Oracle 19C的下载和安装部署（图形安装和静默安装）

• 2019 年 10 月 8 日
• 筆記

Oracle 19c的官网地址：

https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ladbi/operating-system-checklist-for-oracle-database-installation-on-linux.html

Oracle Database 19c ，也就是12.2.0.3，最初在livesql.oracle.com上发布，是Oracle Database 12c和18c系列产品的最终版本，因此也是“长期支持”版本（以前称为“终端版本”）。 “长期支持”意味着Oracle Database 19c提供4年的高级支持（截止到2023年1月底）和至少3年的延长支持（截至2026年1月底）。 这个扩展的支持窗口对我们的很多客户至关重要，因为很多客户制定了相关的升级策略。有关最新的Oracle支持计划，请参阅My Oracle Support上的文档ID 742060.1。截止目前，Oracle Database 19c已经可以在Oracle数据库一体机上使用了。

Oracle12c版本的说明： Oracle12cR2=12.2.0.1 Oracle18C=12.2.0.2 Oracle19c=12.2.0.3

在MOS 官方文章：Release Schedule of Current Database Releases (文档 ID 742060.1) 上，可以清晰的看到Oracle的版本计划。

Oracle Database 19c 的目标

Oracle Database 19c 是大多数客户准备要升级的版本，Oracle已将 稳定性 作为此版本的核心目标。在Oracle Database 19c中，开发人员专注于修复已知问题，而不是添加新功能。 在数年内我们已有数百人和数千台服务器每天24小时的运行测试。测试包括数据库的核心、安装程序，再到组成产品的子程序及实用工具的堆栈等所有方面。目标只有一个，保证数据库的稳定性。真正的为客户带来实惠。

在Linux上安装Oracle Database 19c，需要OL7、RHEL7、SLES12及以上的更高版本。下面的内容来自官方文档

The following Linux x86-64 kernels are supported: Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4: 4.1.12-112.16.7.el7uek.x86_64 or later Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 5: 4.14.35-1818.1.6.el7uek.x86_64 or later Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 3.10.0-693.5.2.0.1.el7.x86_64 or later Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4: 3.10.0-693.5.2.0.1.el7.x86_64 or later SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3: 4.4.103-92.56-default or later

Oracle Enterprise Linux6和RedHat Linux6并没有出现在官方给的列表中。随着时间的推移，不只是要升级操作系统，还要升级数据库。要做好升级规划。要不后期就会有意想不到的问题。19c也就是12.2.0.3，是12c系列里面的终极版本，重在稳定！

一： Oracle19C 安装包下载

下载地址如下：

https://edelivery.oracle.com

选择安装包

同意

开始下载

二： Oracle19C 图形化界面 安装

……

这里可以自动跑root脚本，不需要在单独跑root了

[root@oracle-server001 19]# /u01/app/oracle19/product/19.2.0/db_1/root.sh

[oracle19@oracle-server001 db_1]$ netca

[oracle19@oracle-server001 db_1]$ dbca

静默部分 ：

Oracle 18c的db_home.zip安装包大概4.25G，解压后有 8.9G ，数据库软件安装完成后有 9.4G；而Oracle 19c（V981623-01-db.zip）安装包大概2.82G，解压后有6.5G ，数据库软件安装完成后有7G ，感觉比18c优化了很多，而且可以不需要单独执行root.sh脚本了。

从Oracle 18c开始，在安装数据库软件时，需要把压缩文件解压到 $ORACLE_HOME 路径下，在此目录下运行 ./runInstaller

创建用户oracle19：

/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G oper,dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle19  passwd oracle19  mkdir -p /u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1  mkdir -p /u19/app/oraInventory  chown -R oracle19:oinstall /u19/app  

创建环境变量：

vi .bash_profile  umask 022  export ORACLE_SID=lhr19c  export ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle  export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib  export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"  export TMP=/tmp  export TMPDIR=$TMP  export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH  export EDITOR=vi  export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin  export ORACLE_PATH=.:$ORACLE_BASE/dba_scripts/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin  export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin  #export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" --AL32UTF8 SELECT userenv('LANGUAGE') db_NLS_LANG FROM DUAL;  export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"  alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'  alias rman='rlwrap rman'  alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'  

安装：

cd $ORACLE_HOME  unzip /V981623-01-db-19.2.0.0.0.zip  

响应文件：$ORACLE_HOME/install/response/db_install.rsp

静默安装19c：

---静默安装 19c 数据库单机软件  /u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent  -force -noconfig  -ignorePrereq   oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0   oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY   UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall   INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u19/app/oraInventory   ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle   ORACLE_HOME=/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1   oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE   oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba   oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper   oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba   oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba   oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba   oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba   oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true   oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT  

静默方式创建FS存储方式的单实例（含一个PDB）：

dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE   -gdbname lhr19c  -sid lhr19c   -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE   -numberOfPDBs 1   -pdbName lhrpdb2   -pdbAdminPassword lhr   -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr   -datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata'   -recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'   -redoLogFileSize 50   -storageType FS   -characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16   -sampleSchema true   -totalMemory 2048   -databaseType OLTP    -emConfiguration NONE  

执行过程：

[oracle19@rac18c-n1 dbhome_1]$ /u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent  -force -noconfig  -ignorePrereq   > oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0   > oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY   > UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall   > INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/u19/app/oraInventory   > ORACLE_BASE=/u01/u19/app/oracle   > ORACLE_HOME=/u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1   > oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE   > oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba   > oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper   > oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba   > oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba   > oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba   > oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba   > oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true   > oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT  Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...   Enter password for 'root' user:  [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.     CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log     ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.  The response file for this session can be found at:   /u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.rsp  You can find the log of this install session at:   /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log  Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).  [oracle19@rac18c-n1 dbhome_1]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE   > -gdbname lhr19c  -sid lhr19c   > -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE   > -numberOfPDBs 1   > -pdbName pdb2   > -pdbAdminPassword lhr   > -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr   > -datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata'   > -recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'   > -redoLogFileSize 50   > -storageType FS   > -characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16   > -sampleSchema true   > -totalMemory 2048   > -databaseType OLTP    > -emConfiguration NONE  [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.     CAUSE:  a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].  b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password     ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.  [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.     CAUSE:  a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].  b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password     ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.  [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.     CAUSE:  a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].  b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password     ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.  Prepare for db operation  8% complete  Copying database files  31% complete  Creating and starting Oracle instance  32% complete  36% complete  40% complete  43% complete  46% complete  Completing Database Creation  51% complete  53% complete  54% complete  Creating Pluggable Databases  58% complete  77% complete  Executing Post Configuration Actions  100% complete  Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:   /u01/u19/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/lhr19c.  Database Information:  Global Database Name:lhr19c  System Identifier(SID):lhr19c  Look at the log file "/u01/u19/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/lhr19c/lhr19c1.log" for further details.  

据说，19c可以这样连接数据库：

[oracle19@rac18c-n1 bin]$ sqlplus system/[email protected]:1521,192.168.20.12:1521/lhr19c?connect_timeout=60  SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 6 13:56:20 2019  Version 19.2.0.0.0  Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  Last Successful login time: Wed Mar 06 2019 13:56:05 +08:00  Connected to:  Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production  Version 19.2.0.0.0  SQL>  SQL>  SQL>  SQL>  SQL> col BANNER_FULL format a80  SQL> select BANNER_FULL,CON_ID from v$version;  BANNER_FULL                                                                          CON_ID  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------  Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production                    0  Version 19.2.0.0.0  SQL> conn  / as sysdba  Connected.  SQL> show pdbs        CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED  ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------           2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO           3 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO  

1、经过测试，Oracle 19c 可以在CentOS 7.3环境上安装，但是在RHEL6.5上不能安装

2、在安装过程中可以设置root.sh脚本自动执行