在GAE中使用struts2框架

  • 2019 年 10 月 5 日
  • 筆記

在确定了IDE和Server之后,就要选择一个web框架了。我选择的是struts2,因为它的使用率很高,网上也很多资源,遇到问题好查。

struts2网上的最新版是2.2.1

创建项目

打开MyEclipse,新建一个Google Web Application:

创建完成后的文件结构如下:

因为我们不用servlet,所以为了看上去清静一些,让我们删除GAE插件生成的Struts2TestServlet.java,index.html,并删除web.xml中关于servlet的东西。

添加struts的库

把下载下来的struts 2.2.1的如下几个jar复制到warWEB-INFlib下:

  1. commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
  2. commons-io-1.3.2.jar
  3. commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
  4. freemarker-2.3.16.jar
  5. ognl-3.0.jar
  6. struts2-core-2.2.1.jar
  7. xwork-2.2.1.jar
  8. javassist-3.7.ga.jar

其中,前面7个jar在struts 2.2.1的lib下面可以找到,最后一个javassist-3.7.ga.jar则需要在appsstruts2-blank-2.2.1WEB-INFlib下面找。

右键点击Struts2Test项目的属性,选择“Java 构建路径”,并选择“库(L)”,如下图:

点击“添加jar…”,在弹出的对话框里选择lib下的那几个struts2的jar,如下图:

完成之后,项目结构中会多出一个“引用的库”,如下图:

配置web.xml

打开warWEB-INFweb.xml,把它修改为:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">  <filter>      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>      <filter-class>                    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher      </filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>    <welcome-file-list>        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>    </welcome-file-list></web-app>

配置完之后,在MyEclipse中运行Struts2Test项目,可以看到Google app engine的web server正常的启动起来了。

添加Action

添加一个类,名为LoginAction,如下图:

修改LoginAction的内容如下:

package kong.test;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; @SuppressWarnings("serial")public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{    private String userName;    private String password;    public void setUserName(String name){        userName = name;    }    public void setPassword(String pwd){        password = pwd;    }        public String execute(){        if(userName.equals("gae") && password.equals("struts2")){            addActionMessage("Welcome," + userName);            return SUCCESS;         }        addActionError("Username and Password Combination doesnot match.");         return INPUT;    }}

在src目录下添加structs.xml,内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"><struts>    <package name="struts2" namespace="/member"           extends="struts-default">           <action name="login">               <result>/login.jsp</result>                        </action>           <action name="home" class="kong.test.LoginAction">               <result name="input">/login.jsp</result>              <result>/home.jsp</result>                        </action>        </package></struts>

在war下添加login.jsp和home.jsp,内容分别如下:

login.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head>    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">      <title>登录</title></head>  <body>    <s:actionerror/>    <s:form action="home" method="post">        <s:textfield name="userName" label="用户名"></s:textfield>        <s:textfield name="password" label="密码"></s:textfield>         <s:submit name="login" value="登录"></s:submit>    </s:form></body></html>

home.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  <html>  <head>      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">      <title>首页</title>  </head>  <body>    <s:actionmessage /></body>  </html>

测试一下

启动Google app engine的server,看到启动成功的消息之后,打开浏览器输入http://localhost:8888/member/login,结果出错了:

HTTP ERROR 404Problem accessing /member/login. Reason:      result 'null' not found

Google之后知道,为了解决这个问题,要弄一个listener。添加类StrutsAppEngineAdapter,内容如下:

package kong.test; import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener; import ognl.OgnlRuntime; public class StrutsAppEngineAdapter implements ServletContextListener {    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {        OgnlRuntime.setSecurityManager(null);    }     public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {    }}

修改web.xml,把这个listener加进来:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">  <filter>      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>      <filter-class>                    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher      </filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>     <listener>    <listener-class>kong.test.StrutsAppEngineAdapter</listener-class>  </listener>     <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list></web-app>

重启gae的web server,再运行一下,又出了另一个错误:

HTTP ERROR 500Problem accessing /member/login. Reason:      java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax.swing.tree.TreeNode is a restricted class. Please see the Google  App Engine developer's guide for more details. Caused by:javax.servlet.ServletException: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax.swing.tree.TreeNode is a restricted class. Please see the Google  App Engine developer's guide for more details.    at org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.doHandlePageException(PageContextImpl.java:825)    at org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.access$1100(PageContextImpl.java:64)    ...

继续Google,为了解决这个问题,我们需要新建一个包freemarker.core,并加一个TextBlock类进来才行,该类的代码比较大,所以就不贴了,可以从这里下载

加了TextBlock之后,重新启动gae的server,然后刷新http://localhost:8888/member/login,终于不出错了!输入用户名gae,密码struts2,成功跳到了home。

最后,把它发布到Google app engine上去,也是可以成功运行的: