Feign【入门】

  • 2019 年 10 月 13 日
  • 筆記

feign简介:

feign是一种声明式,模板化的HTTP客户端,spring cloud对feign进行了增强,使其支持SpringMvc的相关注解,并整合了ribbon做负载均衡。在spring cloud中使用feign做HTTP远程服务请求,可以做到就像调用本地方法一样,完全感知不到是在调用远程方法,具体特性如下:

  • 可插拔的注解支持,包括feign注解和Jax-rs注解、
  • 支持可插拔的HTTP编码器和解码器、
  • 支持hystrix和它的fallback、
  • 支持ribbon负载均衡、
  • 支持HTTP请求和响应的压缩、

1、创建feign-demo工程

1.1、工程依赖

<parent>          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>          <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>          <relativePath/>  </parent>    <properties>          <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>          <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>          <java.version>1.8</java.version>          <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>  </properties>    <dependencyManagement>          <dependencies>              <dependency>                  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>                  <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>                  <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>                  <type>pom</type>                  <scope>import</scope>              </dependency>          </dependencies>  </dependencyManagement>
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring Cloud OpenFeign的Starter的依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

1.2、工程启动类:

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;  import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;  import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;    @SpringBootApplication  @EnableFeignClients  public class SpringCloudFeignApplication {        public static void main(String[] args) {          SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudFeignApplication.class, args);      }  }

可以看到启动类上加了 @EnableFeignClients 注解,意思是当该工程在启动的时候,会进行包扫描,扫描该启动类包以下,子包中所有带 @FeignClient 注解的类(包括启动类所在包),并进行处理。

1.3、编写相关代码

HelloFeignService接口:

import cn.springcloud.book.feign.config.HelloFeignServiceConfig;  import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;    //https://api.caiyunapp.com/v2/TAkhjf8d1nlSlspN/121.6544,25.1552/forecast.json 彩云天气API  @FeignClient(name = "caiyunapp", url = "https://api.caiyunapp.com/v2/TAkhjf8d1nlSlspN/121.6544,25.1552", configuration = HelloFeignServiceConfig.class)  public interface HelloFeignService {          @RequestMapping(value = "/forecast.json", method = RequestMethod.GET)      String searchRepo();    }

如上所示,@FeignClient注解手动指定了URL,最终会根据指定的URL和@RequestMapping对应的方法转换成完整的请求地址。如下:https://api.caiyunapp.com/v2/TAkhjf8d1nlSlspN/121.6544,25.1552/forecast.json

HelloFeignServiceConfig配置类:

import feign.Logger;  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;    @Configuration  public class HelloFeignServiceConfig {        /**       * Logger.Level 的具体级别如下:       * NONE:不记录任何信息       * BASIC:仅记录请求方法、URL以及响应状态码和执行时间       * HEADERS:除了记录 BASIC级别的信息外,还会记录请求和响应的头信息       * FULL:记录所有请求与响应的明细,包括头信息、请求体、元数据       *       * @return       */      @Bean      Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {          return Logger.Level.FULL;      }    }

controller类:

import cn.springcloud.book.feign.service.HelloFeignService;  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;    @RestController  public class HelloFeignController {        @Autowired      private HelloFeignService helloFeignService;        // 服务消费者对位提供的服务      @GetMapping(value = "/search")      public String searchGithubRepoByStr(@RequestParam("str") String queryStr) {          return helloFeignService.searchRepo(queryStr);      }    }

如上所示,controller类中注入了上面编写的接口类,直接调用了相关方法。

2、启动工程

2.1、执行命令:

mvn spring-boot:run

2.2、访问:losthost:8080/search/

 

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