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Pytest跳过执行之@pytest.mark.skip()详解

  • 2019 年 12 月 15 日
  • 筆記

一、skip介绍及运用

在我们自动化测试过程中，经常会遇到功能阻塞、功能未实现、环境等一系列外部因素问题导致的一些用例执行不了，这时我们就可以用到跳过skip用例，如果我们注释掉或删除掉，后面还要进行恢复操作。

1、skip跳过成功，标识为s ============================= 2 skipped in 0.04s ==============================

2、pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py']) 用-rs执行，跳过原因才会显示SKIPPED [1] test01.py:415: 跳过Test类，会跳过类中所有方法

3、skip跳过，无条件和原因@pytest.mark.skipif()

4、skip跳过，无需满足条件true、有跳过原因@pytest.mark.skipif(reason='无条件，只有跳过原因')

5、skip跳过，需满足条件true、且有跳过原因@pytest.mark.skipif(条件1==1,reason='跳过原因')

6、skip赋值变量，多处调用myskip=pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='skip赋值给变量，可多处调用')

然后@myskip使用

二、跳过测试类

@pytest.mark.skip()和@pytest.mark.skipif()两个标签，用他们装饰测试类

1、被标记的类中所有方法测试用例都会被跳过

2、被标记的类，当条件为ture时，会被跳过，否则不跳过

#skip跳过类    import pytest,sys  @pytest.mark.skip(reason='跳过Test类，会跳过类中所有方法')  class Test(object):      def test_one(self):          assert 1==1      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==2  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py ss                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [2] test01.py: 跳过Test类，会跳过类中所有方法  ============================= 2 skipped in 0.07s ==============================    Process finished with exit code 0          #skip满足条件，skip跳过类  import pytest,sys  @pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='跳过Test类，会跳过类中所有方法')  class Test(object):      def test_one(self):          assert 1==1      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==2  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py ss                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:415: 跳过Test类，会跳过类中所有方法  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:417: 跳过Test类，会跳过类中所有方法  ============================= 2 skipped in 0.04s ==============================    Process finished with exit code 0

三、跳过方法或测试用例

我们想要某个方法或跳过某条用例，在方法上加以下3种都可以

@pytest.mark.skip() #1、跳过方法或用例，未备注原因

@pytest.mark.skip(reason='跳过一个方法或一个测试用例') #2、跳过方法或用例，备注了原因

@pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='跳过一个方法或一个测试用例') #3、当条件满足，跳过方法或用例，备注了原因

1、跳过方法或用例，未备注原因  import pytest,sys  class Test(object):      @pytest.mark.skip()      def test_one(self):          assert 1==2      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==1  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py s.                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:414: unconditional skip  ======================== 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.04s =========================    Process finished with exit code 0    2、跳过方法或用例，备注了原因  import pytest,sys  class Test(object):      @pytest.mark.skip(reason='跳过一个方法或一个测试用例')      def test_one(self):          assert 1==2      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==1  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py s.                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:414: 跳过一个方法或一个测试用例  ======================== 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.05s =========================    Process finished with exit code 0    3、当条件满足，跳过方法或用例，备注了原因  import pytest,sys  class Test(object):      @pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='跳过一个方法或一个测试用例')      def test_one(self):          assert 1==2      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==1  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])    "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py s.                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:414: 跳过一个方法或一个测试用例  ======================== 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.06s =========================    Process finished with exit code 0

四、多个skip时，满足1个条件即跳过

我们在类和方法上分别加了skip，类中满足条件，方法中未满足条件，所以生效类中skip

import pytest,sys  @pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='多个条件时，有1个条件满足就跳过(类)')  class Test(object):      @pytest.mark.skipif(1==2, reason='多个条件时，有1个条件满足就跳过(方法)')      def test_one(self):          assert 1==2      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==1  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py ss                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:418: 多个条件时，有1个条件满足就跳过(类)  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:415: 多个条件时，有1个条件满足就跳过(类)  ============================= 2 skipped in 0.04s ==============================

五、skip赋值给变量，可多出调用

无论是@pytest.mark.skip()标签还是@pytest.mark.skipif()标签，如果你想在多个测试方法上装饰，依次写起来很麻烦的话，你可以选择定义个变量让它等于标签，然后在装饰的时候用该变量代替标签。这种方法，你还可以通过在其他模块中导入的变量的方式，在其他模块中共享标签；如果可以这样的话，我们为什么不新建一个模块用来存放标签呢？这样是不是又方便了许多。

赋值：myskip=pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='skip赋值给变量，可多处调用')

调用：@myskip

import pytest,sys  myskip=pytest.mark.skipif(1==1,reason='skip赋值给变量，可多处调用')  class Test(object):      @myskip      def test_one(self):          assert 1==2      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==1  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py s.                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] test01.py:415: skip赋值给变量，可多处调用  ======================== 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.07s =========================    Process finished with exit code 0

六、pytest.skip()方法内跳过

除了通过使用标签的方式，还可以在测试用例中调用pytest.skip()方法来实现跳过，可以选择传入msg参数来说明跳过原因；如果想要通过判断是否跳过，可以写在if判断里（_）

import pytest,sys  class Test(object):      def test_one(self):          pytest.skip(msg='跳过')          assert 1==2      def test_two(self):          print('test_02')          assert 1==1  if __name__=='__main__':      pytest.main(['-rs','test01.py'])      "C:Program FilesPython35python.exe" C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test01.py  ============================= test session starts =============================  platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-5.1.2, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0  rootdir: C:UserswangliPycharmProjectsTesttest  plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.5, html-1.22.0, metadata-1.8.0  collected 2 items    test01.py s.                                                             [100%]    =========================== short test summary info ===========================  SKIPPED [1] c:userswanglipycharmprojectstesttesttest01.py:416: 跳过  ======================== 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.04s =========================    Process finished with exit code 0

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