【DB笔试面试737】在Oracle中，将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库的步骤有哪些？

  • 2020 年 2 月 24 日
  • 筆記

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题目部分

在Oracle中，将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库的步骤有哪些？

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答案部分

将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库的过程基本上就是先将备份集恢复为单实例的数据库，然后再将数据库转换为RAC库。

数据库的备份可以使用如下的脚本：

run  {   allocate channel c1 type disk;   allocate channel c2 type disk;   backup database format  '/home/oracle/rman_back/full_%n_%T_%t_%s_%p.bak';   sql 'alter system archive log current';   backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_back/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' delete input;   backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rman_back/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak';   release channel c1;   release channel c2;  }

将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库常用的命令如下所示：

ORACLE_SID=lhrdb  ORACLE_SID=lhrrac21    mkdir +DATA/lhrrac2/  startup nomount  restore spfile to '+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora' from  '/home/oracle/rman_back/full_LHRDBxxx_20180711_981220001_4_1.bak';    /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initlhrrac21.ora  SPFILE='+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora'    echo "SPFILE='+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora'" > /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initlhrrac22.ora      create pfile='/tmp/a.txt' from spfile;  *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/adump'  *.audit_trail='db'  *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'  *.control_files='+DATA','+FRA'  *.db_block_size=8192  *.db_domain=''  *.db_name='lhrdb'  *.db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA'  *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4322230272  *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'  *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lhrdbXDB)'  *.memory_target=415236096  *.open_cursors=300  *.processes=150  *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'  *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'    create spfile='+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora' from pfile='/tmp/b.txt';    startup nomount force;  restore controlfile   from '/home/oracle/rman_back/ctl_LHRDB_20180711_7_1.bak';  alter database mount;    set line 9999 pagesize 9999  col FILE_NAME format a60  select 'datafile' file_type, file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$datafile  union all  select 'tempfile',file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$tempfile  union all  select 'logfile',group# file#,member FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$logfile  union all  select 'controlfile', to_number('') ,name FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$controlfile;      set pagesize  200 linesize 200  select 'set newname for datafile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "' || a.NAME || '";' from v$datafile a  union all  select 'set newname for tempfile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "' || a.NAME || '";' from v$tempfile a  union all  SELECT 'SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''''' || a.MEMBER || '''''  to  ''''' || a.MEMBER || ''''' ";' FROM v$logfile a;        set pagesize  200 linesize 200  select 'set newname for datafile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "+DATA";' from v$datafile a  union all  select 'set newname for tempfile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "+DATA";' from v$tempfile a  union all  SELECT 'SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''''' || a.MEMBER || '''''  to  ''''+DATA'''' ";' FROM v$logfile a;      set newname for datafile 1 to "+DATA";  set newname for datafile 2 to "+DATA";  set newname for datafile 3 to "+DATA";  set newname for datafile 4 to "+DATA";  set newname for datafile 5 to "+DATA";  set newname for tempfile 1 to "+DATA";  SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03.log''  to  ''+DATA'' ";  SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02.log''  to  ''+DATA'' ";  SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01.log''  to  ''+DATA'' ";        run {      ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;      set newname for datafile 1 to "+DATA";      set newname for datafile 2 to "+DATA";      set newname for datafile 3 to "+DATA";      set newname for datafile 4 to "+DATA";      set newname for datafile 5 to "+DATA";      set newname for tempfile 1 to "+DATA";      SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03.log''  to  ''+DATA'' ";      SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02.log''  to  ''+DATA'' ";      SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01.log''  to  ''+DATA'' ";      restore database;      SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;      SWITCH TEMPFILE ALL;      release channel c1;   }    list backupset of archivelog all;  RUN{  set until sequence 6;  recover database;  }    alter database open resetlogs;

以上步骤执行完后依然是一个单实例的数据库，因此需要将数据库转换为RAC库。需要修改集群参数，redo和undo的相关内容：

select * from v$option where parameter = 'Real Application Clusters';    --集群参数  alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;  alter system set cluster_database_instances=2 scope=spfile;    alter system set instance_number=1 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac21';  alter system set instance_number=2 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac22';    --redo  select THREAD# ,STATUS from v$thread;  alter system set thread=1 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac21';  alter system set thread=2 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac22';  alter database add logfile thread 2 group 4 '+FRA' size 50M;  alter database add logfile thread 2 group 5 '+FRA' size 50M;  alter database add logfile thread 2 group 6 '+FRA' size 50M;    col instance format a20  select thread#,instance,status,enabled from v$thread;  alter database enable thread 2 ;      --undo  create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '+DATA' SIZE 50m;  alter system set undo_tablespace='undotbs1' scope=spfile sid='lhrrac21';  alter system set undo_tablespace='undotbs2' scope=spfile sid='lhrrac22';  show spparameter undo      srvctl remove db -d lhrdb -f  srvctl add database -d lhrdb -o $ORACLE_HOME -p +DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora  srvctl config database -d lhrdb  srvctl add instance -d lhrdb -i lhrrac21 -n raclhr-11gR2-N1  srvctl add instance -d lhrdb -i lhrrac22 -n raclhr-11gR2-N2  srvctl config database -d lhrdb  srvctl start db -d lhrdb    ---重建集群相关的视图  @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql

& 说明：

有关将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库的更多内容可以参考我的BLOG：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1682250/。

本文选自《Oracle程序员面试笔试宝典》，作者：小麦苗

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