【达达前端】Ajax实战项目源码讲解(快速入门的实例)Github源码

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作者 | Jeskson

来源 | 达达前端小酒馆

源码地址:

https://github.com/huangguangda/Ajaxitm

什么是Ajax技术?实战中的运用ajax技术,了解前后端交互的方式,了解移动端的模式,了解H5的新技术,了解CSS3的使用,和JQuery的使用。

Ajax技术可以提高用户体验,无刷新的与后台进行数据的交互,异步的操作方式,可以不用刷新页面提高性能。

了解前后端的交互流程,主要分为三部分,客户端,服务端,数据库,环境搭建,wamp,phpMyAdmin。

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wamp,window,Apache,mysql,php。

创建项目:

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创建一个名为AjaxItem的小项目

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接下来附上我的代码

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form>      用户名:<input type="text">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  </body>  </html>

运行起来的效果是如下截图

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添加一个服务端跳转的页面reg.php,服务端要找到输入框的值

提交表单方式:GET,POST

指定当前页的编码

header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");

连接数据库mysql

$con = mysql_connect();

默认值:config.default.php

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form action="reg.php">      用户名:<input type="text" name="username">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  </body>  </html>

2

get提交的特点:

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post提交的特点:

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上面截图可以看出传输数据的区别,我们一般对于数据的查询,尽量采用get的方式,而我们要对数据的修改,添加或者是删除,我们可以用post比较好一点。

服务端的书写:

选择数据库:mysql_select_db();建立数据库,建表,键字段

指定数据库的编码格式

mysql_query("set names utf8");

获取传输数据

$_GET  $_POST

创建数据库:

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创建表:

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创建数据

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sql查询:

select * from 表 where 字段 = 值  mysql_query  mysql_num_rows

reg.php

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">      用户名:<input type="text" name="username">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  </body>  </html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">      用户名:<input type="text" name="username">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  </body>  </html>

reg.php代码:

<?php  // 定义编码格式  header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");  // 连接mysql  $con = mysql_connect("localhost",'root','123456');  mysql_select_db('ajaxitem');  mysql_query('set names utf8');    $username = $_POST['username'];  $sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";  $query = mysql_query($sql);    // 如何区分查询到还是没有查询到呢?  //mysql_num_rows($query);  // 找到为1,没有找到为0    if($query && mysql_num_rows($query)){   echo "<script>alert('已经有人注册过了')</script>";   echo "<script>history.back()</script>";  }else {  $sql = "insert into reg(username) values ('$username')";  $sql = mysql_query($sql);  if($query){      echo "<script>alert('注册成功')</script>";      echo "<script>window.location = 'index.html'</script>";  }  }  ?>

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: 3

sql查询:

select * from 表 where 字段 = 值  mysql_query  mysql_num_rows    sql添加    insert into 表(字段)values(值)

Ajax基本使用:

XMLHttpRequest  open  onreadystatechange    readyState  0未初始化  1初始化  2发送数据  3数据传送中  4完成    send
onreadystatechange    status  http状态码  200  301  304  403  404  500    statusText
responseText   responseXML   JSON.parse    POST方式:  需要设置头信息  位置在send前    setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');  setRequestHeader(‘Content-Type’, ‘application/json’);    JSON_stringify
JQuery中的Ajax    $.ajax    url  type  data  success  error  dataType  async

提供公共代码

require_once()    获取数据  mysql_fetch_row  mysql_fetch_assoc  mysql_fetch_array  mysql_fetch_object    增删改查  delete from 表 where 字段 = 值  update 表 set 字段 = 新值 where id = $id;
Functions to create xhrs    function createStandardXHR() {   try {    return new window.XMLHttpRequest();   }catch(e){}  }    function createActiveXHR() {   try {    return new window.ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");    }catch(e){}  }

index.html代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">      用户名:<input type="text" name="username">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  <div id="div">    </div>  <script>  var oInput = document.getElementById("input1");  var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');    oInput.onblur = function () {      var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();      xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);    }  </script>  </body>  </html>

user.php

<?php  // 定义编码格式  header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");  // 连接mysql  $con = mysql_connect("localhost",'root','123456');  mysql_select_db('ajaxitem');  mysql_query('set names utf8');    $username = $_GET['username'];  $sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";  $query = mysql_query($sql);    if($sql && mysql_num_rows($query)){      echo '{"code":0, "message": "已经有人注册过啦" }';  }else {      echo  '{"code":1,"message":"可以注册"}';  }  ?>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">      用户名:<input type="text" name="username">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  <div id="div">    </div>  <script>  var oInput = document.getElementById("input1");  var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');    oInput.onblur = function () {      var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();      // xhr.open('POST','user.php?username='+encodeURIComponent(this.value),true);      xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);        // 监听整个流程,多次触发      xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {          if(xhr.readyState == 4) {              if(xhr.status == 200) {                  xhr.responseText;                  // xhr.responseXML                  // console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));                  var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);                  if(obj.code) {                      oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message                  }else {                      oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message                  }              }          }      };      // xhr.send(null);      xhr.send('username'+encodeURIComponent(this.value));  }  </script>  </body>  </html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">      用户名:<input type="text" name="username">      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  <div id="div">    </div>  <script>  var oInput = document.getElementById("input1");  var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');    oInput.onblur = function () {      var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();      // xhr.open('POST','user.php?username='+encodeURIComponent(this.value),true);      xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);        // 监听整个流程,多次触发      xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {          if(xhr.readyState == 4) {              if(xhr.status == 200) {                  xhr.responseText;                  // xhr.responseXML                  // console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));                  var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);                  if(obj.code) {                      oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message                  }else {                      oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message                  }              }          }      };      // xhr.send(null);      // xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded');      // xhr.send('username'+encodeURIComponent(this.value));        // 'username=dada&age=12'      // xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','application/json');      // xhr.send('{ "username": dada, "age": 12}');      // xhr.send(JSON.stringify({"username":"dada","age":12}));        // {"username":"dada","age":12} -> $.param() -> "useranme=dada&age=12"  }  </script>  </body>  </html>

JQuery:

if(s.data && s.processData && typeof s.data !== "string"){   s.data = JQuery.param(s.data, s.traditional);  }    inspectPrefiltersOrTransports(prefilters, s, options, jqXHR);    if(state === 2){  return jqXHR;  }

ajax.html

<!DOCTYPE html>  <html lang="en">  <head>      <meta charset="UTF-8">      <title>Title</title>  </head>  <body>  $.ajax({   url: 'jquery.php',   type:  'GET',   data: {username: "dada"},   success: function(data){    console.log(data);   }  });  </body>  </html>

jquery.php

<?PHP      //echo 'red';    echo '{"color":"red","width":"200px"}';    ?>

请求相同部分:

require_once(‘connect.php');

ajax1.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">  <title>无标题文档</title>  <script>  //get : http://localhost/reg.php?username=dada  //post : http://localhost/reg.php  </script>  </head>    <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">    用户名 : <input type="text" name="username">   <!--username=dada-->      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  </body>  </html>

ajax2.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">  <title>无标题文档</title>    </head>    <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">    用户名 : <input id="input1" type="text" name="username">   <!--username=dada-->      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  <div id="div1"></div>  <script>  var oInput = document.getElementById('input1');  var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');    oInput.onblur = function(){    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();    xhr.open('GET','user.php?username='+encodeURIComponent(this.value),true);    xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){        if(xhr.readyState == 4){        //console.log(xhr.status);        //console.log(xhr.statusText);        if(xhr.status == 200){          //console.log(xhr.responseText);          //console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));          var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);          if(obj.code){            oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;          }          else{            oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;          }        }      }      };    xhr.send(null);  };  </script>  </body>  </html>

ajax3.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">  <title>无标题文档</title>    </head>    <body>  <form action="reg.php" method="post">    用户名 : <input id="input1" type="text" name="username">   <!--username=dada-->      <input type="submit" value="注册">  </form>  <div id="div1"></div>  <script>  var oInput = document.getElementById('input1');  var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');    oInput.onblur = function(){    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();    xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);    xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){        if(xhr.readyState == 4){        //console.log(xhr.status);        //console.log(xhr.statusText);        if(xhr.status == 200){          //console.log(xhr.responseText);          //console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));          var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);          if(obj.code){            oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;          }          else{            oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;          }        }      }      };    //xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');    //xhr.send('username='+encodeURIComponent(this.value));      //'username=dada&age=12'      //xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');    //xhr.send('{"username":"dada","age":12}');    //xhr.send(JSON.stringify({"username":"dada","age":12}));      //{"username":"dada","age":12} ->  $.param()  ->  'username=dada&age=12'    };  </script>  </body>  </html>

ajax4.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">  <title>无标题文档</title>  <script src="jquery-2.1.3.min.js"></script>  <script>    $.ajax({    url : 'jquery.php',    type : 'POST',    data : {username:"dada"},    dataType : 'json',    async : false,    success : function(data){   //xhr.responseText      console.log(data);      //var obj = JSON.parse(data);      //console.log(obj);    },    error : function(err){      console.log(err.status);      console.log(err.statusText);    }  });  console.log(123);  </script>  </head>    <body>  </body>  </html>

ajax5.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">  <title>无标题文档</title>  <script src="jquery-2.1.3.min.js"></script>  <script>    $.ajax({    url : 'data.php',    type : 'POST',    data : {username:"dada"},    dataType : 'json',    async : false,    success : function(data){   //xhr.responseText      console.log(data);      //var obj = JSON.parse(data);      //console.log(obj);    },    error : function(err){      console.log(err.status);      console.log(err.statusText);    }  });  console.log(123);  </script>  </head>    <body>  </body>  </html>

connect.php

<?PHP      header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");    $con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');    mysql_select_db('ajaxitem');    mysql_query('set names utf8');    ?

data.php

<?PHP      require_once('connect.php');      //$sql = "delete from reg where username = 'da1'";    //$query = mysql_query($sql);      $sql = "update reg set username = 'da1' where id = 4";    $query = mysql_query($sql);      $sql = "select * from reg limit 2";    $query = mysql_query($sql);      //print_r($query);    //print_r(mysql_num_rows($query));      //$row = mysql_fetch_row($query);    //print_r($row);      /*while($row = mysql_fetch_row($query)){    //数组下标的方式输入      print_r($row);    }*/      /*while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)){    //数组键值的方式输入      print_r($row);    }*/      /*while($row = mysql_fetch_array($query)){    //数组整体的方式输入      print_r($row);    }*/      /*while($row = mysql_fetch_object($query)){    //对象键值的方式输入      print_r($row);    }*/    /*while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)){    //数组键值的方式输入      print_r($row['username']);    }*/    /*while($row = mysql_fetch_object($query)){    //对象键值的方式输入      print_r($row -> username);    }*/    while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)){    //数组键值的方式输入      $data[] = $row;    }      //print_r(json_encode($data));      echo json_encode($data);    ?>

user.php

<?PHP      require_once('connect.php');      $username = $_REQUEST['username'];      $sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";    $query = mysql_query($sql);      if($query && mysql_num_rows($query)){      echo '{"code":0 , "message" : "已经有人注册过啦"}';    }    else{      echo '{"code":1 , "message" : "可以注册"}';    }    ?>

jquery.php

<?PHP      //echo 'red';    echo '{"color":"red","width":"200px"}';    ?>

reg.php

<?PHP      //username -> hello      require_once('connect.php');      $username = $_POST['username'];    $sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";    $query = mysql_query($sql);      if($query && mysql_num_rows($query)){      echo "<script>alert('已经有人注册过啦')</script>";      echo "<script>history.back()</script>";    }    else{      $sql = "insert into reg(username) values('$username')";      $query = mysql_query($sql);      if($query){        echo "<script>alert('注册成功')</script>";        echo "<script>window.location = 'index.html'</script>";      }    }    ?>

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作者Info:

【作者】:Jeskson 【原创公众号】:达达前端小酒馆。 【福利】:公众号回复 “资料” 送自学资料大礼包(进群分享,想要啥就说哈,看我有没有)! 【转载说明】:转载请说明出处,谢谢合作!~

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