springSecurity使用
- 2020 年 7 月 3 日
- 筆記
- Spring全家桶系列
官网//spring.io/guides/gs/securing-web/
无情的翻译官。。。。。。
1.1 依赖包导入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="//maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 //maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>securing-web</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>securing-web</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
里面引入了测试要用到的web模块，thymeleaf引擎模块，以及咱们的security模块
2.1 没有安全机制下的一个web
测试的项目有两个页面home.html和hello.html
src/main/resources/templates/home.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="//www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="//www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Spring Security Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome!</h1>
<p>Click <a th:href="@{/hello}">here</a> to see a greeting.</p>
</body>
</html>
home页面提交到一个/hello请求，会返回一个hello.html:
src/main/resources/templates/hello.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="//www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="//www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Hello World!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello world!</h1>
</body>
</html>
这个web项目依赖于springmvc，我们可以自定义一下视图解析器：
src/main/java/com/example/securingweb/MvcConfig.java：
package com.example.securingweb;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class MvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/home").setViewName("home");
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("home");
registry.addViewController("/hello").setViewName("hello");
registry.addViewController("/login").setViewName("login");
}
}
这种无安全机制的web任何人都可以通过localhost:8080/hello 直接访问到hello.html.
假设我们要防止那些没有经过授权的用户进入到hello.html页面，就需要用到我们的security模块。
3.1 做一个安全机制的web
在引入了我们的security包的情况下，我们需要自定义下我们的安全规则;
src/main/java/com/example/securingweb/WebSecurityConfig.java:
package com.example.securingweb;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/", "/home").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/login")
.permitAll()
.and()
.logout()
.permitAll();
}
@Bean
@Override
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
UserDetails user =
User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
.username("user")
.password("password")
.roles("USER")
.build();
return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user);
}
}
- @EnableWebSecurity:用于开启springSecurity模块功能和提供与springmvc集成的功能
- WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter：自定义的配置都要继承这个类
- configure(HttpSecurity)：定义了哪些http请求需要被安全加密，哪些可以被放行通过。这里”/”,”home”这两个路径不需要任何授权请求，也就是说任何人都可以访问。这里注意链式写法用.and()衔接。
- formLogin()和logout()这两个一般都是单独定制，对于formLogin()我们把它转向到我们自己写的login页面，否则SpringSecurity在拦截到一个非法请求的时候会返回你一个自带的login页面。当然对于这两个页面我们都是对放行的。
- userDetailsService() ：定义了一个内存对象，这里注意withDefaultPasswordEncoder(),高版本的SpringSecurity已经不允许明码形式的密码，必须对密码进行加密再传送。
src/main/resources/templates/login.html：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="//www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="//www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Spring Security Example </title>
</head>
<body>
<div th:if="${param.error}">
Invalid username and password.
</div>
<div th:if="${param.logout}">
You have been logged out.
</div>
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
<div><label> User Name : <input type="text" name="username"/> </label></div>
<div><label> Password: <input type="password" name="password"/> </label></div>
<div><input type="submit" value="Sign In"/></div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
src/main/resources/templates/hello.html：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="//www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="//www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Hello World!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 th:inline="text">Hello [[${#httpServletRequest.remoteUser}]]!</h1>
<form th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="Sign Out"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
