Android OkHttp + Retrofit 下载文件与进度监听

  • 2019 年 10 月 19 日
  • 筆記

本文链接

下载文件是一个比较常见的需求。给定一个url,我们可以使用URLConnection下载文件
使用OkHttp也可以通过流来下载文件。
给OkHttp中添加拦截器,即可实现下载进度的监听功能。

使用流来实现下载文件

代码可以参考:https://github.com/RustFisher/android-Basic4/tree/master/appdowloadsample

获取并使用字节流,需要注意两个要点,一个是服务接口方法的 @Streaming 注解,另一个是获取到ResponseBody。

获取流(Stream)。先定义一个服务ApiService。给方法添加上@Streaming的注解。

    private interface ApiService {          @Streaming          @GET          Observable<ResponseBody> download(@Url String url);      }

初始化OkHttp。记得填入你的baseUrl。

    OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()              .connectTimeout(8, TimeUnit.SECONDS)              .build();        retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()              .client(okHttpClient)              .addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())              .baseUrl("https://yourbaseurl.com")              .build();

发起网络请求。获取到ResponseBody。

    String downUrl = "xxx.com/aaa.apk";      retrofit.create(ApiService.class)              .download(downUrl)              .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())              .observeOn(Schedulers.io())              .doOnNext(new Consumer<ResponseBody>() {                  @Override                  public void accept(ResponseBody responseBody) throws Exception {                      // 处理 ResponseBody 中的流                  }              })              .doOnError(new Consumer<Throwable>() {                  @Override                  public void accept(Throwable throwable) throws Exception {                      Log.e(TAG, "accept on error: " + downUrl, throwable);                  }              })              .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())              .subscribe(new Observer<ResponseBody>() {                  @Override                  public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {                    }                    @Override                  public void onNext(ResponseBody responseBody) {                    }                    @Override                  public void onError(Throwable e) {                      Log.e(TAG, "Download center retrofit onError: ", e);                  }                    @Override                  public void onComplete() {                    }              });

通过ResponseBody拿到字节流 body.byteStream()。这里会先创建一个临时文件tmpFile,把数据写到临时文件里。
下载完成后再重命名成目标文件targetFile。

    public void saveFile(ResponseBody body) {          state = DownloadTaskState.DOWNLOADING;          byte[] buf = new byte[2048];          int len;          FileOutputStream fos = null;          try {              Log.d(TAG, "saveFile: body content length: " + body.contentLength());              srcInputStream = body.byteStream();              File dir = tmpFile.getParentFile();              if (dir == null) {                  throw new FileNotFoundException("target file has no dir.");              }              if (!dir.exists()) {                  boolean m = dir.mkdirs();                  onInfo("Create dir " + m + ", " + dir);              }              File file = tmpFile;              if (!file.exists()) {                  boolean c = file.createNewFile();                  onInfo("Create new file " + c);              }              fos = new FileOutputStream(file);              long time = System.currentTimeMillis();              while ((len = srcInputStream.read(buf)) != -1 && !isCancel) {                  fos.write(buf, 0, len);                  int duration = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() - time);                    int overBytes = len - downloadBytePerMs() * duration;                  if (overBytes > 0) {                      try {                          Thread.sleep(overBytes / downloadBytePerMs());                      } catch (Exception e) {                          e.printStackTrace();                      }                  }                  time = System.currentTimeMillis();                  if (isCancel) {                      state = DownloadTaskState.CLOSING;                      srcInputStream.close();                      break;                  }              }              if (!isCancel) {                  fos.flush();                  boolean rename = tmpFile.renameTo(targetFile);                  if (rename) {                      setState(DownloadTaskState.DONE);                      onSuccess(url);                  } else {                      setState(DownloadTaskState.ERROR);                      onError(url, new Exception("Rename file fail. " + tmpFile));                  }              }          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {              Log.e(TAG, "saveFile: FileNotFoundException ", e);              setState(DownloadTaskState.ERROR);              onError(url, e);          } catch (Exception e) {              Log.e(TAG, "saveFile: IOException ", e);              setState(DownloadTaskState.ERROR);              onError(url, e);          } finally {              try {                  if (srcInputStream != null) {                      srcInputStream.close();                  }                  if (fos != null) {                      fos.close();                  }              } catch (IOException e) {                  Log.e(TAG, "saveFile", e);              }              if (isCancel) {                  onCancel(url);              }          }      }  

每次读数据的循环,计算读了多少数据和用了多少时间。超过限速后主动sleep一下,达到控制下载速度的效果。
要注意不能sleep太久,以免socket关闭。
这里控制的是网络数据流与本地文件的读写速度。

下载进度监听

OkHttp实现下载进度监听,可以从字节流的读写那里入手。也可以使用拦截器,参考官方的例子
这里用拦截器的方式实现网络下载进度监听功能。

定义回调与网络拦截器

先定义回调。

public interface ProgressListener {      void update(String url, long bytesRead, long contentLength, boolean done);  }

自定义ProgressResponseBody。

public class ProgressResponseBody extends ResponseBody {        private final ResponseBody responseBody;      private final ProgressListener progressListener;      private BufferedSource bufferedSource;      private final String url;        ProgressResponseBody(String url, ResponseBody responseBody, ProgressListener progressListener) {          this.responseBody = responseBody;          this.progressListener = progressListener;          this.url = url;      }        @Override      public MediaType contentType() {          return responseBody.contentType();      }        @Override      public long contentLength() {          return responseBody.contentLength();      }        @Override      public BufferedSource source() {          if (bufferedSource == null) {              bufferedSource = Okio.buffer(source(responseBody.source()));          }          return bufferedSource;      }        private Source source(final Source source) {          return new ForwardingSource(source) {              long totalBytesRead = 0L;                @Override              public long read(Buffer sink, long byteCount) throws IOException {                  long bytesRead = super.read(sink, byteCount);                  // read() returns the number of bytes read, or -1 if this source is exhausted.                  totalBytesRead += bytesRead != -1 ? bytesRead : 0;                  progressListener.update(url, totalBytesRead, responseBody.contentLength(), bytesRead == -1);                  return bytesRead;              }          };      }  }

定义拦截器。从Response中获取信息。

public class ProgressInterceptor implements Interceptor {        private ProgressListener progressListener;        public ProgressInterceptor(ProgressListener progressListener) {          this.progressListener = progressListener;      }        @NotNull      @Override      public Response intercept(@NotNull Chain chain) throws IOException {          Response originalResponse = chain.proceed(chain.request());          return originalResponse.newBuilder()                  .body(new ProgressResponseBody(chain.request().url().url().toString(), originalResponse.body(), progressListener))                  .build();      }  }

添加拦截器

在创建OkHttpClient时添加ProgressInterceptor。

    OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()              .connectTimeout(8, TimeUnit.SECONDS)              .addInterceptor(new ProgressInterceptor(new ProgressListener() {                  @Override                  public void update(String url, long bytesRead, long contentLength, boolean done) {                      // tellProgress(url, bytesRead, contentLength, done);                  }              }))              .build();

值得注意的是这里的进度更新非常频繁。并不一定每次回调都要去更新UI。