18244 0 0 6888 0 0:00:02 0:00:02 --:--:-- 6889 [root@enmodb1 ~]# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Examining oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 Marking oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-database-preinstall-18c.x86_64 0:1.0-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn --> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-utils for package: oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-7.el7 will be installed ---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-72.el7 will be installed ---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-139.el7 will be installed ---> Package xorg-x11-utils.x86_64 0:7.5-23.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libdmx.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-utils-7.5-23.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXxf86dga.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-utils-7.5-23.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXv.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-utils-7.5-23.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libXv.x86_64 0:1.0.11-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXxf86dga.x86_64 0:1.1.4-2.1.el7 will be installed ---> Package libdmx.x86_64 0:1.1.3-3.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ====================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ====================================================================================================================================================== Installing: oracle-database-preinstall-18c x86_64 1.0-1.el7 /oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 55 k Installing for dependencies: compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-7.el7 base 19 k compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-72.el7 base 191 k ksh x86_64 20120801-139.el7 base 885 k libXv x86_64 1.0.11-1.el7 base 18 k libXxf86dga x86_64 1.1.4-2.1.el7 base 19 k libdmx x86_64 1.1.3-3.el7 base 16 k xorg-x11-utils x86_64 7.5-23.el7 base 114 k Transaction Summary ====================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+7 Dependent packages) Total size: 1.3 M Total download size: 1.2 M Installed size: 4.3 M Downloading packages: (1/7): compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 kB 00:00:00 (2/7): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm | 191 kB 00:00:00 (3/7): libXv-1.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 18 kB 00:00:00 (4/7): libXxf86dga-1.1.4-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 kB 00:00:00 (5/7): ksh-20120801-139.el7.x86_64.rpm | 885 kB 00:00:00 (6/7): libdmx-1.1.3-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 16 kB 00:00:00 (7/7): xorg-x11-utils-7.5-23.el7.x86_64.rpm | 114 kB 00:00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 1.5 MB/s | 1.2 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64 1/8 Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64 2/8 Installing : libXxf86dga-1.1.4-2.1.el7.x86_64 3/8 Installing : libXv-1.0.11-1.el7.x86_64 4/8 Installing : ksh-20120801-139.el7.x86_64 5/8 Installing : libdmx-1.1.3-3.el7.x86_64 6/8 Installing : xorg-x11-utils-7.5-23.el7.x86_64 7/8 Installing : oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 8/8 Verifying : libdmx-1.1.3-3.el7.x86_64 1/8 Verifying : ksh-20120801-139.el7.x86_64 2/8 Verifying : libXv-1.0.11-1.el7.x86_64 3/8 Verifying : oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 4/8 Verifying : libXxf86dga-1.1.4-2.1.el7.x86_64 5/8 Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64 6/8 Verifying : xorg-x11-utils-7.5-23.el7.x86_64 7/8 Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64 8/8 Installed: oracle-database-preinstall-18c.x86_64 0:1.0-1.el7 Dependency Installed: compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-7.el7 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-72.el7 ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-139.el7 libXv.x86_64 0:1.0.11-1.el7 libXxf86dga.x86_64 0:1.1.4-2.1.el7 libdmx.x86_64 0:1.1.3-3.el7 xorg-x11-utils.x86_64 0:7.5-23.el7 Complete!
安装数据库：
[root@enmodb1 ~]# yum -y install https://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/otn_software/db-express/oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm | 2.3 GB 00:33:09 Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-EsjN01/oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm: oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-EsjN01/oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-database-xe-18c.x86_64 0:1.0-1 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ====================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ====================================================================================================================================================== Installing: oracle-database-xe-18c x86_64 1.0-1 /oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 5.2 G Transaction Summary ====================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total size: 5.2 G Installed size: 5.2 G Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 [INFO] Executing post installation scripts... [INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured. To configure Oracle Database XE, optionally modify the parameters in '/etc/sysconfig/oracle-xe-18c.conf' and then execute '/etc/init.d/oracle-xe-18c configure' as root. Verifying : oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Installed: oracle-database-xe-18c.x86_64 0:1.0-1 Complete!
配置数据库：
[root@enmodb1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracle-xe-18c configure Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. Note that the same password will be used for SYS, SYSTEM and PDBADMIN accounts: Confirm the password: Configuring Oracle Listener. Listener configuration succeeded. Configuring Oracle Database XE. Enter SYS user password: *********** Enter SYSTEM user password: ************ Enter PDBADMIN User Password: ********** Prepare for db operation 7% complete Copying database files 29% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 30% complete 31% complete 34% complete 38% complete 41% complete 43% complete Completing Database Creation 47% complete 50% complete Creating Pluggable Databases 54% complete 71% complete Executing Post Configuration Actions 93% complete Running Custom Scripts 100% complete Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/XE. Database Information: Global Database Name:XE System Identifier(SID):XE Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/XE/XE.log" for further details. Connect to Oracle Database using one of the connect strings: Pluggable database: enmodb1/XEPDB1 Multitenant container database: enmodb1 Use https://localhost:5500/em to access Oracle Enterprise Manager for Oracle Database XE
连接数据库：
[oracle@enmodb1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=XE [oracle@enmodb1 ~]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE [oracle@enmodb1 ~]$ export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin [oracle@enmodb1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Feb 22 10:28:08 2020 Version 18.4.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 18c Express Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 18.4.0.0.0 SQL> select banner from v$version; BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 18c Express Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/system01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/sysaux01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/undotbs01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/pdbseed/system01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/users01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/XEPDB1/system01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/XEPDB1/sysaux01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/XEPDB1/undotbs01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/XE/XEPDB1/users01.dbf 11 rows selected.
现在学习和接触 Oracle 数据库变得很简单！
