【Spring Boot源码分析】@EnableAutoConfiguration注解(一)@AutoConfigurationImportSelector注解的处理

  • 2019 年 10 月 8 日
  • 筆記

Java及Spring Boot新手,首次尝试源码分析,欢迎指正!

 

一、概述

@EnableAutoConfiguration注解是Spring Boot中配置自动装载的总开关。本文将从@EnableAutoConfiguration入手,尝试通过源码分析增强对Spring Boot的理解。
 
所用版本:Spring Boot 2.2.0.M5 + Spring Framework 5.2.0.RC1
 

1. 功能的实现:(Spring Boot部分)

boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration注解
  -> @Import了一个AutoConfigurationImportSelector实例
  -> AutoConfigurationImportSelector类(implement ImportSelector),实现了selectImports() 方法,用来筛选被@Import的Configuration类(减去exclude等)

 

2. 接口的调度:(Spring部分)

context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser类的parse() 方法
    -> 调用对应不同BeanDefinition类型的parse() 方法
    |   -> 调用context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass()方法处理ConfigurationClass
    |       -> 调用processImports()方法来处理所有@Import注解
    |           -> 遍历每个@Import标签,生成被注入的ImportSelector子类的实例
    |               -> 对于普通ImportSelector,调用其selectImport()方法,筛掉exclude的,再嵌套processImports(),对需要被@Import的类的@Import注解进行处理
    |               -> 对于DefferedImportSelector,只加入deferredImportSelectors列表中
    -> 对defferedImportImportSelectors调用相应handler的process()方法进行处理
        -> 对DefferedImportImportSelector调用processImports()

 

3. 接口在框架中的位置:(其中一条路径,由顶向下)

【Spring Boot部分】
boot.SpringApplication.main() 或 ApplicationStarter.main()
boot.SpringApplication.run()
boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext()
boot.SpringApplication.refresh()
boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh()
【Spring部分】
context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh()
context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()
context.support.PostPreprocessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()
context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory()
context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions()
context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse()  (正是上一小结所述接口)

 

二、源码细节

(SpringBoot) boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration注解

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)  @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  @Documented  @Inherited  @AutoConfigurationPackage  @Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) // 载入selector,识别AutoConfigutaion类并import  public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {  	String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";  	// @interface的参数,以方法形式声明  	Class<?>[] exclude() default {};  	String[] excludeName() default {};  }  

 
@EnableAutoConfiguration注解有两个参数和一个属性变量。
注入了一个AutoConfigurationImportSelector类实例,看起来应该是用于筛选AutoConfiguration的Import的。
@AutoConfigurationPackage待以后另行分析。

 

(SpringBoot) boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector类

    public class AutoConfigurationImportSelector implements DeferredImportSelector, BeanClassLoaderAware,  		ResourceLoaderAware, BeanFactoryAware, EnvironmentAware, Ordered {      //......      @Override  	public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {  		// 如果AutoConfiguration没开,返回{}  		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {  			return NO_IMPORTS;  		}  		// 将spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties的键值对配置载入到PropertiesAutoConfigurationMetadata对象中并返回  		AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader  				.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);          // 基于各种配置计算需要import的configuration和exclusion  		AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata,  				annotationMetadata);  		return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());  	}        // 判断AudoConfiguration是否开启  	protected boolean isEnabled(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {  		if (getClass() == AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) {  			// 如果配置文件中有"spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration",返回该字段的值;否则返回true  			return getEnvironment().getProperty(EnableAutoConfiguration.ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY, Boolean.class, true);  		}  		return true;  	}        protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,  			AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {  		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {  			return EMPTY_ENTRY;  		}  		// 获取注解的属性值  		AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);  		// 从META-INF/spring.factories文件中获取EnableAutoConfiguration所对应的configurations  		List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);  		// 去重,List转Set再转List  		configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);  		// 从注解的exclude/excludeName属性中获取排除项  		Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);  		// 对于不属于AutoConfiguration的exclude报错  		checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);  		// 从configurations去除exclusions  		configurations.removeAll(exclusions);  		// 由所有AutoConfigurationImportFilter类的实例再进行一次筛选,去  		configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);  		// 把AutoConfigurationImportEvent绑定在所有AutoConfigurationImportListener子类实例上  		fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);  		// 返回(configurations, exclusions)组  		return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);  	}      // ......  }  

 

可见selectImports()是AutoConfigurationImportSelector的核心函数,其核心功能就是获取spring.factories中EnableAutoConfiguration所对应的Configuration类列表,由@EnableAutoConfiguration注解中的exclude/excludeName参数筛选一遍,再由AutoConfigurationImportFilter类所有实例筛选一遍,得到最终的用于Import的configuration和exclusion。
该函数是被谁调用的呢?在org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser类中被processImports()调用,而processImports()函数被doProcessConfigurationClass()调用。下面从doProcessConfigurationClass() 看起。
 
 

(Spring) context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass()方法

其中,configClass是一个ConfigurationClass实例,记录了bean name(返回的bean名)和meta data(配置数据);sourceClass是简单封装后的有注解的类,主要方便对类的注解的使用,初始值是封装过的configClass。

doProcessConfigurationClass() 对ConfigurationClass进行了各种配置,包括process @ComponentScan, process @Bean, process @Import等等。如果该SourceClass有父类,返回父类,否则返回null。

 

        @Nullable  	protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass)  			throws IOException {  		// ......  		// Process any @Import annotations  		processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), true);    		// ......  		// Process superclass, if any  		if (sourceClass.getMetadata().hasSuperClass()) {  			String superclass = sourceClass.getMetadata().getSuperClassName();  			if (superclass != null && !superclass.startsWith("java") &&  					!this.knownSuperclasses.containsKey(superclass)) {  				this.knownSuperclasses.put(superclass, configClass);  				// Superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recurse  				return sourceClass.getSuperClass();  			}  		}    		// No superclass -> processing is complete  		return null;  	}  

 

其中,processImports()方法的第三个参数中,getImports()方法嵌套的遍历了sourceClass的注解,搜集所有@Import注解的值,即被Import的类名集合。

 

	private Set<SourceClass> getImports(SourceClass sourceClass) throws IOException {  		Set<SourceClass> imports = new LinkedHashSet<>();  		Set<SourceClass> visited = new LinkedHashSet<>();  		collectImports(sourceClass, imports, visited);  		return imports;  	}    	private void collectImports(SourceClass sourceClass, Set<SourceClass> imports, Set<SourceClass> visited)  			throws IOException {          // 如果是头一次添加  		if (visited.add(sourceClass)) {  			for (SourceClass annotation : sourceClass.getAnnotations()) {  				String annName = annotation.getMetadata().getClassName();                  // 当前注解的类名是否是Import  				if (!annName.equals(Import.class.getName())) {                      // 嵌套遍历被Import的类  					collectImports(annotation, imports, visited);  				}  			}              // 增加Import注解的值,即被Import的类名  			imports.addAll(sourceClass.getAnnotationAttributes(Import.class.getName(), "value"));  		}  	}  

 

(Spring) context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processImports()方法

processImports() 的第一个参数configClass,是上层函数processConfigurationClass()的唯一参数,即被处理的Configuration类。第二个参数currentSourceClass是configClass的SourceClass类封装。第三个参数是嵌套遍历出的所有需要被Import的类。第四个参数指定是否检查循环import。

	private void processImports(ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass currentSourceClass,  			Collection<SourceClass> importCandidates, boolean checkForCircularImports) {    		// ......  				for (SourceClass candidate : importCandidates) {                      // 如果candidate(即被@Import的类)是ImportSelector的子类  					if (candidate.isAssignable(ImportSelector.class)) {  						// Candidate class is an ImportSelector -> delegate to it to determine imports  						Class<?> candidateClass = candidate.loadClass();                          // 生成candidate class(一个ImportSelector子类)的实例  						ImportSelector selector = BeanUtils.instantiateClass(candidateClass, ImportSelector.class);                          // 将ImportSelector子类实例挂载为对应功能的Aware类(用于消息通知?)  						ParserStrategyUtils.invokeAwareMethods(  								selector, this.environment, this.resourceLoader, this.registry);                          // DeferredImportSelector是一种特殊的ImportSelector,这里单独处理  						if (selector instanceof DeferredImportSelector) {                              // 挂到deferredImportSelectors列表上  							this.deferredImportSelectorHandler.handle(configClass, (DeferredImportSelector) selector);  						}  						else {                              // 筛选符合要求的@Import的名字  							String[] importClassNames = selector.selectImports(currentSourceClass.getMetadata());                              // 转换成名字对应的类的集合  							Collection<SourceClass> importSourceClasses = asSourceClasses(importClassNames);                              // 嵌套判断被@Import的类是不是还有@Import注解  							processImports(configClass, currentSourceClass, importSourceClasses, false);  						}  					}  					// ......  				}  		// ......  	}  

 

(Spring) context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.DefferedImportSelectorHandler私有类

deferredImportSelectors已被初始化为ArrayList<>(),因此全部走else分支。

private class DeferredImportSelectorHandler {  		@Nullable  		private List<DeferredImportSelectorHolder> deferredImportSelectors = new ArrayList<>();    		public void handle(ConfigurationClass configClass, DeferredImportSelector importSelector) {  			DeferredImportSelectorHolder holder = new DeferredImportSelectorHolder(  					configClass, importSelector); // 一个封装后的pair              // deferredImportSelectors被初始化为ArrayList<>(),所以if分支永远不会执行到?  			if (this.deferredImportSelectors == null) {  				DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler handler = new DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler();  				handler.register(holder); // 注册到DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler.configurationClasses中  				handler.processGroupImports(); // -> processImports()  			}  			else {                  // 所有的DeferredImportSelector类实例都挂到deferredImportSelectors列表上  				this.deferredImportSelectors.add(holder);  			}  		}          // ......  }  

  

那么deferredImportSelectors上挂载的DefferedImportSelector类是何时处理的呢?
doProcessConfigurationClass() 方法被processConfigurationClass() 调用,而processConfigurationClass() 被parse() 调用。可以看到在处理完所有的普通ImportSelector类后,即嵌套载入需要的被Import的类的实例之后,再统一处理DefferedImportSelector类。
 

(Spring) context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass() 方法

    protected void processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass) throws IOException {          // ...            // Recursively process the configuration class and its superclass hierarchy.          SourceClass sourceClass = asSourceClass(configClass);          do {              // 如果sourceClass有父类会返回父类,否则返回null              sourceClass = doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass);          }          while (sourceClass != null);            this.configurationClasses.put(configClass, configClass);      }  

  

(Spring) context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse() 方法

        public void parse(Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates) {      	// 处理所有的ImportSelector类,其中DeferredImportSelector类只挂在deferredImportSelectorHandler列表上不处理,其他均处理,即嵌套遍历被Import的类  		for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : configCandidates) {  			BeanDefinition bd = holder.getBeanDefinition();  			try {  				if (bd instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {  					parse(((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) bd).getMetadata(), holder.getBeanName());  				}  				else if (bd instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition && ((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).hasBeanClass()) {  					parse(((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).getBeanClass(), holder.getBeanName());  				}  				else {  					parse(bd.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());  				}  			}  			catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {  				throw ex;  			}  			catch (Throwable ex) {  				throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(  						"Failed to parse configuration class [" + bd.getBeanClassName() + "]", ex);  			}  		}        	// 处理deferredImportSelectorHandler上挂着的DeferredImportSelector类  		this.deferredImportSelectorHandler.process();  	}    	protected final void parse(@Nullable String className, String beanName) throws IOException {  		Assert.notNull(className, "No bean class name for configuration class bean definition");  		MetadataReader reader = this.metadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(className);  		processConfigurationClass(new ConfigurationClass(reader, beanName));  	}    	protected final void parse(Class<?> clazz, String beanName) throws IOException {  		processConfigurationClass(new ConfigurationClass(clazz, beanName));  	}    	protected final void parse(AnnotationMetadata metadata, String beanName) throws IOException {  		processConfigurationClass(new ConfigurationClass(metadata, beanName));  	}  

  

再来看看DeferredImportSelector实例是如何被处理的。

 

(Spring) context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.DefferedImportSelectorHandler私有类

和普通ConfigurationClass一样,DefferedImportSelector最后也是先注册到列表中,再依次嵌套处理,只不过在import前多了一个根据order排序。

	// 对@Order(...)进行排序  	private static final Comparator<DeferredImportSelectorHolder> DEFERRED_IMPORT_COMPARATOR =  			(o1, o2) -> AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE.compare(o1.getImportSelector(), o2.getImportSelector());    	private class DeferredImportSelectorHandler {      	// ...      	public void process() {  			List<DeferredImportSelectorHolder> deferredImports = this.deferredImportSelectors;  			this.deferredImportSelectors = null;  			try {  				if (deferredImports != null) {  					DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler handler = new DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler();  					deferredImports.sort(DEFERRED_IMPORT_COMPARATOR);                      // 添加到handler的configurationClasses列表中  					deferredImports.forEach(handler::register);                      // 对handler中每个grouping的每个configClass,调用processImports()  					handler.processGroupImports();  				}  			}  			finally {  				this.deferredImportSelectors = new ArrayList<>();  			}  		}  	}  

 

DONE.