【DB笔试面试480】 RAC中如何指定JOB的运行实例?
- 2019 年 10 月 10 日
- 筆記
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题目部分
RAC中如何指定JOB的运行实例?
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答案部分
在RAC中,可以让JOB在某个指定的实例上运行。对于DBMS_JOB和DBMS_SCHEDULER来说,它们的指定方法不同:
(1)在DBMS_JOB下,在执行SYS.DBMS_JOB.SUBMIT包创建JOB的时候,可以指定INSTANCE参数,该参数指定了JOB运行的实例。在RAC环境中,采用DBMS_JOB包可以指定JOB运行时候的实例。
示例代码如下所示,该例子展示了获取RAC数据库的IP地址并记录到临时表T_IPADDRESS_LHR中,例子很经典,希望读者可以理解。
1) 创建临时表用于记录RAC数据库的IP地址
DROP TABLE T_IPADDRESS_LHR; CREATE TABLE T_IPADDRESS_LHR(INST_ID NUMBER, HOST_NAME VARCHAR2(255), HOST_IP VARCHAR2(255) );
2) 创建视图VH_IPADDRESS_LHR用于从V$DIAG_ALERT_EXT中获取IP地址
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW VH_IPADDRESS_LHR AS SELECT A.HOST_ID || ': ' || A.HOST_ADDRESS HOST_IP1, A.HOST_ADDRESS HOST_IP2, A.HOST_ID HOST_NAME2 FROM V$DIAG_ALERT_EXT A WHERE A.COMPONENT_ID = 'RDBMS' AND UPPER(A.FILENAME) = (SELECT UPPER(SUBSTR(D.VALUE, 1, (LENGTH(D.VALUE) - 5)) || 'ALERT' || SUBSTR(D.VALUE, -6, 1) || 'LOG.XML') FROM V$PARAMETER D WHERE D.NAME = 'BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST') AND A.INDX = (SELECT MAX(B.INDX) FROM V$DIAG_ALERT_EXT B WHERE B.COMPONENT_ID = 'RDBMS' AND UPPER(B.FILENAME) = (SELECT UPPER(SUBSTR(D.VALUE, 1, (LENGTH(D.VALUE) - 5)) || 'ALERT' || SUBSTR(D.VALUE, -6, 1) || 'LOG.XML') FROM V$PARAMETER D WHERE D.NAME = 'BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST')); /
3) 创建存储过程用于在指定的实例上运行程序,首先从函数UTL_INADDR.GET_HOST_ADDRESS中获取,若是系统没有该包,则从视图VH_IPADDRESS_LHR中获取IP地址
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PH_IP_LHR AS V_SQL VARCHAR2(4000); BEGIN INSERT INTO T_IPADDRESS_LHR (INST_ID, HOST_NAME) SELECT V.INSTANCE_NUMBER, V.HOST_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE V; COMMIT; V_SQL := 'UPDATE T_IPADDRESS_LHR T SET T.HOST_IP = UTL_INADDR.GET_HOST_ADDRESS WHERE T.INST_ID = USERENV(''INSTANCE'')'; EXECUTE IMMEDIATE V_SQL; COMMIT; EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN V_SQL := 'UPDATE T_IPADDRESS_LHR T SET T.HOST_IP = (SELECT V.HOST_IP2 FROM VH_IPADDRESS_LHR V) WHERE T.INST_ID = USERENV(''INSTANCE'')'; EXECUTE IMMEDIATE V_SQL; COMMIT; END PH_IP_LHR; /
4) 创建JOB来获取IP地址
DECLARE X NUMBER; BEGIN FOR CUR IN (SELECT B.JOB FROM DBA_JOBS B WHERE B.WHAT = 'PH_IP_LHR;') LOOP SYS.DBMS_IJOB.REMOVE(CUR.JOB); COMMIT; END LOOP; FOR CUR IN (SELECT B.INST_ID FROM GV$INSTANCE B) LOOP SYS.DBMS_JOB.SUBMIT(JOB => X, WHAT => 'PH_IP_LHR;', NEXT_DATE => SYSDATE+CUR.INST_ID/8640, INTERVAL => 'NULL', NO_PARSE => FALSE, INSTANCE => CUR.INST_ID); COMMIT; END LOOP; END; /
(2)DBMS_SCHEDULER下指定实例运行JOB稍微有点复杂,首先创建SERVICE,再创建JOB_CLASS,最后创建JOB才可以,具体过程可以参考如下案例的代码。
该例子和上面的DBMS_JOB例子一样展示了获取集群数据库的IP地址并记录到临时表T_IPADDRESS_LHR中,例子的前3步和上面的例子一样,不再赘述,接下来就是创建SERVICE和JOB_CLASS,最后是创建JOB的过程。
BEGIN FOR CUR IN (SELECT V.INST_ID, V.INSTANCE_NAME, 'INST_LHR_' || V.INST_ID SERVICE_NAME, 'LHR_RAC' || V.INST_ID || '_JOB_CLASS' JOB_CLASS_NAME, 'RAC_LHR_' || V.INST_ID JOB_NAME FROM GV$INSTANCE V) LOOP BEGIN DBMS_SERVICE.STOP_SERVICE(SERVICE_NAME => CUR.SERVICE_NAME, INSTANCE_NAME => CUR.INSTANCE_NAME); DBMS_SERVICE.DELETE_SERVICE(SERVICE_NAME => CUR.SERVICE_NAME); EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN NULL; END; BEGIN DBMS_SCHEDULER.DROP_JOB_CLASS(JOB_CLASS_NAME => CUR.JOB_CLASS_NAME, FORCE => TRUE); EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN NULL; END; BEGIN DBMS_SCHEDULER.DROP_JOB(JOB_NAME => CUR.JOB_NAME, FORCE => TRUE); EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN NULL; END; END LOOP; FOR CUR IN (SELECT V.INST_ID, V.INSTANCE_NAME, 'INST_LHR_' || V.INST_ID SERVICE_NAME, 'LHR_RAC' || V.INST_ID || '_JOB_CLASS' JOB_CLASS_NAME, 'RAC_LHR_' || V.INST_ID JOB_NAME FROM GV$INSTANCE V) LOOP DBMS_SERVICE.CREATE_SERVICE(SERVICE_NAME => CUR.SERVICE_NAME, NETWORK_NAME => CUR.SERVICE_NAME); DBMS_SERVICE.START_SERVICE(SERVICE_NAME => CUR.SERVICE_NAME, INSTANCE_NAME => CUR.INSTANCE_NAME); DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB_CLASS(JOB_CLASS_NAME => CUR.JOB_CLASS_NAME, SERVICE => CUR.SERVICE_NAME); DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB(JOB_NAME => 'RAC_LHR_' || CUR.INST_ID, JOB_TYPE => 'STORED_PROCEDURE', JOB_ACTION => 'PH_IP_LHR', REPEAT_INTERVAL => NULL, --'FREQ=MINUTELY;INTERVAL=1' JOB_CLASS => CUR.JOB_CLASS_NAME, END_DATE => NULL, ENABLED => TRUE); END LOOP; END; /
& 说明:
有关具体的操作过程可以参考我的BLOG:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2072635/
本文选自《Oracle程序员面试笔试宝典》,作者:李华荣。