测试神器Swagger的应用
- 2020 年 2 月 10 日
- 筆記
在开发中我们经常会碰到这种情况:后台开发人员在开发完接口之后给前台人员调用,前台人员对接口的作用以及接口中的参数往往不懂,这样前台不得不多次跟后台人员沟通交流,很浪费时间。但使用Swagger后,这种情况就几乎不存在了,因为后台开发人员在写接口的同时便把接口及参数的注释写好了,在Swagger页面可以非常清楚明了的看到各个接口以及各个参数的意思。
我们先看看效果图,下图中明确显示了当前访问的接口属于"order-controller",显示了请求url路径为"/orderNew/getOrder",显示了该接口的作用为"获取某条订单信息",显示了这个接口所用到的三个参数以及三个参数的名称以及类型。我们还可以点击下面的"Try it out!"按钮来进行测试。有了它,后台人员不用讲解,前端人员自然能明白。

下面就说下如何使用开发工具IntellijIDEA来搭建Swagger应用。
第一步: 首先新建一个空的Maven工程
第二步:在pom.xml文件中添加如下依赖
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> <relativePath /> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
第三步:在com目录或者其子目录下新建一个Application类,如下图所示。注意一定要在com或其子目录下,否则启动不了。

Application的代码如下
package com; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure .EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure .SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.builder .SpringApplicationBuilder; import org.springframework.boot.web.support .SpringBootServletInitializer; import springfox.documentation.swagger2 .annotations.EnableSwagger2; /** * test-sc * Created by Grady on 2017/4/18. */ @EnableSwagger2 @SpringBootApplication //@ImportResource("classpath:/META-INF/spring /spring-dubbo-provider.xml") @EnableAutoConfiguration//启用自动配置 //@ComponentScan("com.filter,com.controller, com.manager,com.api.impl") public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure (SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(Application.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
第四步:在Controller中写接口

Controller类代码如下
package com.controller; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * Created by dell16 on 2017/4/18. */ @RequestMapping("/orderNew") @RestController public class OrderController { @ApiOperation(value = "获取某条订单信息") @RequestMapping(value = "/getOrder", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String getOrder(@ApiParam(value = "订单编号",required = true) @RequestParam(value = "orderNo") String orderNo, @ApiParam(value = "当前页") @RequestParam(value = "pageNum",required = false) Integer pageNum, @ApiParam(value = "每页显示数量") @RequestParam(value = "pageSize",required = false) Integer pageSize) { return "成功!"; } }
有了上面这四步,启动这个工程,就可以输入http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html#!/order-controller/getOrderUsingGET来访问Swagger页面了。