测试神器Swagger的应用

  • 2020 年 2 月 10 日
  • 筆記

在开发中我们经常会碰到这种情况:后台开发人员在开发完接口之后给前台人员调用,前台人员对接口的作用以及接口中的参数往往不懂,这样前台不得不多次跟后台人员沟通交流,很浪费时间。但使用Swagger后,这种情况就几乎不存在了,因为后台开发人员在写接口的同时便把接口及参数的注释写好了,在Swagger页面可以非常清楚明了的看到各个接口以及各个参数的意思。

我们先看看效果图,下图中明确显示了当前访问的接口属于"order-controller",显示了请求url路径为"/orderNew/getOrder",显示了该接口的作用为"获取某条订单信息",显示了这个接口所用到的三个参数以及三个参数的名称以及类型。我们还可以点击下面的"Try it out!"按钮来进行测试。有了它,后台人员不用讲解,前端人员自然能明白。

下面就说下如何使用开发工具IntellijIDEA来搭建Swagger应用。

第一步: 首先新建一个空的Maven工程

第二步:在pom.xml文件中添加如下依赖

  <parent>  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>  <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>  <relativePath />  </parent>    <dependencies>  <dependency>  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>  <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>  </dependency>    <dependency>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  <version>4.3.6.RELEASE</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>  <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>  <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>  <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>  <version>2.2.2</version>  <exclusions>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  </exclusion>  <exclusion>  <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>  <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>  </exclusion>  </exclusions>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>  <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>  <version>2.2.2</version>  </dependency>  </dependencies>

第三步:在com目录或者其子目录下新建一个Application类,如下图所示。注意一定要在com或其子目录下,否则启动不了。

Application的代码如下

package com;    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;  import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure  .EnableAutoConfiguration;  import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure  .SpringBootApplication;  import org.springframework.boot.builder  .SpringApplicationBuilder;  import org.springframework.boot.web.support  .SpringBootServletInitializer;  import springfox.documentation.swagger2  .annotations.EnableSwagger2;    /**  * test-sc  * Created by Grady on 2017/4/18.  */  @EnableSwagger2  @SpringBootApplication  //@ImportResource("classpath:/META-INF/spring  /spring-dubbo-provider.xml")  @EnableAutoConfiguration//启用自动配置  //@ComponentScan("com.filter,com.controller,  com.manager,com.api.impl")  public class Application extends  SpringBootServletInitializer {  @Override  protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure  (SpringApplicationBuilder application) {  return application.sources(Application.class);  }    public static void main(String[] args) {  SpringApplication.run(Application.class);  }  }

第四步:在Controller中写接口

Controller类代码如下

package com.controller;    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;  import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;    /**  * Created by dell16 on 2017/4/18.  */  @RequestMapping("/orderNew")  @RestController  public class OrderController {    @ApiOperation(value = "获取某条订单信息")  @RequestMapping(value = "/getOrder", method = RequestMethod.GET)  public String getOrder(@ApiParam(value = "订单编号",required = true) @RequestParam(value = "orderNo") String orderNo,  @ApiParam(value = "当前页") @RequestParam(value = "pageNum",required = false) Integer pageNum,  @ApiParam(value = "每页显示数量") @RequestParam(value = "pageSize",required = false) Integer pageSize) {  return "成功!";  }  }

有了上面这四步,启动这个工程,就可以输入http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html#!/order-controller/getOrderUsingGET来访问Swagger页面了。