Pywinauto之Windows UI自动化2

• 2019 年 10 月 8 日
• 筆記

上篇实现了如何打开一个PC端应用程序，接下来就要操作应用窗口了

一、查看pywinauto帮助文档

上篇文章中也有写到pywinauto官网地址，查看pywinauto的帮助文档：https://pywinauto.readthedocs.io/en/latest/code/pywinauto.application.html

从文档中可以查看到操作窗口空间的相关方法和示例；

二、操作实例

1、测试的PC端应用程序

输出代码

2、通过window.print_control_identifiers() # 打印'标识符'，将控件及其后代的标识符打印到深度深度

from pywinauto import Application  import time    app = Application(backend="uia").start(r"D:toolszhanxunpingtaiUPGRADEDOWNLOAD_R21.0.0001                                           UPGRADEDOWNLOAD_R21.0.0001BinUpgradeDownload.exe")  """判断是否有弹框"""  while not app.top_window():      time.sleep(3)    """检查指定对话框的名称"""  window = app.window(title="UpgradeDownload - R21.0.0001")  window.print_control_identifiers()  # 打印'标识符'，将控件及其后代的标识符打印到深度深度  time.sleep(2)

运行上面的代码，输出如下结果

D:pythonpython3.6.1python36.exe D:/work/test/2019_07_25/python_PC.py  Control Identifiers:    Dialog - 'UpgradeDownload - R21.0.0001'    (L200, T200, R1640, B960)  ['UpgradeDownload - R21.0.0001', 'UpgradeDownload - R21.0.0001Dialog', 'Dialog', 'Dialog0', 'Dialog1']  child_window(title="UpgradeDownload - R21.0.0001", control_type="Window")     |     | Dialog - 'Download'    (L677, T475, R1163, B686)     | ['Download', 'DownloadDialog', 'Dialog2']     | child_window(title="Download", control_type="Window")     |    |     |    | Button - '是(Y)'    (L965, T640, R1053, B670)     |    | ['是(Y)Button', 'Button', '是(Y)', 'Button0', 'Button1']     |    | child_window(title="是(Y)", auto_id="6", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Button - '否(N)'    (L1063, T640, R1151, B670)     |    | ['否(N)', 'Button2', '否(N)Button']     |    | child_window(title="否(N)", auto_id="7", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Image - ''    (L705, T530, R737, B562)     |    | ['', 'Image', '0', '1']     |    | child_window(auto_id="20", control_type="Image")     |    |     |    | Static - 'Load latest pac file?nn\10.0.3.206share_nxosROMDebugMS18YZ-ZXV1.0.0_2019.07.29_11.26.04YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0_pacYZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0.pac'    (L745, T530, R1123, B600)     |    | ['Static', 'Load latest pac file?nn\\10.0.3.206\share_nxos\ROM\Debug\MS18\YZ-ZX\V1.0.0_2019.07.29_11.26.04\YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0_pac\YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0.pacStatic', 'Load latest pac file?nn\\10.0.3.206\share_nxos\ROM\Debug\MS18\YZ-ZX\V1.0.0_2019.07.29_11.26.04\YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0_pac\YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0.pac', 'Static0', 'Static1']     |    | child_window(title="Load latest pac file?nn\10.0.3.206share_nxosROMDebugMS18YZ-ZXV1.0.0_2019.07.29_11.26.04YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0_pacYZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0.pac", auto_id="65535", control_type="Text")     |    |     |    | TitleBar - ''    (L680, T478, R1160, B500)     |    | ['2', 'TitleBar', 'TitleBar0', 'TitleBar1']     |    |    |     |    |    | Button - '关闭'    (L1113, T471, R1162, B491)     |    |    | ['关闭', '关闭Button', 'Button3', '关闭0', '关闭1', '关闭Button0', '关闭Button1']     |    |    | child_window(title="关闭", control_type="Button")     |     | ListBox - ''    (L208, T288, R1632, B933)     | ['ListBox', 'Load latest pac file?nn\\10.0.3.206\share_nxos\ROM\Debug\MS18\YZ-ZX\V1.0.0_2019.07.29_11.26.04\YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0_pac\YZ-ZX_ms18_V1.0.0.pacListBox']     | child_window(auto_id="59648", control_type="List")     |    |     |    | Header - ''    (L210, T290, R1630, B313)     |    | ['3', 'Header']     |    | child_window(auto_id="Header", control_type="Header")     |    |    |     |    |    | HeaderItem - 'Port'    (L210, T290, R260, B313)     |    |    | ['Port', 'PortHeaderItem', 'HeaderItem', 'HeaderItem0', 'HeaderItem1']     |    |    | child_window(title="Port", control_type="HeaderItem")     |    |    |     |    |    | HeaderItem - 'Step'    (L260, T290, R380, B313)     |    |    | ['Step', 'StepHeaderItem', 'HeaderItem2']     |    |    | child_window(title="Step", control_type="HeaderItem")     |    |    |     |    |    | HeaderItem - 'Status'    (L380, T290, R560, B313)     |    |    | ['StatusHeaderItem', 'Status', 'HeaderItem3']     |    |    | child_window(title="Status", control_type="HeaderItem")     |    |    |     |    |    | HeaderItem - 'Progress'    (L560, T290, R875, B313)     |    |    | ['ProgressHeaderItem', 'Progress', 'HeaderItem4']     |    |    | child_window(title="Progress", control_type="HeaderItem")     |    |    |     |    |    | HeaderItem - 'Time(s)'    (L875, T290, R975, B313)     |    |    | ['Time(s)HeaderItem', 'Time(s)', 'HeaderItem5']     |    |    | child_window(title="Time(s)", control_type="HeaderItem")     |    |    |     |    |    | HeaderItem - 'MCP Type'    (L975, T290, R1155, B313)     |    |    | ['MCP TypeHeaderItem', 'MCP Type', 'HeaderItem6']     |    |    | child_window(title="MCP Type", control_type="HeaderItem")     |     | Toolbar - ''    (L208, T230, R1632, B288)     | ['4', 'ToolbarStart downloading', 'ToolbarAbout', 'ToolbarStop downloading', 'Toolbar', 'ToolbarLoad packet', 'ToolbarSettings']     | child_window(auto_id="59392", control_type="ToolBar")     |    |     |    | Static - ''    (L508, T234, R1308, B284)     |    | ['5', 'Static2']     |    | child_window(auto_id="32777", control_type="Text")     |    |     |    | Button - 'Load packet'    (L215, T232, R270, B286)     |    | ['Button4', 'Load packet', 'Load packetButton']     |    | child_window(title="Load packet", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Button - 'Settings'    (L270, T232, R325, B286)     |    | ['SettingsButton', 'Button5', 'Settings']     |    | child_window(title="Settings", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Separator - ''    (L325, T232, R331, B286)     |    | ['6', 'Separator', 'Separator0', 'Separator1']     |    |     |    | Button - 'Start downloading'    (L331, T232, R386, B286)     |    | ['Start downloadingButton', 'Start downloading', 'Button6']     |    | child_window(title="Start downloading", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Button - 'Stop downloading'    (L386, T232, R441, B286)     |    | ['Stop downloadingButton', 'Stop downloading', 'Button7']     |    | child_window(title="Stop downloading", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Separator - ''    (L441, T232, R447, B286)     |    | ['7', 'Separator2']     |    |     |    | Button - 'About'    (L447, T232, R502, B286)     |    | ['About', 'AboutButton', 'Button8']     |    | child_window(title="About", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Separator - ''    (L502, T232, R508, B286)     |    | ['8', 'Separator3']     |    |     |    | Separator - ''    (L508, T232, R1308, B286)     |    | ['9', 'Separator4']     |     | StatusBar - ''    (L208, T933, R1632, B952)     | ['ReadyStatusBar', 'StatusBar']     | child_window(auto_id="59393", control_type="StatusBar")     |    |     |    | Static - 'Ready'    (L208, T935, R1506, B952)     |    | ['Static3', 'Ready', 'ReadyStatic', 'ReadyStatic0', 'ReadyStatic1']     |    | child_window(title="Ready", control_type="Text")     |    |     |    | Static - ''    (L1508, T935, R1537, B952)     |    | ['Static4', 'ReadyStatic2']     |    |     |    | Static - 'NUM'    (L1539, T935, R1576, B952)     |    | ['Static5', 'NUM', 'NUMStatic', 'NUMStatic0', 'NUMStatic1']     |    | child_window(title="NUM", control_type="Text")     |    |     |    | Static - ''    (L1578, T935, R1613, B952)     |    | ['Static6', 'NUMStatic2']     |     | TitleBar - ''    (L224, T203, R1632, B230)     | ['10', 'TitleBar2']     |    |     |    | Menu - '系统'    (L208, T208, R229, B229)     |    | ['系统Menu', 'Menu', '系统', '系统0', '系统1']     |    | child_window(title="系统", control_type="MenuBar")     |    |    |     |    |    | MenuItem - '系统'    (L208, T208, R229, B229)     |    |    | ['系统MenuItem', 'MenuItem', '系统2']     |    |    | child_window(title="系统", control_type="MenuItem")     |    |     |    | Button - '最小化'    (L1529, T201, R1558, B221)     |    | ['Button9', '最小化', '最小化Button']     |    | child_window(title="最小化", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Button - '最大化'    (L1558, T201, R1585, B221)     |    | ['最大化Button', '最大化', 'Button10']     |    | child_window(title="最大化", control_type="Button")     |    |     |    | Button - '关闭'    (L1585, T201, R1634, B221)     |    | ['关闭2', '关闭Button2', 'Button11']     |    | child_window(title="关闭", control_type="Button")    Process finished with exit code 0  

3、操作控件

从结果中可以看到，上图红色框框中就是弹框的控件信息，接下来我们就点击‘否’，看实现代码

"""是否加载上一次路径控件信息，选择否"""  load_window = window.child_window(title="否(N)", auto_id="7", control_type="Button")  #  点击Button按钮 否  if load_window:      load_window.click()

这样就完成了点击‘否’操作，后续控件操作，也是按照以上步骤去操作即可（遇到问题记得先网上找找）

4、附上一些常用的特殊符号快捷键对应如下

SHIFT +

CTRL ^

ALT %

空格键 {SPACE}

BACKSPACE {BACKSPACE}、{BS} or {BKSP}

BREAK {BREAK}

CAPS LOCK {CAPSLOCK}

DEL or DELETE {DELETE} or {DEL}

DOWN ARROW {DOWN}

END {END}

ENTER {ENTER} or ~

ESC {ESC}

HELP {HELP}

HOME {HOME}

INS or INSERT {INSERT} or {INS}

LEFT ARROW {LEFT}

NUM LOCK {NUMLOCK}

PAGE DOWN {PGDN}

PAGE UP {PGUP}

PRINT SCREEN {PRTSC}

RIGHT ARROW {RIGHT}

SCROLL LOCK {SCROLLLOCK}

TAB {TAB}

UP ARROW {UP}

+ {ADD}

– {SUBTRACT}

* {MULTIPLY}

/ {DIVIDE}

后续篇章会继续完成后续的控件操作，请稍等哈